This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a fuzzy PID controller for induction heating systems with LLC voltage source inverters. It begins with an overview of induction heating systems and typical PID control approaches. It then describes the design and tuning of a conventional PID controller for the system. Next, it presents the design of a fuzzy PID controller, including definitions of its input and output variables, membership functions, and rule base. Simulation results show that the fuzzy PID controller improves the system's step response over a conventional PID controller by reducing overshoot and settling time. Performance indices further indicate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy approach.
Optimal fuzzy-PID controller with derivative filter for load frequency contro...IJECEIAES
A newly adopted optimization technique known as sine-cosine algorithm (SCA) is suggested in this research article to tune the gains of Fuzzy-PID controller along with a derivative filter (Fuzzy-PIDF) of a hybrid interconnected system for the Load Frequency Control (LFC). The scrutinized multi-generation system considers hydro, gas and thermal sources in all areas of the dual area power system integrated with UPFC (unified power flow controller) and SMES (Super-conducting magnetic energy storage) units. The preeminence of the offered Fuzzy-PIDF controller is recognized over Fuzzy-PID controller by comparing their dynamic performance indices concerning minimum undershoot, settling time and also peak overshoot. Finally, the sensitiveness and sturdiness of the recommended control method are proved by altering the parameters of the system from their nominal values and by the implementation of random loading in the system.
Adaptive Fuzzy PI Current Control of Grid Interact PV Inverter IJECEIAES
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering that presents an adaptive fuzzy PI current controller for a grid-interactive photovoltaic inverter. The controller uses fuzzy logic to update the gains of the proportional-integral controller based on the error current and change in error current. This allows the controller to maintain good dynamic response and low steady-state error under varying operating conditions. Simulation results show the controller enables the inverter to track a step change in the reference current with less transient behavior and zero steady-state error while keeping the total harmonic distortion of the grid current below 5%.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a distributed generation (DG) interfacing scheme using a dual active power filter (APF) configuration. The scheme involves a DG inverter that initially acts as an inverter to feed 5KW of active power from the DG source to the grid. At 0.2 seconds, the DG inverter then acts as an APF along with the dual APF setup to provide harmonic compensation. Control strategies are presented for operating the DG inverter in inverter and APF modes using simple control techniques. Instantaneous active and reactive power (PQ) theory is used to control the dual APF configuration. Simulation results are shown verifying the DG inverter can
This work deals with the Power Factor Corrected Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter (PFC-SEPIC) based voltage fed closed loop full bridge series resonant induction heating system for household induction heating applications. The output voltage of the front end PFC-SEPIC converter fed series resonant inverter governs the controllers, which may be PI controller or Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). The analysis and comparison of time responses are presented in this paper. The PFC-SEPIC converter is used to improve the output power and the THD of source side current are compared for PI and FLC controllers. PFC-SEPIC converter maintains improved current and voltage at unity power factor through the input mains. The SEPIC converter based Voltage Fed Full Bridge Series Resonant Inverter (VFFBSRI) converts the voltage at a frequency of 10 kHz to a level suitable for household induction heating. A 1 kW SEPIC converter based VFFBSRI with RLC load is designed and simulated using MATLAB/ Simulink and hardware is fabricated.
Optimization of automatic voltage regulator by proportional integral derivati...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper is basically based on the optimization of working of Automatic voltage regulator by the proportional Intigral
derivative controller. In this analysis, optimization is done by very novel concept Particle Swarm Optimization and simulated
using MATLAB Simulink software. The primary reason for a programmed voltage controller framework is to keep the voltage
extent of a synchronous generator at a predetermined level the generator excitation framework keeps up the generator voltage
and controls the reactive power stream.
IndexTerms:AutomaticVoltageRegulator,MATLAB
Improving Stability of Utility-Tied Wind Generators using Dynamic Voltage Res...IJMTST Journal
The generation of electricity using wind power is significantly increasing and has received considerable attention in recent years. One important problem with the induction generator based wind farms is that they are vulnerable to voltage disturbances and short circuit faults. Any such disturbance may cause wind farm outages. Since wind power contribution is in considerable percentage, such outages may lead to power system stability issues and also violate the grid code requirements. Thus, improving the reliability of wind farms is essential to maintain the stability of the system. The proposed strategy is to use Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), which is one of the promising devices to compensate the voltage disturbance and to improve the stability of the system. It provides the wind generator with the fault ride through capability and improves the reliability of the system. Fuzzy Logic controller is used as a controller in order to control the dc link voltages and to reduce the harmonics. Simulation results for a 2 MW wind turbine are presented, especially for asymmetrical grid faults. They show the effectiveness of the DVR in comparison to the low voltage ride-through of the DFIG using a crowbar that does not allow continuous reactive power production. Extensive simulation results are included to illustrate the operation of DVR and fault compensation.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Optimal fuzzy-PID controller with derivative filter for load frequency contro...IJECEIAES
A newly adopted optimization technique known as sine-cosine algorithm (SCA) is suggested in this research article to tune the gains of Fuzzy-PID controller along with a derivative filter (Fuzzy-PIDF) of a hybrid interconnected system for the Load Frequency Control (LFC). The scrutinized multi-generation system considers hydro, gas and thermal sources in all areas of the dual area power system integrated with UPFC (unified power flow controller) and SMES (Super-conducting magnetic energy storage) units. The preeminence of the offered Fuzzy-PIDF controller is recognized over Fuzzy-PID controller by comparing their dynamic performance indices concerning minimum undershoot, settling time and also peak overshoot. Finally, the sensitiveness and sturdiness of the recommended control method are proved by altering the parameters of the system from their nominal values and by the implementation of random loading in the system.
Adaptive Fuzzy PI Current Control of Grid Interact PV Inverter IJECEIAES
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering that presents an adaptive fuzzy PI current controller for a grid-interactive photovoltaic inverter. The controller uses fuzzy logic to update the gains of the proportional-integral controller based on the error current and change in error current. This allows the controller to maintain good dynamic response and low steady-state error under varying operating conditions. Simulation results show the controller enables the inverter to track a step change in the reference current with less transient behavior and zero steady-state error while keeping the total harmonic distortion of the grid current below 5%.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a distributed generation (DG) interfacing scheme using a dual active power filter (APF) configuration. The scheme involves a DG inverter that initially acts as an inverter to feed 5KW of active power from the DG source to the grid. At 0.2 seconds, the DG inverter then acts as an APF along with the dual APF setup to provide harmonic compensation. Control strategies are presented for operating the DG inverter in inverter and APF modes using simple control techniques. Instantaneous active and reactive power (PQ) theory is used to control the dual APF configuration. Simulation results are shown verifying the DG inverter can
This work deals with the Power Factor Corrected Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter (PFC-SEPIC) based voltage fed closed loop full bridge series resonant induction heating system for household induction heating applications. The output voltage of the front end PFC-SEPIC converter fed series resonant inverter governs the controllers, which may be PI controller or Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). The analysis and comparison of time responses are presented in this paper. The PFC-SEPIC converter is used to improve the output power and the THD of source side current are compared for PI and FLC controllers. PFC-SEPIC converter maintains improved current and voltage at unity power factor through the input mains. The SEPIC converter based Voltage Fed Full Bridge Series Resonant Inverter (VFFBSRI) converts the voltage at a frequency of 10 kHz to a level suitable for household induction heating. A 1 kW SEPIC converter based VFFBSRI with RLC load is designed and simulated using MATLAB/ Simulink and hardware is fabricated.
Optimization of automatic voltage regulator by proportional integral derivati...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper is basically based on the optimization of working of Automatic voltage regulator by the proportional Intigral
derivative controller. In this analysis, optimization is done by very novel concept Particle Swarm Optimization and simulated
using MATLAB Simulink software. The primary reason for a programmed voltage controller framework is to keep the voltage
extent of a synchronous generator at a predetermined level the generator excitation framework keeps up the generator voltage
and controls the reactive power stream.
