PROFINET is gradually becoming the network of choice for the automation industry in the UK. Whilst easy to set up and configure, it is essential that some form of installation and operational qualification of the network takes place to ensure a long life of trouble-free operation. This presentation will discuss the issues, the tools available and the criteria that the networks must meet.
Like its predecessor PROFIBUS, PROFINET is a diagnostic-rich protocol allowing your support team to quickly identify the source of device-related problems. This however is of limited use if the underlying performance of your network is poor. PROFINET networks are often seen as the plug and play solution for industrial networks, giving you the impression that successful completion of your application-specific testing is a guarantee that your network is working efficiently and without errors. This is fundamentally wrong and needs to be considered at the design stage as well as the acceptance stage of a project. This presentation will discuss the issues, how to address them and give typical examples of the equipment required.
Like its predecessor PROFIBUS, PROFINET is a diagnostic-rich protocol allowing your support team to quickly identify the source of device-related problems. This however is of limited use if the underlying performance of your network is poor. PROFINET networks are often seen as the plug and play solution for industrial networks, giving you the impression that successful completion of your application-specific testing is a guarantee that your network is working efficiently and without errors. This is fundamentally wrong and needs to be considered at the design stage as well as the acceptance stage of a project. This presentation will discuss the issues, how to address them and give typical examples of the equipment required.
The CMOS VLSI DESIGN PPT had the complete vision on VLSI Design styles in chip fabrication. It can give a good amount of knowledge to the students who needs VLSI Design
Analytical Modeling of Tunneling Field Effect Transistor (TFET)Abu Obayda
Tunneling Field-Effect Transistor (TFET) has emerged as an alternative for conventional CMOS by enabling the supply voltage, VDD, scaling in ultra-low power, energy efficient computing, due to its sub-60 mV/decade sub-threshold slope (SS). Given its unique device characteristics such as the asymmetrical source/drain design induced unidirectional conduction, enhanced on-state Miller capacitance effect and steep switching at low voltages, TFET based circuit design requires strong interactions between the device-level and the circuit-level to explore the performance benefits, with certain modifications of the conventional CMOS circuits to achieve the functionality and optimal energy efficiency. Because TFET operates at low supply voltage range (VDD<0.5V) to outperform CMOS, reliability issues can have profound impact on the circuit design from the practical application perspective. In this thesis report, we have analyzed the drain current characteristics of TFET with respect channel length. From our simulation result, it is observed that the drain current is minimum with respect to increasing channel length for Si and the drain current decreases for all the materials when the channel length is increased and after normalization lowest value of drain current is got for 10nm channel length.
CMOS FABRICATION
For less power dissipation requirement CMOS technology is used for implementing transistors. If we require a faster circuit then transistors are implemented over IC using BJT . Fabrication of CMOS transistors as IC’s can be done in three different methods.
The N-well / P-well technology, where n-type diffusion is done over a p-type substrate or p-type diffusion is done over n-type substrate respectively.
P-WELL PROCESS
The fabrication steps of p well process are same as that of an n-well process except that instead of n-well a p-well is implanted . The process steps involved in p-well process are shown in Figure below. The process starts with the n type substrate
Robert Phillips is a product designer and tutor at Brunel University. He is a PhD candidate researching open design and citizen science.
http://www.rdphillips.co.uk/132772/1836116/projects/bee-lab-citizen-science-project
A durable and flexible display with low-power consumption, high-contrast ratio, has been a technical challenge for years. They have to be lightweight, rugged, and in some cases, conformal, wearable, rollable and unbreakable. The recent successful integration of flexible display technologies and the traditional web-based processing and/or inkjet technologies has opened up the possibility of low cost and high throughput roll-to-roll manufacturing and has shown the potential to replace the paper used today.
Introduction of testing and verification of vlsi designUsha Mehta
This slides are introductory slides for the course testing and verification of VLSI Design which cover the basics of Why, Where, When and How of VLSI design testing
Tesla Model 3 Inverter with SiC Power Module from STMicroelectronicssystem_plus
The first SiC power module in commercialized electric vehicles.
