Abrasive jet machining (AJM) is an unconventional machining process that employs a high-velocity abrasive jet to remove unwanted materials and achieve a smooth surface finish on hard metallic workpieces. The process involves components such as an abrasive jet made of gas and particles, a mixing chamber, and a nozzle, with operations like drilling and surface finishing. While AJM offers advantages like a low equipment cost and effective machining of hard materials, it has disadvantages including a low metal removal rate and maintenance requirements for the nozzle.

1. Abrasive Jet
Machining
(AJM)
UPENDRA KUMAR MALLA

2. What is AJM ?
• Abrasive Jet Machining (AJM), also known as
micro-abrasive blasting, is a mechanical energy
based unconventional machining process used to
remove unwanted material from a given workpiece.

3. Working principle
• The process makes use of an
abrasive jet with high velocity,
to remove material and
provide smooth surface finish
to hard metallic workpieces

4. Working principle

5. Schematic Diagram of Abrasive Jet Machining

6. Components of AJM
1.Abrasive jet:
It is a mixture of a gas (or air)
and abrasive particles.
Gas used is carbon-di-oxide or
nitrogen or compressed air.
The selection of abrasive
particles depends on the
hardness and Metal Removal
Rate (MRR) of the workpiece.
Most commonly, aluminium
oxide or silicon carbide

7. Components of AJM
2.Mixing chamber: It is used
to mix the gas and abrasive
particles
3.Filter: It filters the gas
before entering the
compressor and mixing
chamber
4.Compressor: It pressurizes
the gas.

8. Components of AJM
5.Hopper: Hopper is used for
feeding the abrasive powder.
6.Pressure gauges and flow
regulators: They are used to
control the pressure and regulate
the flow rate of abrasive jet.
7.Vibrator: It is provided below
the mixing chamber. It controls
the abrasive powder feed rate in
the mixing chamber.

9. Components of AJM
8.Nozzle: It forces the abrasive
jet over the workpiece. Nozzle is
made of hard and resistant
material like tungsten carbide

10. Operations performed using AJM
• Drilling
• Boring
• Surface finishing
• Cutting
• Cleaning
• Deburring
• Etching
• Trimming
• Milling

11. Advantages Disadvantages
1. Metal removal rate is low
2. In certain circumstances,
abrasive particles might
settle over the workpiece.
3. Nozzle life is less. Nozzle
should be maintained
periodically.
4. Abrasive Jet Machining
cannot be used to
machine soft materials.
1. Surface of the workpiece
is cleaned automatically.
2. Smooth surface finish can
be obtained.
3. Equipment cost is low.
4. Hard materials and
materials of high strength
can be easily machined.

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UPENDRA KUMAR MALLA