IndexTerms:AutomaticVoltageRegulator,MATLAB
Improving Stability of Utility-Tied Wind Generators using Dynamic Voltage Res...IJMTST Journal
The generation of electricity using wind power is significantly increasing and has received considerable attention in recent years. One important problem with the induction generator based wind farms is that they are vulnerable to voltage disturbances and short circuit faults. Any such disturbance may cause wind farm outages. Since wind power contribution is in considerable percentage, such outages may lead to power system stability issues and also violate the grid code requirements. Thus, improving the reliability of wind farms is essential to maintain the stability of the system. The proposed strategy is to use Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), which is one of the promising devices to compensate the voltage disturbance and to improve the stability of the system. It provides the wind generator with the fault ride through capability and improves the reliability of the system. Fuzzy Logic controller is used as a controller in order to control the dc link voltages and to reduce the harmonics. Simulation results for a 2 MW wind turbine are presented, especially for asymmetrical grid faults. They show the effectiveness of the DVR in comparison to the low voltage ride-through of the DFIG using a crowbar that does not allow continuous reactive power production. Extensive simulation results are included to illustrate the operation of DVR and fault compensation.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document describes the design of a low-cost thermoelectric generator that can utilize waste heat from machinery to produce supplemental electricity. It discusses how thermoelectric modules use the Seebeck effect to directly convert a temperature difference into electricity. A voltage regulator is used to control the output voltage. Experimental results showed the generator produced over 4 watts of power from a 68 degree Celsius temperature difference, though efficiency remained low. Maintaining a proper temperature difference across the module is important to improve electrical performance. The generator has applications for charging devices and providing backup power.
Speed Control of DC Motor using PID Controller for Industrial Applicationijtsrd
This paper is to design PID controller to supervise and control the speed response of the DC motor and MATLAB program is used for industrial application . PID controllers are widely used in a industrial plants because of their simplicity and robustness. The results obtained from simulation are approximately similar to that obtained by practical. Also the dynamic behavior is studied. Manoj Kumar Ranwa | Ameen Uddin Ahmad "Speed Control of DC Motor using PID Controller for Industrial Application" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26599.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/26599/speed-control-of-dc-motor-using-pid-controller-for-industrial-application/manoj-kumar-ranwa
Tuning of PI and PID Controller with STATCOM, SSSC and UPFC for Minimizing Da...IOSRJEEE
This paper presents the comparative performance of directly and feedback connected PI and PID controller scheme with Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices, such as Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) in terms of improvements in transient stability, extenuation of system oscillations and furnishing voltage support in single machine infinite bus system (SMIB). Firstly, rotor angle deviation and speed deviation analyzed for directly connected PI and PID with UPFC, SSSC and STATCOM then for feedback connected. The comparisons of all the results are performed using Matlab simulink in term of maximum overshoot and settling time.
DESIGN OF CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR THE LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL (LFC) IN MULTI AR...IAEME Publication
This paper features the Differential Evolution (DE) by controller parameters tuning algorithm
and also an application of a multi source power system to a Load Frequency Control (LFC) by
having several sources of power generation techniques. At first, a single area multi-source power
system using integral controllers for every unit is taken and DE procedure is implemented to attain
the controller parameters. Several mutation procedures of DE are estimated and the control
parameters of DE for best obtained procedure are tuned by implementing numerous runs of
algorithm for every change in parameter. Multi-area multi-source power system is also discussed
and a HDVC link is also taken in accordance with the current AC tie line for the internal
connection between the areas. The two variables of Integrals which are to be enhanced using tuned
DE algorithm are proportional integral and proportional integral derivative.
IRJET- Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Compensation Via UPQC using PID Contro...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using a PID controller to compensate for total harmonic distortion (THD) in a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). A UPQC uses two voltage source inverters connected back-to-back to compensate for voltage sags/swells and reduce current harmonics and reactive power. The proposed method uses a PID controller to regulate voltage and current parameters and reduce THD. Simulation results show the PID controller reduces THD in the load current to below 5% and regulates the DC bus voltage. The paper concludes the UPQC with PID controller provides effective compensation of current THD.
This document contains a question bank for energy managers and energy auditors related to energy efficient technologies in electrical systems. It includes multiple choice, true/false, and short answer questions that cover topics like maximum demand controllers, power factor correction, variable speed drives, energy efficient motors and transformers, lighting controls, and other retrofit opportunities. Long answer questions provide more detailed explanations of demand controllers, automatic power factor control methods, soft starters, variable speed applications, and recommended retrofit actions for facilities. The question bank is intended to test knowledge of key electrical system optimization strategies.
Automated Air Cooled Three Level Inverter system using ArduinoIJEEE
The output voltage of a three level inverter is stepped voltage in which the output voltage have three possible values. Such systems can be used to interface renewable energy sources with the grid. Temperature has significant effect on performance of power MOSFETs. Typically, the MOSFETs used as power switches in such applications are a significant source of heat, and the heat energy dissipated by these components must be carefully controlled if operating temperatures are to be maintained. So for the system to work efficiently cooling of MOSFETs is required. This paper proposed an automated air cooled 3 level H-bridge inverter. The system consists of MOSFETs, LM 35 temperature sensor, Optocouplers for isolation. Arduino is used to control the on-off operation of fan. When temperature rises above certain level fan turns on to cool the MOSFETs.
IRJET- Improvement of Power System Stability in Wind Turbine by using Facts D...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a predictive power control strategy to improve the stability of power systems with wind farms that use doubly fed induction generator wind turbines. The strategy involves using a super capacitor energy storage system to control the active power from the grid side converter and using a static synchronous series compensator to reduce low frequency oscillations. A model predictive control approach is used to predict the future system response and increase damping. Simulation results on MATLAB/Simulink show the control strategy is able to stabilize voltage and current signals within 0.25 and 0.29 seconds respectively, improving upon conventional PI control.
This paper presents study of distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM) for compensation of reactive power, harmonic distortion mitigation and load balancing in three phase three wire nonlinear load distribution system. The proposed control algorithm is developed based on synchronous reference frame theory using PI and FUZZY logic controller. The obtained reference current signal from control algorithm is compared in hysteresis band current controller for better switching of D-STATCOM. The performance of DSTATCOM with PI and fuzzy logic controller is also analysed and compared for DC voltage regulation and harmonic distortion mitigation .The proposed method is provided effective compensation for reactive power, harmonic distortion mitigation and load voltage balancing. The simulation results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK soft ware.
Next Generation Researchers in Power Systems_Tao Yang_UCD EITao Yang
This document discusses solid state transformers (SSTs) and their potential applications in future distribution systems. It provides background on SSTs, explaining how they use power electronics to convert AC power to high frequency AC or DC before converting it back to the desired output. The document outlines research objectives to modularly design and optimize an SST for a distribution system. Simulation results show the modular SST has higher efficiency and lower weight than a traditional low frequency transformer under daily loading profiles. The document also explores how SSTs can address issues like imbalanced loads by independently controlling positive, negative, and zero sequence components.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Comparative Analysis of Integrated Boost Flyback Converter using PID and Fu...IJPEDS-IAES
1) The document presents a comparative analysis of an integrated boost flyback converter (IBFC) using PID and fuzzy logic controllers for renewable energy systems.
2) Simulation results show that the IBFC with a fuzzy logic controller has better performance than a PID controller, with lower rise time, settling time, and delay, and is able to regulate the output voltage without ripples.
3) When disturbances are applied to the input voltage, the closed-loop IBFC using a fuzzy controller maintains a steady output voltage, while the PID controller exhibits a larger overshoot and takes longer to settle.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
The document describes a study that models and simulates a high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission system to control power flow between two converter stations using proportional-integral (PI) and artificial neural network (ANN) controllers. The HVDC system includes AC and DC components as well as rectifier and inverter controls. Simulation results show that the HVDC system with ANN controllers provides more flexible control compared to PI controllers.
IEEE International Conference PresentationAnmol Dwivedi
IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE -
Paper Title "Real-Time Implementation of Phasor Measurement Unit Using NI CompactRIO".
Code Available on: https://github.com/anmold-07/Synchrophasor-Estimation
Dynamic Power Quality Compensator with an Adaptive Shunt Hybrid FilterIAES-IJPEDS
Major portion of nonlinear loads in industries are contributed by variable speed drives because of their desirable features such as energy saving, smooth control, flexible operation and fast response. These electric drives introduce large amount of current and voltage harmonic distortions at the point of common coupling. These distortions are propagated throughout the system and affect all other loads connected in the system. Hence these distortions are to be mitigated with suitable harmonic filters installed near to the respective load terminals. This paper presents an effective ANN based digital controller for shunt hybrid harmonic filter to provide instantaneous harmonic and reactive compensation. The performance of the adaptive shunt hybrid filter is verified by simulation and experimental studies under steady state and dynamic conditions. The results show that it is an effective, flexible and low rated hybrid filter configuration.
Integrated grid inverter with frequency control scheme for wind mill applicat...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
In modern society every sector needs continuous power on demand. To achieve this voltage,
current and frequency, these parameters of the power system should be at rated values. Because of
remote generation, transmission and distribution, we are failing to receive the reliable power. To
overcome this problem, the Distribution energy sources (DES) become more suitable solution. This
generated power from DES is supplied to local loads and this can be connected to the main grid
through the Micro-Grid (MG). Micro-grids will operate in two modes, A Grid-connected mode and in
an Islanded mode. During islanding mode, one Distributed Generation (DG) unit should share output
generation power with other unit in exact accordance with the load. Need to control Real and Reactive
power effectively for the load to operate without disturbance. Hence in the present work, Voltage
Source Inverter (VSI) and Proportional Integral Derivative(PID) controller in power conversion
process to get required real and reactive power for the normal operation of micro-grid. The proposed
method has been applied to a designed test Simulink model for different types of Grid connected and
Isolated modes. The simulation results obtained show that, this method can improves the reliability and
smooth operation of the micro-grid system.