More information on that report at: http://www.systemplus.fr/reverse-costing-reports/tesla-model-3-inverter-with-sic-power-module-from-stmicroelectronics/
This ppt is about full adder design using pass transistor logic. This circuit describe power reduction using proposed cell as standard element in technology library design for ultra low power. we provide guidance to m.tech students in thier final year research projects. We assist on IEEE projects to M.tech or PhD students. Students can contact us for VLSI Projects, Antenna Projects, MATLAB Projects
PROFINET is a member of a family providing industrial communications over Ethernet.
PROFINET is:
completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).
High speed, operating at 100Mbit/s or faster over copper or fibre-optic cables,
makes use of existing IT standards. But, is “real-time” and deterministic,
PROFINET is very well thought out to incorporate all the requirements of automation and control systems.
PROFINET is totally compatible with PROFIBUS but is NOT PROFIBUS over Ethernet.
PROFINET wiring is quite different to PROFIBUS
PROFIBUS:
Uses multi-drop segments with many devices on one cable. Segments are separated by repeaters.
Two-core screened twisted pair cable.
Termination is in the hands of the user – many problems arise because of this.
PROFINET :
Multi-drop connection is not used; all cables connect just two devices together. Switches are used for branching to devices.
Four-core screened twisted pair cable.
Termination is provided within every Ethernet device; no longer in the hands of the user – should eliminate termination problems.
PROFINET – Commissioning Guideline
This is one of several free-to-download guidelines documents from PNO (PROFIBUS and PROFINET User Organisation).
It provides guidance on how to verify the installation aspects of the network as well as how to commission the live system.
These tests are additional to the application-specific, System Acceptance Testing that would usually be performed.
Failure to follow these guidelines puts you at risk of having your application tests pass without a detailed knowledge of the underlying performance of your network
Take a walk through the process of certifying a new PROFINET (or any other industrial Ethernet) against the standards and see how easy it can be, then look at a few gotchas that can easily be avoided by careful planning. Learn how to simplify the process of testing both cabling and networks in Industrial Ethernet networks that utilise the PROFINET protocol, how to prevent network failures and resolve cable and network issues faster.
The CMOS VLSI DESIGN PPT had the complete vision on VLSI Design styles in chip fabrication. It can give a good amount of knowledge to the students who needs VLSI Design
Analytical Modeling of Tunneling Field Effect Transistor (TFET)Abu Obayda
Tunneling Field-Effect Transistor (TFET) has emerged as an alternative for conventional CMOS by enabling the supply voltage, VDD, scaling in ultra-low power, energy efficient computing, due to its sub-60 mV/decade sub-threshold slope (SS). Given its unique device characteristics such as the asymmetrical source/drain design induced unidirectional conduction, enhanced on-state Miller capacitance effect and steep switching at low voltages, TFET based circuit design requires strong interactions between the device-level and the circuit-level to explore the performance benefits, with certain modifications of the conventional CMOS circuits to achieve the functionality and optimal energy efficiency. Because TFET operates at low supply voltage range (VDD<0.5V) to outperform CMOS, reliability issues can have profound impact on the circuit design from the practical application perspective. In this thesis report, we have analyzed the drain current characteristics of TFET with respect channel length. From our simulation result, it is observed that the drain current is minimum with respect to increasing channel length for Si and the drain current decreases for all the materials when the channel length is increased and after normalization lowest value of drain current is got for 10nm channel length.
CMOS FABRICATION
For less power dissipation requirement CMOS technology is used for implementing transistors. If we require a faster circuit then transistors are implemented over IC using BJT . Fabrication of CMOS transistors as IC’s can be done in three different methods.
The N-well / P-well technology, where n-type diffusion is done over a p-type substrate or p-type diffusion is done over n-type substrate respectively.
