Initiation of flowering -Genetic & Molecular aspects is an important domain in the field of reproductive biology of angiosperms.The different genes along with the role of vernalization & homeotic genes has been explored here with diagram diagram.
intro-hostory and discovery-characteristics of phytochrome-chemical nature of phytochrome-mode of action-mechanism-phytochrome mediated physiological responses-phytochrome is a pigment system:some evidences-role of phytochrome
molecular and genetic analysis of floral induction is an integrated approach, taking into consideration various genes involved in the four major pathways of flowering process
photoperiodism its discovery,significance,classifications,mechanism,critical day length,quality of light, night break phenomenon,phytochrome.florigen,floering genes, circadian rhythm
after floral induction, the inflorescence meristem eventually forms the floral meristem. the process is controlled by an array of homeotic genes. this also involves microRNAs for their regulation
flowering is perhaps the most important physiological phenomenon in the life-cycle of higher plants. it is a resultant of a range of internal and external factors, that leads to the activity of a plethora of genes, that leads to the development of flowers
Initiation of flowering -Genetic & Molecular aspects is an important domain in the field of reproductive biology of angiosperms.The different genes along with the role of vernalization & homeotic genes has been explored here with diagram diagram.
intro-hostory and discovery-characteristics of phytochrome-chemical nature of phytochrome-mode of action-mechanism-phytochrome mediated physiological responses-phytochrome is a pigment system:some evidences-role of phytochrome
molecular and genetic analysis of floral induction is an integrated approach, taking into consideration various genes involved in the four major pathways of flowering process
photoperiodism its discovery,significance,classifications,mechanism,critical day length,quality of light, night break phenomenon,phytochrome.florigen,floering genes, circadian rhythm
after floral induction, the inflorescence meristem eventually forms the floral meristem. the process is controlled by an array of homeotic genes. this also involves microRNAs for their regulation
flowering is perhaps the most important physiological phenomenon in the life-cycle of higher plants. it is a resultant of a range of internal and external factors, that leads to the activity of a plethora of genes, that leads to the development of flowers
Plant growth and development are intricate processes influenced by a multitude of factors, both internal and external. A thorough understanding of these processes is indispensable for students of plant biology and agriculture, especially those preparing for competitive exams like NEET and board exams. This set of comprehensive study notes aims to delve into various aspects of plant growth and development, elucidating key concepts essential for exam preparation.
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FLOWERING PROCESS- A TRANSITION FROM VEGETATIVE TO REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN.pptx406SAKSHIPRIYA
Flowering involves the sequential action of two groups of genes: those that switch the fate of the meristem from vegetative to floral (floral meristem identity genes) and those that direct the formation of the various flower parts (organ identity genes.)
Mode of reproduction in crop plants.pptxSuman Ghimire
A B.Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture student from NPI in Nepal created and delivered the presentation. This slide describes the floral morphology and plant reproduction. It also describes the asexual, sexual, and vegetative reproduction of the plant.
The outermost layer is termed as epiblema.
Cuticle and stomata are absent.
Cortex is formed of parenchymatous cells.
Endodermis is well developed.
Pericycle is distinct.
Vascular bundles are radial.
Xylem is exarch.
Phloem consists of sieve tubes, companion cells and phloem parenchyma. (In monocots however, the phloem parenchyma is absent).
The genetic variations found in the in vitro cultured cells are collectively referred to as somaclonal variations.
The plants derived from such cells are referred to somaclones. Some authors use the terms calliclones and proto-clones to represent cultures obtained from callus and protoplasts respectively.
The growth of plant cells in vitro is an asexual process involving only mitotic division of cells. Thus, culturing of cells is the method to clone a particular genotype. It is therefore expected that plants arising from a given tissue culture should be the exact copies of the parental plant.
The occurrence of phenotypic variants among the regenerated plants (from tissue cultures) has been known for several years. These variations were earlier dismissed as tissue culture artefacts. The term somaclonal variations was first used by Larkin and Scowcraft (1981) for variations arising due to culture of cells, i.e., variability generated by a tissue culture. This term is now universally accepted.
As described elsewhere the explant used in tissue culture may come from any part of the plant organs or cells. These include leaves, roots, protoplasts, microspores and embryos. Somaclonal variations are reported in all types of plant tissue cultures.
In recent years, the term gametoclonal variations is used for the variations observed in the regenerated plants from gametic cells (e.g., anther cultures). For the plants obtained from protoplast cultures, proto-clonal variations is used.
Food is synthesized in the green parts of a plant. The non-green parts are depended on the photosynthetic cells for nourishment. The main function of photosynthesis is to provide energy and carbon skeleton to all living cells in different regions of organs of plant body. The food in the form of sucrose is transported by the vascular tissue phloem. The transport of photosynthetic organic substance from leaf to any organ at relatively long distance is called translocation. Such translocation of organic substances occurs through a vascular tissue called phloem. The translocation of organic substances through phloem tissue is called phloem transport.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
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A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
1. ABC model of flower development
Jatindra Nath Mohanty, PhD scholar
Regd no - 1581611002
2. What is a flower?
Flower is the reproductive part of the plant
developed from vegetative meristem
3. Metamorphosis of plant
• It involves 3 physiological changes
(a) Transition towards flowering
(b) Inflorescence
(c) Individual floral organ development
4. (a)Transition towards flowering
• The transition from the vegetative phase to reproductive
phase involves a dramatic change which contains both
endogenous and exogenous elements:
• Eg- leaves(biomass) , photoperiod, hormones
• In molecular biology this state is control by
Genes in Arabdopsis thaliana: FLOWERING LOCUS
T (FT), LEAFY (LFY), SUPPRESOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF
CONSTANS1 (SOC1)
5. (b) Inflorescence
• Inflorescence or floral meristem formation
depends on cell fate determination
mechanism.
• In floral meristem development certain gene
in veg. meristem negatively regulate the
possible differentiation of the stem cells.
• Eg-WUS gene , SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM)
gene etc.
6. (c) Individual floral organ
development
The flower arises from the activity of three classes of
genes, which regulate floral development: meristem
identity gene, organ identity gene and cadastral gene
11. Function of D class of gene
Function D specifies the identity of the ovule
Eg-FLORAL BINDING PROTEIN7 (FBP7) and
FLORAL BINDING PROTEIN1L (FBP1l).
12. Conclusion
• The ABC classes of gene act alone, or with
combination to specify the four types of floral
organ.
• The ABC genes are sufficient to convert
vegetative meristem to floral meristem and
finally flowers are generated.
• The ABC model is applicable to all flowering
plants.