Comparative Analysis of Different Controllers in Two–Area Hydrothermal Power ...IRJET Journal
This document compares the performance of different controllers for regulating frequency and power interchange in a two-area hydrothermal power system under step load disturbances. It summarizes the system model, describes several conventional controllers (PI, PID) and their tuning using Ziegler-Nichols methods. It also outlines an intelligent fuzzy logic controller with Mamdani fuzzy inference and describes its design and rule base. Simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller achieves better dynamic response and steady-state error than the conventional controllers.
Electronic Load Controller for Self Exited Induction Generator Using Fuzzy Lo...IOSR Journals
This document describes a simulation of an electronic load controller (ELC) for a self-excited induction generator (SEIG) using a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). SEIGs are well-suited for distributed generation but have variable voltage regulation that depends on load conditions. The proposed ELC uses a diode rectifier and IGBT chopper with a resistive dump load to maintain constant voltage and frequency at the SEIG terminals despite varying consumer load. A FLC is developed with error and change in error as inputs and duty cycle as the output to control the chopper. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink show the ELC with FLC maintains constant generator power, frequency and speed with changes in consumer load
Improved dynamic performances of multi area reheat thermal agc power systems ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Interleaved Boost Converter (ILBC) is a better converter between Photo Voltaic(PV) source and shunt active power filter. This paper deals with comparison of time domain outputs of PI and Fractional Order PID(FOPID) controlled ILBC fed shunt active filter in a grid connected PV system. The aim of this work is to minimize current ripple using ILBC between PV system and filter to improve the dynamic performance of shunt active filter. Closed loop monitored PI and FOPID systems are modeled, and the corresponding results are presented. MATLAB results of load voltage, current, converter voltage and currents with FOPID exhibits enhanced dynamic response. The proposed FOPID controlled ILBC Fed Shunt Active Filter system (ILBCFSAF) has advantages like low settling time, less peak over shoot and reduced steady state error in load voltage. The simulation results of ILBCSAF are compared with the corresponding hardware results.
DC Motor Speed Control for a Plant Based On PID Controllerpaperpublications3
Abstract: This paper aims is to design a controller for controlling the speed of DC motor .The effects of the controller on motor speed is analyzed .Automatic tuning of the controller is also introduce for efficient control of the process .The tuning is implemented using Ziegler Nichols method and results are compared with Variation in speed without controller.
This document describes the design of a low-cost thermoelectric generator that can utilize waste heat from machinery to produce supplemental electricity. It discusses how thermoelectric modules use the Seebeck effect to directly convert a temperature difference into electricity. A voltage regulator is used to control the output voltage. Experimental results showed the generator produced over 4 watts of power from a 68 degree Celsius temperature difference, though efficiency remained low. Maintaining a proper temperature difference across the module is important to improve electrical performance. The generator has applications for charging devices and providing backup power.
Speed Control of DC Motor using PID Controller for Industrial Applicationijtsrd
This paper is to design PID controller to supervise and control the speed response of the DC motor and MATLAB program is used for industrial application . PID controllers are widely used in a industrial plants because of their simplicity and robustness. The results obtained from simulation are approximately similar to that obtained by practical. Also the dynamic behavior is studied. Manoj Kumar Ranwa | Ameen Uddin Ahmad "Speed Control of DC Motor using PID Controller for Industrial Application" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26599.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/26599/speed-control-of-dc-motor-using-pid-controller-for-industrial-application/manoj-kumar-ranwa
Tuning of PI and PID Controller with STATCOM, SSSC and UPFC for Minimizing Da...IOSRJEEE
This paper presents the comparative performance of directly and feedback connected PI and PID controller scheme with Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices, such as Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) in terms of improvements in transient stability, extenuation of system oscillations and furnishing voltage support in single machine infinite bus system (SMIB). Firstly, rotor angle deviation and speed deviation analyzed for directly connected PI and PID with UPFC, SSSC and STATCOM then for feedback connected. The comparisons of all the results are performed using Matlab simulink in term of maximum overshoot and settling time.
DESIGN OF CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR THE LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL (LFC) IN MULTI AR...IAEME Publication
This paper features the Differential Evolution (DE) by controller parameters tuning algorithm
and also an application of a multi source power system to a Load Frequency Control (LFC) by
having several sources of power generation techniques. At first, a single area multi-source power
system using integral controllers for every unit is taken and DE procedure is implemented to attain
the controller parameters. Several mutation procedures of DE are estimated and the control
parameters of DE for best obtained procedure are tuned by implementing numerous runs of
algorithm for every change in parameter. Multi-area multi-source power system is also discussed
and a HDVC link is also taken in accordance with the current AC tie line for the internal
connection between the areas. The two variables of Integrals which are to be enhanced using tuned
DE algorithm are proportional integral and proportional integral derivative.
IRJET- Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Compensation Via UPQC using PID Contro...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using a PID controller to compensate for total harmonic distortion (THD) in a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). A UPQC uses two voltage source inverters connected back-to-back to compensate for voltage sags/swells and reduce current harmonics and reactive power. The proposed method uses a PID controller to regulate voltage and current parameters and reduce THD. Simulation results show the PID controller reduces THD in the load current to below 5% and regulates the DC bus voltage. The paper concludes the UPQC with PID controller provides effective compensation of current THD.
This document contains a question bank for energy managers and energy auditors related to energy efficient technologies in electrical systems. It includes multiple choice, true/false, and short answer questions that cover topics like maximum demand controllers, power factor correction, variable speed drives, energy efficient motors and transformers, lighting controls, and other retrofit opportunities. Long answer questions provide more detailed explanations of demand controllers, automatic power factor control methods, soft starters, variable speed applications, and recommended retrofit actions for facilities. The question bank is intended to test knowledge of key electrical system optimization strategies.
Automated Air Cooled Three Level Inverter system using ArduinoIJEEE
The output voltage of a three level inverter is stepped voltage in which the output voltage have three possible values. Such systems can be used to interface renewable energy sources with the grid. Temperature has significant effect on performance of power MOSFETs. Typically, the MOSFETs used as power switches in such applications are a significant source of heat, and the heat energy dissipated by these components must be carefully controlled if operating temperatures are to be maintained. So for the system to work efficiently cooling of MOSFETs is required. This paper proposed an automated air cooled 3 level H-bridge inverter. The system consists of MOSFETs, LM 35 temperature sensor, Optocouplers for isolation. Arduino is used to control the on-off operation of fan. When temperature rises above certain level fan turns on to cool the MOSFETs.
IRJET- Improvement of Power System Stability in Wind Turbine by using Facts D...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a predictive power control strategy to improve the stability of power systems with wind farms that use doubly fed induction generator wind turbines. The strategy involves using a super capacitor energy storage system to control the active power from the grid side converter and using a static synchronous series compensator to reduce low frequency oscillations. A model predictive control approach is used to predict the future system response and increase damping. Simulation results on MATLAB/Simulink show the control strategy is able to stabilize voltage and current signals within 0.25 and 0.29 seconds respectively, improving upon conventional PI control.
This paper presents study of distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM) for compensation of reactive power, harmonic distortion mitigation and load balancing in three phase three wire nonlinear load distribution system. The proposed control algorithm is developed based on synchronous reference frame theory using PI and FUZZY logic controller. The obtained reference current signal from control algorithm is compared in hysteresis band current controller for better switching of D-STATCOM. The performance of DSTATCOM with PI and fuzzy logic controller is also analysed and compared for DC voltage regulation and harmonic distortion mitigation .The proposed method is provided effective compensation for reactive power, harmonic distortion mitigation and load voltage balancing. The simulation results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK soft ware.
Next Generation Researchers in Power Systems_Tao Yang_UCD EITao Yang
This document discusses solid state transformers (SSTs) and their potential applications in future distribution systems. It provides background on SSTs, explaining how they use power electronics to convert AC power to high frequency AC or DC before converting it back to the desired output. The document outlines research objectives to modularly design and optimize an SST for a distribution system. Simulation results show the modular SST has higher efficiency and lower weight than a traditional low frequency transformer under daily loading profiles. The document also explores how SSTs can address issues like imbalanced loads by independently controlling positive, negative, and zero sequence components.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Comparative Analysis of Integrated Boost Flyback Converter using PID and Fu...IJPEDS-IAES
1) The document presents a comparative analysis of an integrated boost flyback converter (IBFC) using PID and fuzzy logic controllers for renewable energy systems.