P-WELL PROCESS
The fabrication steps of p well process are same as that of an n-well process except that instead of n-well a p-well is implanted . The process steps involved in p-well process are shown in Figure below. The process starts with the n type substrate
Robert Phillips is a product designer and tutor at Brunel University. He is a PhD candidate researching open design and citizen science.
http://www.rdphillips.co.uk/132772/1836116/projects/bee-lab-citizen-science-project
A durable and flexible display with low-power consumption, high-contrast ratio, has been a technical challenge for years. They have to be lightweight, rugged, and in some cases, conformal, wearable, rollable and unbreakable. The recent successful integration of flexible display technologies and the traditional web-based processing and/or inkjet technologies has opened up the possibility of low cost and high throughput roll-to-roll manufacturing and has shown the potential to replace the paper used today.
Introduction of testing and verification of vlsi designUsha Mehta
This slides are introductory slides for the course testing and verification of VLSI Design which cover the basics of Why, Where, When and How of VLSI design testing
Tesla Model 3 Inverter with SiC Power Module from STMicroelectronicssystem_plus
The first SiC power module in commercialized electric vehicles.
More information on that report at: http://www.systemplus.fr/reverse-costing-reports/tesla-model-3-inverter-with-sic-power-module-from-stmicroelectronics/
This ppt is about full adder design using pass transistor logic. This circuit describe power reduction using proposed cell as standard element in technology library design for ultra low power. we provide guidance to m.tech students in thier final year research projects. We assist on IEEE projects to M.tech or PhD students. Students can contact us for VLSI Projects, Antenna Projects, MATLAB Projects
PROFINET is a member of a family providing industrial communications over Ethernet.
PROFINET is:
completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).
High speed, operating at 100Mbit/s or faster over copper or fibre-optic cables,
makes use of existing IT standards. But, is “real-time” and deterministic,
PROFINET is very well thought out to incorporate all the requirements of automation and control systems.
PROFINET is totally compatible with PROFIBUS but is NOT PROFIBUS over Ethernet.
PROFINET wiring is quite different to PROFIBUS
PROFIBUS:
Uses multi-drop segments with many devices on one cable. Segments are separated by repeaters.
Two-core screened twisted pair cable.
Termination is in the hands of the user – many problems arise because of this.
PROFINET :
Multi-drop connection is not used; all cables connect just two devices together. Switches are used for branching to devices.
Four-core screened twisted pair cable.
Termination is provided within every Ethernet device; no longer in the hands of the user – should eliminate termination problems.
PROFINET – Commissioning Guideline
This is one of several free-to-download guidelines documents from PNO (PROFIBUS and PROFINET User Organisation).
It provides guidance on how to verify the installation aspects of the network as well as how to commission the live system.
These tests are additional to the application-specific, System Acceptance Testing that would usually be performed.
Failure to follow these guidelines puts you at risk of having your application tests pass without a detailed knowledge of the underlying performance of your network
Take a walk through the process of certifying a new PROFINET (or any other industrial Ethernet) against the standards and see how easy it can be, then look at a few gotchas that can easily be avoided by careful planning. Learn how to simplify the process of testing both cabling and networks in Industrial Ethernet networks that utilise the PROFINET protocol, how to prevent network failures and resolve cable and network issues faster.
Take a walk through the process of certifying a new PROFINET (or any other industrial Ethernet) against the standards and see how easy it can be, then look at a few gotchas that can easily be avoided by careful planning.
PROFIBUS DP essentials
Typical faults which may occur
Important preparations for fault-finding
Tools and expertise needed to tackle problems
Expected PROFIBUS network quality / performance
Examples of typical analyser screen images
Preventive maintenance
What to do when the fault alarm rings!
Commissioning issues
Use test Master in place of operational PLC
Check cable connections & waveforms
Confirm slave address settings
Get slaves into data exchange : run test data
Connect PLC and confirm overall performance
Although PROFIBUS can provide robust, long lasting network reliability and resilience, special tools are recommended to check on the quality of each new installation and to help with the long term maintenance of the originally achieved levels of performance. In this talk we outline what can be expected of such tools, how and when they should be used and the important network performance indicators that can be checked. These tools are recommended for use during commissioning of new systems, before new system acceptance and on a regular basis thereafter in order to help ongoing reliability and successful operation. Collection and logging of comprehensive network performance reports from the test tool, at or soon after first system acceptance, can then provide an extremely valuable benchmark against which to compare all future measurements in the years ahead.