2) Simulation results show that the IBFC with a fuzzy logic controller has better performance than a PID controller, with lower rise time, settling time, and delay, and is able to regulate the output voltage without ripples.
3) When disturbances are applied to the input voltage, the closed-loop IBFC using a fuzzy controller maintains a steady output voltage, while the PID controller exhibits a larger overshoot and takes longer to settle.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
The document describes a study that models and simulates a high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission system to control power flow between two converter stations using proportional-integral (PI) and artificial neural network (ANN) controllers. The HVDC system includes AC and DC components as well as rectifier and inverter controls. Simulation results show that the HVDC system with ANN controllers provides more flexible control compared to PI controllers.
IEEE International Conference PresentationAnmol Dwivedi
IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE -
Paper Title "Real-Time Implementation of Phasor Measurement Unit Using NI CompactRIO".
Code Available on: https://github.com/anmold-07/Synchrophasor-Estimation
Dynamic Power Quality Compensator with an Adaptive Shunt Hybrid FilterIAES-IJPEDS
Major portion of nonlinear loads in industries are contributed by variable speed drives because of their desirable features such as energy saving, smooth control, flexible operation and fast response. These electric drives introduce large amount of current and voltage harmonic distortions at the point of common coupling. These distortions are propagated throughout the system and affect all other loads connected in the system. Hence these distortions are to be mitigated with suitable harmonic filters installed near to the respective load terminals. This paper presents an effective ANN based digital controller for shunt hybrid harmonic filter to provide instantaneous harmonic and reactive compensation. The performance of the adaptive shunt hybrid filter is verified by simulation and experimental studies under steady state and dynamic conditions. The results show that it is an effective, flexible and low rated hybrid filter configuration.
Integrated grid inverter with frequency control scheme for wind mill applicat...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
In modern society every sector needs continuous power on demand. To achieve this voltage,
current and frequency, these parameters of the power system should be at rated values. Because of
remote generation, transmission and distribution, we are failing to receive the reliable power. To
overcome this problem, the Distribution energy sources (DES) become more suitable solution. This
generated power from DES is supplied to local loads and this can be connected to the main grid
through the Micro-Grid (MG). Micro-grids will operate in two modes, A Grid-connected mode and in
an Islanded mode. During islanding mode, one Distributed Generation (DG) unit should share output
generation power with other unit in exact accordance with the load. Need to control Real and Reactive
power effectively for the load to operate without disturbance. Hence in the present work, Voltage
Source Inverter (VSI) and Proportional Integral Derivative(PID) controller in power conversion
process to get required real and reactive power for the normal operation of micro-grid. The proposed
method has been applied to a designed test Simulink model for different types of Grid connected and
Isolated modes. The simulation results obtained show that, this method can improves the reliability and
smooth operation of the micro-grid system.
Comparative Analysis of Different Controllers in Two–Area Hydrothermal Power ...IRJET Journal
This document compares the performance of different controllers for regulating frequency and power interchange in a two-area hydrothermal power system under step load disturbances. It summarizes the system model, describes several conventional controllers (PI, PID) and their tuning using Ziegler-Nichols methods. It also outlines an intelligent fuzzy logic controller with Mamdani fuzzy inference and describes its design and rule base. Simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller achieves better dynamic response and steady-state error than the conventional controllers.
Electronic Load Controller for Self Exited Induction Generator Using Fuzzy Lo...IOSR Journals
This document describes a simulation of an electronic load controller (ELC) for a self-excited induction generator (SEIG) using a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). SEIGs are well-suited for distributed generation but have variable voltage regulation that depends on load conditions. The proposed ELC uses a diode rectifier and IGBT chopper with a resistive dump load to maintain constant voltage and frequency at the SEIG terminals despite varying consumer load. A FLC is developed with error and change in error as inputs and duty cycle as the output to control the chopper. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink show the ELC with FLC maintains constant generator power, frequency and speed with changes in consumer load
Improved dynamic performances of multi area reheat thermal agc power systems ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Interleaved Boost Converter (ILBC) is a better converter between Photo Voltaic(PV) source and shunt active power filter. This paper deals with comparison of time domain outputs of PI and Fractional Order PID(FOPID) controlled ILBC fed shunt active filter in a grid connected PV system. The aim of this work is to minimize current ripple using ILBC between PV system and filter to improve the dynamic performance of shunt active filter. Closed loop monitored PI and FOPID systems are modeled, and the corresponding results are presented. MATLAB results of load voltage, current, converter voltage and currents with FOPID exhibits enhanced dynamic response. The proposed FOPID controlled ILBC Fed Shunt Active Filter system (ILBCFSAF) has advantages like low settling time, less peak over shoot and reduced steady state error in load voltage. The simulation results of ILBCSAF are compared with the corresponding hardware results.
DC Motor Speed Control for a Plant Based On PID Controllerpaperpublications3
Abstract: This paper aims is to design a controller for controlling the speed of DC motor .The effects of the controller on motor speed is analyzed .Automatic tuning of the controller is also introduce for efficient control of the process .The tuning is implemented using Ziegler Nichols method and results are compared with Variation in speed without controller.
This document summarizes a study that optimizes PID controller parameters for load frequency control in a four-area interconnected power system using particle swarm optimization. The four-area system includes thermal, thermal with reheat, hydro, and gas power plants. PID controllers are used for each area. Particle swarm optimization is used to minimize the integral of squared error performance index by optimizing the PID parameters. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate improved regulation of frequency deviations and tie-line power flows with the optimized PID controllers.
Parameter controlling of boiler in power plants using fuzzy logic controllereSAT Journals
Abstract Boilers are used industrially both for electric power generation and for supplying process stream in thermal power plants and its control is very important in many field applications. In some situation conventional PID control technique is being used for control purpose. These conventional controllers are not well suitable for some unusual conditions like load disturbances. Fuzzy logic control technique is being used to overcome these problems. A closed loop control system incorporating fuzzy logic has been developed for a class of industrial control systems. A unique fuzzy logic controller (FLC) structured with an efficient realization and a small rule base that can be easily implemented in existing industrial controllers. Fuzzy logic control system is much closer to human thinking and natural language than traditional control systems. This paper describes a fuzzy control technique and its implementation in boiler controls. Here a PIC microcontroller is being used where fuzzy control algorithm is implemented. Keywords: Fuzzy logic control, fuzzy logic controller, boiler controls, PIC microcontroller
IRJET- Stability Enhancement using Power System Stabilizer with Optimization ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that proposes using an optimization algorithm called Moth-Flame Optimization (MFO) to tune the parameters of a Power System Stabilizer (PSS) combined with a PID controller. The goal is to enhance power system stability. A Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system model is used to test the control strategy under different disturbances. Simulation results show the proposed PSS-PID controller with optimized parameters from MFO improves damping and stability compared to PSS with PI, PD, or PID controllers alone. The control method is verified using MATLAB/Simulink.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controller to improve the dynamic response of a three stage interleaved boost converter fed DC motor drive system compared to a traditional PI controller. The document provides background on issues with existing boost converter and DC motor drive systems. It then describes the proposed FOPID controlled three stage interleaved boost converter DC motor drive system and presents simulation results showing the FOPID controller provides better settling time and less steady state error than the PI controller.
This paper deals with implementation of a multi-output Series Resonant Inverter(SRI) for induction heating applications, which uses pulse density modulation(PDM) control for full bridge Series resonant inverters for output voltage and power control. It ensures better efficiency performances than conventional control strategies. The proposed converter can be considered as a two output extension of a full bridge inverter. This full bridge inverter can control the two outputs, simultaneously and independently, up to their rated powers, which reduces the usage of number of components as compared with conventional method. It also ensures higher utilization of switches used for its operation. A two output full bridge series resonant inverter is simulated and implemented. The Experimental results are compared with the simulation results.
Iaetsd design of fuzzy self-tuned load frequency controller for power systemIaetsd Iaetsd
This document describes a self-tuning fuzzy controller designed for load frequency control (LFC) in a multi-machine power system. Conventional PID gains are first obtained using ant colony system optimization. These gains are then used to design fuzzy controller gains to solve the LFC problem under different loading conditions and non-linearities like generation rate constraints. The proposed self-tuning fuzzy controller is tested on a practical thermal and hydel power system and shown to perform better than conventional integral and ACS-PID controllers in dealing with system uncertainties and changing operating conditions.
Improving Efficiency of Active Power Filter for Renewable Power Generation Sy...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a predictive control method and fuzzy logic control method to improve the efficiency of an active power filter for renewable power generation systems. The active power filter is implemented using a four-leg voltage-source inverter. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink show that the proposed control strategy is able to effectively compensate current harmonics, current imbalance, and reactive power under different operating conditions, maintaining sinusoidal current waveforms with low total harmonic distortion. Both steady state and transient responses are evaluated, demonstrating the compensation performance of the active power filter and control strategy.
IRJET- Load Frequency Control in Two Area Power Systems Integrated with S...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study comparing the performance of PID, Fuzzy-PID, and ANFIS controllers for load frequency control in a two-area power system integrated with a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) unit. Simulation results show that the ANFIS-PID controller provides the best dynamic response with the lowest overshoot and undershoot and fastest settling time for both frequency deviation and tie-line power deviation, both with and without the SMES unit. The addition of the SMES unit further improves the system performance for all three controllers by reducing initial deviations after load disturbances.
Automatic Generation Control of Two Equal Areas with Traditional ControllersIJPEDS-IAES
Automatic generation control (AGC) is major issue in power system whose main purpose is to maintain the frequency and tie line power flow during normal period in an interconnected system. Thus, It is the responsibility of the Power system engineers to ensure that adequate power is delivered to the load reliably and economically so that nominal condition will be re-established The main focus is to maintain the value of frequency in its prescribed limit. We use renewable source which are important as well as non renewable sources at the level of extinct. As renewable alone cannot reliable then we use interconnection of both for making the system reliable and more efficient. This research paper is devoted to explore the interconnection of the automatic generation control of hydro power system and wind system. The wind system is comprised with governor dead band, generation rate constraint and turbine dynamics where as the hydro system is comprised with generation rate constraint. The traditional PI controller does not have adequate control performance with the consideration of nonlinearities and turbine dynamics. To overcome this drawback, PID controllers helps in solving optimization problems by exploitation of random search. It will provide the system security also for maintain the frequency in prescribed limit with the help of simulation.
This document describes a digitized feedback loop for a DC-DC buck converter operating at 400kHz. A digital signal controller (dsPIC) is used to monitor the output voltage and provide PID control of the converter by modifying the pulse width of the digital PWM signal. Simulation results in Matlab/Simulink matched well with experimental results. The dsPIC implementation provided an efficient yet low-cost solution compared to using a DSP for digital control of the converter.
The document presents a STATCOM control scheme for improving power quality in a grid-connected wind energy generation system. A battery energy storage system is integrated with the STATCOM to help stabilize the grid during fluctuations in wind power. The control scheme is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Results show the STATCOM is able to maintain unity power factor at the point of common coupling, reducing harmonics to below 0.01% and frequency oscillations to less than 1%. This allows the system to meet power quality standards while supporting the wind generator and loads on the grid.
Current predictive controller for high frequency resonant inverter in inducti...IJECEIAES
This document discusses current predictive control for a high frequency resonant inverter used in induction heating applications. It begins with modeling the inductor-load system powered by the inverter. It then discusses generalized predictive control (GPC), including using a prediction model, minimizing a cost function to determine the optimal control signal, and applying the first value of the control signal sequence. Simulation results show the GPC controller provides accurate current tracking with fast response times and no overshoot, even when the reference current amplitude varies. The control is robust to parameter changes in the inductor-load system.
This paper explained details of Comparison of solar based closed loop DC -DC converter using PID and ANN Control for Shunt motor drive. Solar panel output is given to full bridge converter, stepup transformer, full wave converter, ∏ filter and Shunt motor drive are connected.Comparator compare the set value and the output signal of the motor produce a signal, based on the signal, full wave conveter produce the voltage to run the motor, Speed of motor,Torque and Armature current,Rise time,Peak time, Settling time and Steady state error are measured and evaluated by experimental.A circuit operation and simulation designed for a 1000 RPM speed of shunt motor arrived and tested.
1) The document proposes a hybrid renewable energy system using a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) driven by a wind turbine combined with photovoltaic (PV) panels.
2) A three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter is used to convert the rectified voltage from the grid or DC voltage from the PV panels to a variable frequency voltage to supply the DFIG rotor.
3) Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is used to extract maximum power from the PV panels and regulate the output voltage from the DFIG based on a vector control scheme using D-Q axis current control.
Comparative Study of Three Phase Grid Connected Photovoltaic Inverter Using P...IJPEDS-IAES
A comparative study of three phase grid connected photovoltaic (PV)
inverter using Proportional-Integral (PI) controller and Fuzzy logic controller
(FLC) is presented in this paper. Proposed three phase inverter with single DC
source employing three phase transformer for grid connected PV system
controlled by using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique.
PI and FLC are used as current controller for regulating the current. Perturb and
observe maximum power point technique (MPPT) is used for tracking of
maximum power from the PV panel. Finally total harmonic distortion (THD)
comparison made between two controllers for validation of results.
Furthermore swithing losses of inverter are also presented. The simulation
results are obtained using MATLAB simulink.
IRJET- An Investigative Study of Generator-Load Tie-Line Model of Speed Gover...IRJET Journal
This document presents an investigation of generator-load tie-line models for speed governing systems and an overview of conventional controller designs for load frequency control (LFC) of power systems. It describes the modeling of speed governing mechanisms, generator load models, and tie-line models for single-area and two-area power systems. Control strategies like proportional, proportional-integral, and proportional-integral-derivative controllers are analyzed for automatic load frequency control of interconnected power systems. The objectives of LFC are to maintain real power balance and desired power interchange between control areas by regulating frequency and tie-line power deviations.
Interleaved DC-DC converter with coupled inductor is used in standalone Photovoltaic, battery charger/discharger application. The main issue of the Interleaved DC-DC converter is that, it does not provide constant output voltage for a change in input voltage. Therefore, the converter efficiency is reduced. Hence to overcome this drawback, proper controller has to be used. In this paper, different control techniques such as PI, PID and Fuzzy logic controller are used. The simulation results of all three controllers were done using MATLAB/Simulink and compared. Fuzzy logic controller provides better regulated output voltage with less settling time of 0.04sec.
Similar to A Fuzzy PID Controller for Induction Heating Systems with LLC Voltage Source Inverter (20)
The aim of this research is the speed tracking of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) using an intelligent Neural-Network based adapative backstepping control. First, the model of PMSM in the Park synchronous frame is derived. Then, the PMSM speed regulation is investigated using the classical method utilizing the field oriented control theory. Thereafter, a robust nonlinear controller employing an adaptive backstepping strategy is investigated in order to achieve a good performance tracking objective under motor parameters changing and external load torque application. In the final step, a neural network estimator is integrated with the adaptive controller to estimate the motor parameters values and the load disturbance value for enhancing the effectiveness of the adaptive backstepping controller. The robsutness of the presented control algorithm is demonstrated using simulation tests. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that the presented NN-adaptive control algorithm can provide good trackingperformances for the speed trackingin the presence of motor parameter variation and load application.
The document presents a new method for fault classification and direction discrimination in transmission lines using 1D convolutional neural networks (1D-CNNs). A 132kV transmission line model is simulated to generate training and testing data for the 1D-CNN algorithm. The proposed 1D-CNN approach directly uses the voltage and current signals from one end as input, merging feature extraction and classification into a single learning process. Testing shows the 1D-CNN method accurately classifies and discriminates fault direction with higher accuracy than conventional neural network and fuzzy neural network methods under different fault conditions.
Among the most widespread renewable energy sources is solar energy; Solar panels offer a green, clean, and environmentally friendly source of energy. In the presence of several advantages of the use of photovoltaic systems, the random operation of the photovoltaic generator presents a great challenge, in the presence of a critical load. Among the most used solutions to overcome this problem is the combination of solar panels with generators or with the public grid or both. In this paper, an energy management strategy is proposed with a safety aspect by using artificial neural networks (ANNs), in order to ensure a continuous supply of electricity to consumers with a maximum solicitation of renewable energy.
In this paper, the artificial neural network (ANN) has been utilized for rotating machinery faults detection and classification. First, experiments were performed to measure the lateral vibration signals of laboratory test rigs for rotor-disk-blade when the blades are defective. A rotor-disk-blade system with 6 regular blades and 5 blades with various defects was constructed. Second, the ANN was applied to classify the different x- and y-axis lateral vibrations due to different blade faults. The results based on training and testing with different data samples of the fault types indicate that the ANN is robust and can effectively identify and distinguish different blade faults caused by lateral vibrations in a rotor. As compared to the literature, the present paper presents a novel work of identifying and classifying various rotating blade faults commonly encountered in rotating machines using ANN. Experimental data of lateral vibrations of the rotor-disk-blade system in both x- and y-directions are used for the training and testing of the network.