This 40-minute long webinar follows on from the PROFINET Network Design Webinar but is this time intended for people responsible for the commissioning and support of PROFINET networks. The webinar took the form of a presentation with demonstrations to aid understanding.
This presentation looks at the tools and techniques that are available for engineering activities such as health checking and fault finding. In particular the presentation will explore some of the devices that are now available for automated network condition monitoring. These devices can provide 24/7 remote monitoring of your networks to provide rapid reporting of network problems and provide indication of performance degradation and give pre-warning of impending failure. The presentation will include a practical demonstration of some of the available tools.
Amidst the rising concerns around coronavirus, social distancing is the mainstay of successful containment. We at Utthunga recognize the necessity for continued plant operations in the aftermath of coronavirus, a crisis that has significantly impacted plants and businesses.
Keeping this in mind, we conducted our webinar on ‘PROFIBUS Network Maintenance’ to focus the upkeep of your PROFIBUS network on 10th April 2020 at 5 PM IST presented by Mr. Nirmal Tony Joseph, our in-house PROFIBUS & #PROFINET expert.
The webinar was for 60 minutes and the key takeaways:
1. Understand PROFIBUS network parameter information
2. Get detailed information on maintenance strategy required to avoid unscheduled breakdown
3. Recognize the various key network factors and transmission methods
4. Understand network component functions and characteristic
You can view the webinar recording by clicking on the link https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHISlwCp5wRPbwnjNVCpsw
Please feel free to share these links with your colleagues who may be interested.
If you have any queries or require more information regarding the topic or wish to know more about Utthunga you can mail us at contact@utthunga.com or visit our website https://utthunga.com/products/network-diagnostics/
It is widely accepted that the most important decisions are made at design stage of a project. This presentation examines the fundamental principles of good network design for PROFINET systems, although many of the ideas are applicable to PROFIBUS and other networking systems. The presentation will discuss the main factors that must be considered at the design stage of an automation system. Practical examples will show how facilities for health checking, fault-finding and maintenance can have a crucial impact on plant availability. The presentation will also examine how properly thought out network monitoring and redundancy can drastically affect plant up-time and thus profitability.
PROFIBUS is a very reliable and cost effective technology.
It is common to find extensive installations comprising thousands of PROFIBUS devices operating on complex networks which are connected together via industrial Ethernet.
The reliable operation of these networks is essential to maintaining plant productivity.
So, what can go wrong? And how do you find out? And avoid recurrance?
To gain an understanding of the way in which
PROFINET devices communicate with one
another over Ethernet.
• To learn how to capture the PROFINET
Frames using Wireshark®.
• To see how Wireshark® can be used to analyse
the captured frames to gain an understanding
of the various protocols.
• This is a topic covered in more detail in the
Certified PROFINET Engineers Course
It is widely accepted that the most important decisions are made at the design stage of a project. This presentation examines the fundamental principles of good network design for PROFINET systems, although many of the ideas are applicable to PROFIBUS and other networking systems. The presentation will discuss the main factors that must be considered at the design stage of an automation system. Practical examples will show how facilities for health checking, fault-finding and maintenance can have a crucial impact on plant availability. The presentation will also examine how properly thought out network monitoring and redundancy can drastically affect plant up-time and thus profitability.
PROFIBUS DP essentials
Typical faults which may occur
Important preparations for fault-finding
Tools and expertise needed to tackle problems
Expected PROFIBUS network quality / performance
Examples of typical analyser screen images
Preventive maintenance
What to do when the fault alarm rings!
Commissioning issues
Use test Master in place of operational PLC
Check cable connections & waveforms
Confirm slave address settings
Get slaves into data exchange : run test data
Connect PLC and confirm overall performance
Similar to 8. PROFINET network commissioning and testing - Peter Thomas (20)
For people responsible for the design, commissioning and support of PROFINET networks, explaining how to integrate existing PROFIBUS DP and PROFIBUS PA devices into that network. The webinar took the form of a presentation with demonstrations to aid understanding.
For people responsible for the commissioning and support of PROFIBUS networks. The webinar took the form of a presentation with demonstrations to aid understanding.