This paper focuses on the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm, which is a nonlinear optimization problem. is proposed to find the optimal power flow (OPF). To solve this problem, we will apply the ABC algorithm to a power system incorporating wind power. The proposed approach is applied on a standard IEEE-30 system with wind farms located on different buses and with different penetration levels to show the impact of wind farms on the system in order to obtain the optimal settings of control variables of the OPF problem. Based on technical results obtained, the ABC algorithm is shown to achieve a lower cost and losses than the other methods applied, while incorporating wind power into the system, high performance would be gained.
The significance of the solar energy is to intensify the effectiveness of the Solar Panel with the use of a primordial solar tracking system. Here we propounded a solar positioning system with the use of the global positioning system (GPS) , artificial neural network (ANN) and image processing (IP) . The azimuth angle of the sun is evaluated using GPS which provide latitude, date, longitude and time. The image processing used to find sun image through which centroid of sun is calculated and finally by comparing the centroid of sun with GPS quadrate to achieve optimum tracking point. Weather conditions and situation observed through AI decision making with the help of IP algorithms. The presented advance adaptation is analyzed and established via experimental effects which might be made available on the memory of the cloud carrier for systematization. The proposed system improve power gain by 59.21% and 10.32% compare to stable system (SS) and two-axis solar following system (TASF) respectively. The reduced tracking error of IoT based Two-axis solar following system (IoT-TASF) reduces their azimuth angle error by 0.20 degree.
Kosovo has limited renewable energy resources and its power generation sector is based on fossil fuels. Such a situation emphasizes the importance of active research and efficient use of renewable energy potential. According to the analysis of meteorological data for Kosovo, it can be concluded that among the most attractive potential wind power sites are the locations known as Kitka (42° 29' 41" N and 21° 36' 45" E) and Koznica (42° 39′ 32″ N, 21° 22′30″E). The two terrains in which the analysis was carried out are mountain areas, with altitudes of 1142 m (Kitka) and 1230 m (Koznica). the same measuring height, about 84 m above the ground, is obtained for these average wind speeds: Kitka 6,667 m/s and Koznica 6,16 m/s. Since the difference in wind speed is quite large versus a difference in altitude that is not being very large, analyses are made regarding the terrain characteristics including the terrain relief features. In this paper it will be studied how much the roughness of the terrain influences the output energy. Also, that the assumption to be taken the same as to how much they will affect the annual energy produced.
The document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a battery energy storage system (BESS) with droop control to reduce frequency fluctuations in a multi-machine power system connected to a large-scale photovoltaic (PV) plant. The paper develops a droop control strategy for the BESS that incorporates a frequency error signal and dead-band. Simulation results using PSCAD/EMTDC software show that the proposed droop control-based BESS can efficiently curtail frequency oscillations caused by fluctuations in PV power injection due to changing solar irradiance.
This study investigates experimentally the performance of two-dimensional solar tracking systems with reflector using commercial silicon based photovoltaic module, with open and closed loop control systems. Different reflector materials were also investigated. The experiments were performed at the Hashemite University campus in Zarqa at a latitude of 32⁰, in February and March. Photovoltaic output power and performance were analyzed. It was found that the modified photovoltaic module with mirror reflector generated the highest value of power, while the temperature reached a maximum value of 53 ̊ C. The modified module suggested in this study produced 5% more PV power than the two-dimensional solar tracking systems without reflector and produced 12.5% more PV power than the fixed PV module with 26⁰ tilt angle.
This paper focuses on the modeling and control of a wind energy conversion chain using a permanent magnet synchronous machine. This system behaves a turbine, a generator, DC/DC and DC/AC power converters. These are connected on both sides to the DC bus, where the inverter is followed by a filter which is connected to the grid. In this paper, we have been used two types of controllers. For the stator side converter, we consider the Takagi-Sugeno approach where the parameters of controller have been computed by the theory of linear matrix inequalities. The stability synthesis has been checked using the Lyapunov theory. According to the grid side converter, the proportional integral controller is exploited to keep a constant voltage on the DC bus and control both types of powers. The simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the approach used.
The development of modeling wind speed plays a very important in helping to obtain the actual wind speed data for the benefit of the power plant planning in the future. The wind speed in this paper is obtained from a PCE-FWS 20 type measuring instrument with a duration of 30 minutes which is accumulated into monthly data for one year (2019). Despite the many wind speed modeling that has been done by researchers. Modeling wind speeds proposed in this study were obtained from the modified Rayleigh distribution. In this study, the Rayleigh scale factor (Cr) and modified Rayleigh scale factor (Cm) were calculated. The observed wind speed is compared with the predicted wind characteristics. The data fit test used correlation coefficient (R2), root means square error (RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The results of the proposed modified Rayleigh model provide very good results for users.
This paper deals with an advanced design for a pump powered by solar energyto supply agricultural lands with water and also the maximum power point is used to extract the maximum value of the energy available inside the solar panels and comparing between techniques MPPT such as Incremental conductance, perturb & observe, fractional short current circuit, and fractional open voltage circuit to find the best technique among these. The solar system is designed with main parts: photovoltaic (PV) panel, direct current/direct current (DC/DC) converter, inverter, filter, and in addition, the battery is used to save energy in the event that there is an increased demand for energy and not to provide solar radiation, as well as saving energy in the case of generation more than demand. This work was done using the matrix laboratory (MATLAB) simulink program.
The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of renewable energy resources in Bangladesh, as well as to examine various forms of renewable energies in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of how to address Bangladesh's power crisis issues in a sustainable manner. Electricity is currently the most useful kind of energy in Bangladesh. It has a substantial influence on a country's socioeconomic standing and living standards. Maintaining a stable source of energy at a cost that is affordable to everyone has been a constant battle for decades. Bangladesh is blessed with a wealth of natural resources. Bangladesh has a huge opportunity to accelerate its economic development while increasing energy access, livelihoods, and health for millions of people in a sustainable way due to the renewable energy system.
When the irradiance distribution over the photovoltaic panels is uniform, the pursuit of the maximum power point is not reached, which has allowed several researchers to use traditional MPPT techniques to solve this problem Among these techniques a PSO algorithm is used to have the maximum global power point (GMPPT) under partial shading. On the other hand, this one is not reliable vis-à-vis the pursuit of the MPPT. Therefore, in this paper we have treated another technique based on a new modified PSO algorithm so that the power can reach its maximum point. The PSO algorithm is based on the heuristic method which guarantees not only the obtaining of MPPT but also the simplicity of control and less expensive of the system. The results are obtained using MATLAB show that the proposed modified PSO algorithm performs better than conventional PSO and is robust to different partial shading models.
A stable operation of wind turbines connected to the grid is an essential requirement to ensure the reliability and stability of the power system. To achieve such operational objective, installing static synchronous compensator static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) as a main compensation device guarantees the voltage stability enhancement of the wind farm connected to distribution network at different operating scenarios. STATCOM either supplies or absorbs reactive power in order to ensure the voltage profile within the standard-margins and to avoid turbine tripping, accordingly. This paper present new study that investigates the most suitable-location to install STATCOM in a distribution system connected wind farm to maintain the voltage-levels within the stability margins. For a large-scale squirrel cage induction generator squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG-based) wind turbine system, the impact of STATCOM installation was tested in different places and voltage-levels in the distribution system. The proposed method effectiveness in enhancing the voltage profile and balancing the reactive power is validated, the results were repeated for different scenarios of expected contingencies. The voltage profile, power flow, and reactive power balance of the distribution system are observed using MATLAB/Simulink software.
The electrical and environmental parameters of polymer solar cells (PSC) provide important information on their performance. In the present article we study the influence of temperature on the voltage-current (I-V) characteristic at different temperatures from 10 °C to 90 °C, and important parameters like bandgap energy Eg, and the energy conversion efficiency η. The one-diode electrical model, normally used for semiconductor cells, has been tested and validated for the polemeral junction. The PSC used in our study are formed by the poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Our technique is based on the combination of two steps; the first use the Least Mean Squares (LMS) method while the second use the Newton-Raphson algorithm. The found results are compared to other recently published works, they show that the developed approach is very accurate. This precision is proved by the minimal values of statistical errors (RMSE) and the good agreement between both the experimental data and the I-V simulated curves. The obtained results show a clear and a monotonic dependence of the cell efficiency on the studied parameters.
The inverter is the principal part of the photovoltaic (PV) systems that assures the direct current/alternating current (DC/AC) conversion (PV array is connected directly to an inverter that converts the DC energy produced by the PV array into AC energy that is directly connected to the electric utility). In this paper, we present a simple method for detecting faults that occurred during the operation of the inverter. These types of faults or faults affect the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the photovoltaic system, especially the inverter, which is the main component responsible for the conversion. Hence, we have shown first the faults obtained in the case of the short circuit. Second, the open circuit failure is studied. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method. Good monitoring and detection of faults in the inverter can increase the system's reliability and decrease the undesirable faults that appeared in the PV system. The system behavior is tested under variable parameters and conditions using MATLAB/Simulink.