Particularly relevant to people responsible for the design of PROFINET networks, highlighting the common errors and assumptions made that could make on-going support of the network rather difficult.
It is particularity relevant to people responsible for the design and installation of PROFIBUS and PROFINET networks as outlined in the PI Guidelines on Earthing and Bonding of PROFIBUS and PROFINET Networks.
Also for those who want an awareness of the often misunderstood topic of EMC in industrial automation.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
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and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
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Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
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8. PROFINET network commissioning and testing - Peter Thomas
1. Peter Thomas – Control Specialists Ltd
Chairman PROFIBUS & PROFINET International Training Centre's
PROFINET
Commissioning & Testing
2. 2PI UK
PROFINET - Overview 2
PROFINET is a member of a family providing industrial
communications over Ethernet.
PROFINET is:
completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).
High speed, operating at 100Mbit/s or faster over copper or fibre-optic
cables,
makes use of existing IT standards. But, is “real-time” and deterministic,
PROFINET is very well thought out to incorporate all the requirements of
automation and control systems.
PROFINET is totally compatible with PROFIBUS but is NOT PROFIBUS
over Ethernet.
September 2017
3. 3PI UK
PROFIBUS v PROFINET 3
Feature PROFIBUS DP PROFINET
Network size 126 devices max. Effectively unlimited
Data Rate Up to 12M bit/s 100 Mbit/s
Update rate and prioritisation
All devices have same
update rate and priority
Different update rates and priorities
Controlling Station Class 1 Master IO Controller
IO Equipment Slave IO Device
Diagnostic / Configuration Tool Class 2 Master IO Supervisor
Protocols DPV0, DPV1, DPV2
PROFINET RT, ARP, DCP,
SNMP, LLDP, TCP/IP, HTTP,
MRP
IT services Not possible Integrated in devices
Real-Time Yes Yes
September 2017
4. 4PI UK
PROFIBUS v PROFINET 4
Feature PROFIBUS DP PROFINET
Topology
Typically linear bus but tree and ring
possible
Linear, star, tree and ring
Redundancy Possible but manufacturer specific Simple and standardised
Engineering access
Changes possible but needs
network restart
Possible without disrupting
operation
Standard Diagnostics Yes Yes
Alarms Only on DPV1 Yes, with priority
Addressing By switch or over bus Over network
Network Devices Repeaters, Hubs, OLM’s Switches
Termination Switch-selectable Built into RJ45 connector
Cable 2 core shielded twisted pair 4 core shielded twisted pair
September 2017
5. 5PI UK
PROFINET – In operation 5
PROFINET
HTTP SNMP Socket
IP
TCP / UDP
Sensor system
PC
SNMP/OPC server
PROFINET
IRT Field devicesPC
Internet Explorer
Real-Time
RT IRT
Ethernet
PROFINET
RT Field devices
September 2017
7. 7PI UK
PROFINET – IO Devices 7
Ethernet
IO-Controller
Configuration
Control/monitoring
Alarms
Diagnosis
Status/Control
ParametersIO-Device
PROFINET Supervisor
E.g. PLC running application
program.
E.g. PC or laptop running
engineering tool application.
E.g. Field device with
inputs/outputs
(Compare with PROFIBUS Class-1
master)
(Compare with PROFIBUS Class-2
master)
(Compare with PROFIBUS Slave
device)
September 2017
8. 8PI UK
PROFINET – Commissioning Guideline 8
• This is one of several free-to-download guidelines
documents available to members.
• It provides guidance on how to verify the installation
aspects of the network as well as how to commission
the live system.
• These tests are additional to the application-specific,
System Acceptance Testing that would usually be
performed.
Failure to follow these guidelines puts you at risk of
having your application tests pass without a detailed
knowledge of the underlying performance of your
network !
September 2017
9. 9PI UK
PROFINET – Installation Acceptance 9
• Visual Checking of the cabling.
• Point-to-Point electrical testing of the cabling using a
simple line tester.
• Point-to-point acceptance testing of the cabling using an
Ethernet Function tester.
Installation Acceptance tests should ideally be performed by
individuals who have Certified PROFINET Installer
accreditation.