The document describes a proposed modified bridge-type nonsuperconducting fault current limiter (NSFCL) for distribution networks. The NSFCL consists of a bridge rectifier, two DC reactors (one small in series and one large in parallel), and an IGBT semiconductor switch controlled by a command circuit. During normal operation, the IGBT is on and the parallel reactor is bypassed, making the NSFCL invisible. During a fault, the IGBT turns off, inserting the parallel reactor to limit fault current. Simulation results showed the design effectively limits fault current while minimally affecting normal operation.
This paper provides a new approach to reducing high-order harmonics in 400 Hz inverter using a three-level neutral-point clamped (NPC) converter. A voltage control loop using the harmonic compensation combined with NPC clamping diode control technology. The capacitor voltage imbalance also causes harmonics in the output voltage. For 400 Hz inverter, maintain a balanced voltage between the two input (direct current) (DC) capacitors is difficult because the pulse width modulation (PWM) modulation frequency ratio is low compared to the frequency of the output voltage. A method of determining the current flowing into the capacitor to control the voltage on the two balanced capacitors to ensure fast response reversal is also given in this paper. The combination of a high-harmonic resonator controller and a neutral-point voltage controller working together on the 400 Hz NPC inverter structure is given in this paper.
Direct current (DC) electronic load is a useful equipment for testing the electrical system. It can emulate various load at a high rating. The electronic load requires a power converter to operate and a linear regulator is a common option. Nonetheless, it is hard to control due to the temperature variation. This paper proposed a DC electronic load using the boost converter. The proposed electronic load operates in the continuous current mode and control using the integral controller. The electronic load using the boost converter is compared with the electronic load using the linear regulator. The results show that the boost converter able to operate as an electronic load with an error lower than 0.5% and response time lower than 13 ms.
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https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
2. IJPEDS ISSN: 2088-8694
A Fuzzy PID Controller for Induction Heating Systems with LLC Voltage Source .... (Arijit Chakrabarti)
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alternating current (AC) to the direct current (DC). This direct current gets filtered by the DC link circuit and
is fed to the voltage source inverter with resonant parallel load (LLC) [6]. The induction coil produces an
alternating magnetic field from high-frequency current of the inverter and the field induces eddy currents and
causes hysteresis effect to heat up the workpiece. At the inverter output, a matching inductance can be used
to achieve the maximum transfer of the power from the power supply to the workpiece.
Figure 1. Typical induction heating system
The equivalent circuit of the induction coil and heated workpiece (with inductance Lb and resistance
Rb) in parallel with the compensation capacitor C comprise the parallel resonant load. A matching inductor of
inductance La and resistance Ra is added to the inverter output for maximizing the power transfer to the
induction coil.
The control system will handle the operation of the induction coil in parallel with a compensation
capacitor at the desired resonant frequency, so the current through the induction coil will be sinusoidal. The
parallel resonant circuit is damped when the workpiece is inserted into the induction coil by introducing
additional losses into the system and increasing the current drawn from the inverter. To ensure zero-current
switching, the switching frequency of the inverter is kept slightly higher than the resonant frequency of the
equivalent circuit consisting of induction coil-workpiece in parallel with the resonant capacitor.
This paper focuses on designing and tuning of a Fuzzy PID controller to control the power
transferred to a workpiece in the induction heating system through a voltage source resonant inverter. The
specification mentioned in Table 1 has been considered to design the controller.
Table 1. Design Specification
Parameters Symbol Value
DC-link resistance Rd 0.1 (Ω)
Inductance of the DC-link circuit Ld 0.1 (mH)
Capacitance of the DC-link circuit Cd 2000 (µF)
Equivalent resistance of the matching inductor circuit Ra 0.1 (Ω)
Equivalent inductance of the matching inductor circuit La 45 (µH)
Equivalent resistance of the induction coil Rb 12 (Ω)
Equivalent inductance of the induction coil Lb 47 (µH)
Capacitance of the resonant capacitor C 0.6 (µF)
Resonant frequency fr 32500 (Hz)
Switching frequency fs 34000 (Hz)
Input voltage V 230 (V)
The design specification mentioned in Table I, has resulted in the transfer function of the system [7]
given by Equation 1. The transfer function in Equation 1 supplies the system information needed to design
the control strategy.
314
.
0
10
044
.
2
10
126
.
9
10
835
.
2
10
826
.
2
5
.
621
4
2
8
3
11
4
17
s
s
s
s
s
P
(1)
3. DESIGN AND TUNING OF THE CONTROLLERS
3.1. Designing PID Controller
The Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is a feedback controller, which controls the
induction heating system (plant) through a weighted sum of the error (difference between the output and the
desired set point [8]. Figure 2 represents a typical PID controller. It is widely used to enhance the dynamic
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1170
response and reduce the steady state error. A PID controller consists of the Proportional, Integral and
Derivative controls. The PID controller is applied to the induction heating system and is used to control the
load power of the induction heating system.
Figure 2. Block diagram of the conventional PID controller
Implementation of such PID controller is usually done through following Equation:
t
D
I
P
pid
dt
t
de
K
dt
t
e
K
t
e
K
t
u
0
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
( (2)
Here, KP, KI, KD are the proportional, integral and derivative gains of the controller. To design the PID
controller, a set of gains (KP, KI, KD) are found that improves the transient response of a system by overshoot
reduction and reduction in settling time. The pid tuning functionality of MATLAB/SIMULINK has been
used here to tune the PID controller and the parameters (KP, KI, KD) are adjusted using the tool until a desired
set of values are found. Table 3 indicates the values obtained through simulation.
3.2. Designing Fuzzy PID Controller
An effective feedback control mechanism can be implemented for the induction heating system
using Fuzzy logic. The Fuzzy tuner will tune the coefficients of conventional PID controller to accomplish
the Fuzzy PID controller. It comprises a fuzzification interface, a knowledge base, decision making logic and
a defuzzification interface. Its numerical input values are converted into fuzzy values along with the rule base
that are fed into the inference engine to produce the control values. The fuzzifier performs measurement of
input variables, scale mapping and fuzzification. In fuzzy rule base, different rules are defined as per the
problem requirements. The control values are converted to numerical output values using the defuzzifier.
Figure 3 shows the block diagram of the proposed fuzzy logic based PID controller which modifies the
induction heating power output by optimum fuzzy logic tuning. In this case the controller uses two
dimensional fuzzy controller models.
Figure 3. Block diagram of the Fuzzy PID controller
4. IJPEDS ISSN: 2088-8694
A Fuzzy PID Controller for Induction Heating Systems with LLC Voltage Source .... (Arijit Chakrabarti)
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The fuzzy tuning unit will process two input variables and will generate three output variables to
achieve the desired level of control. The error (e) and error change rate (ec = de/dt) are the two input
variables. Error is the difference between the reference set point and the output, whereas error change rate
(ec) is the difference between the error at time t and (t-1). The three outputs variables (ΔKP, ΔKI, ΔKD) will
tune the proportional, integral and derivative gains (KP, KI, KD) of the PID controller. All the variables are
divided into fuzzy sets [9]. Triangular membership function has been considered for this research work. The
fuzzy PID control can be expressed as Equation 3:
k
j
D
I
P
fpid k
e
k
e
K
j
e
K
k
e
K
k
y
0
)
1
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
(3)
Also,
P
P
P K
K
K
0 (4)
I
I
I K
K
K
0 (5)
D
D
D K
K
K
0 (6)
ec
e
f
KP ,
1
(7)
ec
e
f
KI ,
2
(8)
ec
e
f
KD ,
3
(9)
KP0, KI0, KD0 are the initial values of PID controller and (ΔKP, ΔKI, ΔKD) are the self-tuned PID
parameters achieved through fuzzy reasoning. The universe of discourse of each input variable is divided into
five overlapping fuzzy sets: Negative Big (NB), Negative Small (NS), Zero Error (ZE), Positive Small (PS)
and Positive Big (PB). The fuzzy subset is e = ec = {NB, NS, ZE, PS, PB}. The grade of membership
distribution for error (e) and error change rate (ec) are given in Figures 4(a) & 4(b).
(a) (b)
Figure 4. Membership functions: (a) for error e , (b) for error change rate ec
Figure 5. Membership function for ΔKP, ΔKI, ΔKD
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The universe of discourse of each output variable (ΔKP, ΔKI, ΔKD) is divided into five overlapping fuzzy
sets: Small (S), Medium Small (MS), Medium (M), Medium Big (MB), Big (B) as shown in Figure 5 with
the fuzzy subset {S, MS, M, MB, B}. The rule base is based on a set of linguistic IF-THEN rules having two
antecedences and one consequence, as expressed in the following form:
Ri,j,k : IF e=Ai and Δe=Bj THEN u=Ck
where 1 ≤ i ≤ 5, 1 ≤ j ≤ 5, 1 ≤ k ≤ 5. It generates 25 IF-THEN rules and the set is represented as a matrix,
called a fuzzy rule matrix, as shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Fuzzy Rules
ec
e
NB NS ZE PS PB
NB S S MS MS M
NS S MS MS M MB
ZE MS MS M MB MB
PS MS M MB MB B
PB M MB MB B B
The decision-making output calculated by the center of gravity (COG) method of defuzzification. In this
method the weighted average of the membership function or the center of gravity of the area bounded by the
membership function curve is computed as the most typical crisp value of the union of all output fuzzy sets:
dy
y
dy
y
y
y
A
A
c
)
(
)
(
Here y is the output variable and A
the membership function. The fuzzy toolbox of MATLAB has been
used to design the fuzzy inference. The proposed fuzzy logic tuner uses Mamdani’s fuzzy inference method.
This controller has the advantage of driving the load at its resonance frequency, any change in resonance
frequency will affect output power. The system performance is indicated by the performance indices as
defined [10]:
a. Integral Squared Error (ISE)
0
2
)
( dt
t
e
b. Integral Absolute Error (IAE)
0
|
)
(
| dt
t
e
c. Integral Time-weighted Squared Error (ITSE)
0
2
)
( dt
t
te
d. Integral Time-weighted Absolute Error (ITAE)
0
|
)
(
| dt
t
e
t
6. IJPEDS ISSN: 2088-8694
A Fuzzy PID Controller for Induction Heating Systems with LLC Voltage Source .... (Arijit Chakrabarti)
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4. SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The performance of the closed loop induction heating system with Fuzzy PID controller has been
studied and compared with that of the conventional PID controller. Simulation has been done using the
design specification mentioned in Table 1. The controllers have been designed using MATLAB/ SIMULINK
blocks and the sets of gains (KP, KI, KD) are determined through simulation. Table 3 provides the controller
gains for conventional PID and Fuzzy PID controllers.
Table 3. Controller gains
Controller KP KI KD
PID 0.59×10-4
7.00×10-1
0.20×10-6
Fuzzy PID 1.29×10-5
1.98×10-2
1.05×10-8
Figure 6 displays the step response for the given induction heating system with PID controller, whereas
Figure 7 displays the step response with Fuzzy PID controller implementation.
Figure 6. Step response of the induction heating system with conventional PID controller implementation
Figure 7. Step response of the induction heating system with Fuzzy PID controller implementation
The corresponding performance parameters such as rise time, settling time and overshoot are listed in
Table 4. The performance indices of the controllers are mentioned in Table 5.
Table 4. Performance Parameters for the Controllers
Controller Rise Time tr (sec) Settling Time ts (sec) Overshoot Mp (%)
PID 0.0016 0.0061 16.17
Fuzzy PID 0.0559 0.0997 0
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Table 5. ISE, IAE, ITSE, ITAE for the Controllers
Controller ISE IAE ITSE ITAE
PID 1.518×10-2
1.458×10-2
2.518×10-2
3.458×10-2
Fuzzy PID 1.276×10-4
2.556×10-4
1.291×10-4
2.615×10-4
From Table 4, we understand that the conventional PID results in 16.17% overshoot, while Fuzzy PID
controller has reduced the overshoot to zero. The rise time and settling time of the conventional PID
controller seem to have better values though.
5. CONCLUSION
This paper describes the concept of a Fuzzy self-tuning PID controller to control the output power of
an induction heating system with LLC Voltage Source Inverter. Its performance has been analyzed and
compared with that of a conventional PID controller. Study shows that conventional PID controller results in
higher overshoot, whereas the Fuzzy PID controller reduces the overshoot to zero and it also results in
smaller ISE, IAE, ITSE, ITAE values. The reported work presents a systematic approach, which can be
easily extended to other inverter topologies. Further analysis can be performed to study the feasibility of
designing PID controllers using evolutionary algorithms for such induction heating systems.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Authors are thankful to the UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION, Bahadurshah Zafar Marg,
New Delhi, India for granting financial support under Major Research Project entitled “Simulation of high
frequency mirror inverter for energy efficient induction heated cooking oven using PSPICE” and also
grateful to the Under Secretary and Joint Secretary of UGC, India for their active co-operation.
REFERENCES
[1] O. Lucia, et al., “Induction Heating Technology and its Applications: Past Developments, Current Technology, and
Future Challenges,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol/issue: 61(5), pp. 2509-2520, 2013.
[2] A. Chakraborty, et al., “Behaviour of a High Frequency Parallel Quasi Resonant Inverter Fitted Induction Heater
with Different Switching Frequencies,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE),
vol/issue: 6(2), pp. 447-457, 2016.
[3] A. Chakraborty, et al., “Harmonics Reduction in a Current Source Fed Quasi-Resonant Inverter Based Induction
Heater,” International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System, vol/issue: 7(2), pp. 431-439, 2016.
[4] D. Lenine, et al., “Performance Evaluation of Fuzzy and PI Controller for Boost Converter with Active PFC,”
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS), vol/issue: 2(4), pp. 445-453, 2012.
[5] V. Arikatla and A. Qahouq, “Adaptive digital proportional-integral-derivative controller for power converters,”
Power Electronics, IET, vol. 5, pp. 341-348, 2012.
[6] M. Popescu and A. Bitoleanu, “Power Control System Design in Induction Heating with Resonant Voltage
Inverter,” Journal of Automation and Control Engineering, vol/issue: 2(2), pp. 195-198, 2014.
[7] O. Ibrahim, et al., “PID Controller Response to Set-Point Change in DC-DC Converter Control,” International
Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS), vol/issue: 7(2), pp. 294-302, 2016.
[8] X. Yang, et al., “Simulation and Implementation of Adaptive Fuzzy PID,” Journal of Networks, vol/issue: 9(10),
pp. 2574-2581, 2014.
[9] J. M. E. Huerta, et al., “Design of the L-LC resonant inverter for induction heating based on its equivalent SRI,”
IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol/issue: 54(6), pp. 3178-3187, 2007.
[10] P. K. Mohantya, et al., “Tuning and Assessment of Proportional–Integral–Derivative Controller for an Automatic
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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS
Arijit Chakrabarti received his M.Tech. degree in Radio Physics & Electronics from the
Institute of Radio Physics and Electronics, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India. He is
currently working as a Consultant in IBM India Private Limited. His research interest includes
Power Electronics, Adaptive Control, Renewable Energy, Cognitive Solutions, Artificial
Intelligence, Machine Learning, IoT.
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Pradip Kumar Sadhu received his B.E., M.E. and Ph.D. (Engineering) degrees in Electrical
Engineering from Jadavpur University, West Bengal, India. He is presently working as a
Professor and as the Head of the Department of Electrical Engineering of Indian Institute of
Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India. He has total 30 years of experience
including 18 years of teaching, research and 12 years in the industry. He has four granted
patents. In addition, he has twenty seven patents that are under process. He has several journal
and conference publications at national and international levels. He is a principal investigator of
few Govt. funded projects. His current research interest includes power electronics applications,
application of high frequency converter, energy efficient devices, energy efficient drives,
computer aided power system analysis, condition monitoring, lighting and communication
systems for underground coal mines.
Avijit Chakraborty received his B.Tech. and M.Tech. degrees in Electrical Engineering from
the University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India. He is presently working as an Assistant Professor
and the Head of the Department of Electrical Engineering at Saroj Mohan Institute of
Technology, West Bengal, India. In addition, he is doing his doctoral work in the Department of
Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India. His research
interest includes Power Electronics, Electrical Machines, Power System, High Frequency Power
Electronic Converters, Electric Drives.
Palash Pal received his Bachelor Degree in Electrical Engineering from West Bengal University
of Technology, West Bengal, India in 2006 and Post-Graduate Degree (Gold Medalist) in 2009
from the same University. He has completed his Ph.D. Degree in 2016 from Indian Institute of
Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India. He is currently working as
Principal in a Govt. Aided Institute, Dumka, Jharkhand, India (Estd. by Govt. of Jharkhand &
Run by Techno India Under PPP). He has total experience of 10 years in teaching. He has two
Patents. He has several journal and conference publications at national and international levels.
His research areas are power electronics, induction heating, high frequency converters, high
frequency heating, control systems and power systems.