September 2017
10. 10PI UK
PROFINET – Installation Acceptance – Visual Checks 10
The guideline lists 23 individual checks that should be
performed on each cable. Examples are
• Cable laid according to plan?
• Maximum length of 100m observed?
• Cable screen earthed at both ends to a previously
proven earthing system.
• Cable separation rules followed?
September 2017
11. 11PI UK
PROFINET – Installation Acceptance – Cable Testing 11
The main criteria for the simple electrical
testing of PROFINET cables are:
• There are no short-circuits between any
wires.
• There are no short-circuits between any
wire and the screen
• There are no wire breaks.
• The shield is connected at both ends.
• The wire pairing has been observed
correctly.
September 2017
12. 12PI UK
PROFINET – Installation Acceptance – Cable Certification 12
• Simple line testers are designed to test the
electrical aspects of the cable.
• The more advanced function and acceptance
testers establish the ability of that cable to
successfully transmit predefined data
packages as well as determine cable length,
attenuation and cross-talk.
September 2017
13. 13PI UK
PROFINET – Operational Qualification 13
• Checking that the addressing and naming of all IO devices
are in conformance with the design specification.
• Determining other device-related information such as MAC
addresses, Firmware versions etc.
• Establishing that the topology is in conformance with the
design specification.
• Establishing the absence of discarded and error telegrams.
• Establishing operational characteristics and absence of
telegram errors.
September 2017
14. 14PI UK
PROFINET – IO Device Identification 14
• Every PROFINET device has a world-wide unique MAC
address assigned by the manufacturer.
• The MAC address is unique to that particular device and
will change if the device is replaced with a spare.
• Before a device can take part in communications with an
IO Controller, it must have been configured with a
PROFINET Device Name.
• When the IO Controller initialises communication with the
IO Device, it will allocate an IP address to it.
• Note - All real-time communications takes place using MAC
addresses.
MAC Address: 00: 0E:CF:04:68:7A
Device Name: MySensorName123
IP Address: 192.168.1.23
HW Version: 1.0
FW Version: 1.24
September 2017
15. 15PI UK
PROFINET – Topology – Line Depth 15
• Line depth is the number of forwarding switches between an IO Controller and an IO
Device.
• The line depth will affect the cycle time that the device can be polled at.
September 2017
17. 17PI UK
PROFINET – EMC Criteria 17
• EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) and
Protective Earth (PE) issues are acknowledged
as being the cause of a significant number of
problems on Fieldbuses and Industrial
networks like PROFIBUS and PROFINET.
• This is because of the ever-increasing
frequencies that such systems operate at.
• Simply ensuring that the cable screen is
connected to earth at both ends serves no
purpose if the earth loop impedance at
“typical” frequencies is too high.
September 2017
18. 18PI UK
PROFINET – Monitoring Tools 18
TO PROFINET NETWORK
Internet Browser
This permanent monitoring solution
can be used during qualification and
on-going support.
It has no effect on the PROFINET
network which will continue to
operate even if power to the monitor
is removed.
24v
Volt-Free Contact to PLC
September 2017
19. 19PI UK
PROFINET – Acceptance Specification 19
• A document like this acts as a formal record of the
installation and operational qualification tests.
• It should clearly define roles and responsibilities.
• Define the type of tools required to perform the tests and
typical specifications.
• Each test should cross-reference back to the appropriate
section in the relevant design specification.
• Have clear descriptions of the tests and unambiguous
acceptance criteria.
• There should be space available for the tester to
sign/date each test and make notes.
September 2017
20. 20PI UK
Peter Thomas
(Control Specialists Ltd)
Chairman of the
PROFINET & PROFIBUS
International Training Centres
(PITC‘s)
Peter Thomas
Control Specialists Ltd
PROFINET – Questions?
September 2017
21. 21PI UK 21September 2017
Thankyou
Peter Thomas
Chairman of PI Training Centres
www.linkedin.com/in/petermthomas
Control Specialists Ltd
www.controlspecialists.co.uk
https://controlspecialists.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/16012_Indu_Sol_EMC_brochure_2017.pdf