Presentation of Christophe Stroobants (Flanders Environment Agency) on 'Joaquin decision support tool' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
At the 2014 annual Dispersion Modellers user group meeting guest speaker James Tate spoke the topic: 'Making better use of microsimulation models for estimating vehicle emissions'
At the 2014 annual Dispersion Modellers user group meeting guest speaker Sean Beevers spoke on the topic: 'Update on progress with the development of a hybrid personal exposure model'
At the 2014 annual Dispersion Modellers user group meeting guest speaker Christine McHugh spoke on the topic: 'Comparison of Air Quality in World Cities'
Routes to Clean Air 2016 - Dr Tim ChattertonIES / IAQM
Talk title: Putting people at the heart of Air Quality Management
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
At the 2014 annual Dispersion Modellers user group meeting guest speaker James Tate spoke the topic: 'Making better use of microsimulation models for estimating vehicle emissions'
At the 2014 annual Dispersion Modellers user group meeting guest speaker Sean Beevers spoke on the topic: 'Update on progress with the development of a hybrid personal exposure model'
At the 2014 annual Dispersion Modellers user group meeting guest speaker Christine McHugh spoke on the topic: 'Comparison of Air Quality in World Cities'
Routes to Clean Air 2016 - Dr Tim ChattertonIES / IAQM
Talk title: Putting people at the heart of Air Quality Management
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
Also see: http://bit.ly/1vjtYg8
Professor Chris Nash spoke on heavy goods vehicle charging at the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Conference on regulation in Brisbane on 8th Aug 2014.
www.accc.gov.au/about-us/conferences-events/accc/aer-regulatory-conference/accc-aer-regulatory-conference-2014
Guest presentation Dr Chikage Miyoshi, April 2015.
www.cranfield.ac.uk/about/people-and-resources/academic-profiles/satm-ac-profile/dr-chikage-c-miyoshi.html
www.its.leeds.ac.uk/courses/masters/itslectureseries
Posters summarizing dissertation research projects - presented by MSc students at the Institute for Transport Studies (ITS), University of Leeds, April 2017. http://bit.ly/2re35Cs
www.its.leeds.ac.uk/courses/masters/dissertation
Routes to Clean Air 2016 - Dr Kevin Turpin, TRLIES / IAQM
Talk title - Development of remote sensors for vehicle emissions detection
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
Posters summarizing dissertation research projects to date, presented by MA and MSc students at the Institute for Transport Studies (ITS), University of Leeds, April 2016.
http://bit.ly/1Yq5f8U
www.its.leeds.ac.uk/courses/masters/dissertation
Presentation by Tom Worsley, Visiting Research Fellow, delivered as part of the annual series of Beesley lectures, organised by the Institute of Economic Affairs at the Institute of Directors in London.
Also see: http://bit.ly/1vjtYg8
Professor Chris Nash spoke on heavy goods vehicle charging at the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Conference on regulation in Brisbane on 8th Aug 2014.
www.accc.gov.au/about-us/conferences-events/accc/aer-regulatory-conference/accc-aer-regulatory-conference-2014
Guest presentation Dr Chikage Miyoshi, April 2015.
www.cranfield.ac.uk/about/people-and-resources/academic-profiles/satm-ac-profile/dr-chikage-c-miyoshi.html
www.its.leeds.ac.uk/courses/masters/itslectureseries
Posters summarizing dissertation research projects - presented by MSc students at the Institute for Transport Studies (ITS), University of Leeds, April 2017. http://bit.ly/2re35Cs
www.its.leeds.ac.uk/courses/masters/dissertation
Routes to Clean Air 2016 - Dr Kevin Turpin, TRLIES / IAQM
Talk title - Development of remote sensors for vehicle emissions detection
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
Posters summarizing dissertation research projects to date, presented by MA and MSc students at the Institute for Transport Studies (ITS), University of Leeds, April 2016.
http://bit.ly/1Yq5f8U
www.its.leeds.ac.uk/courses/masters/dissertation
Presentation by Tom Worsley, Visiting Research Fellow, delivered as part of the annual series of Beesley lectures, organised by the Institute of Economic Affairs at the Institute of Directors in London.
Air Pollution and Climate Change Investment Bondseric keogh
Green in The City - Green Bonds for Clean Air and Climate Change
Overview Transport is the number-one source of air pollution in cities, causing serious problems to human health, the economy, climate and the environment. Current approaches to reducing transport emissions have not led to the desired results, leaving city regulators with challenges of protecting the health and wellbeing of their residents. The Air Quality & Transport (AQT) Green Bond provides public authorities and investors with exciting opportunities to capitalize on clean transport projects that monitor, manage and reduce emissions. Returns on investment are maximized through economic benefits of improved public health and economic productivity, climate change mitigation and reduced public expenditure on transport-related externalities. The AQT Bond is particularly suitable for cities wanting to take global leadership on air quality management and climate change mitigation, providing win-win-win solutions that benefits people, the economy, climate and the environment.
Environmental fiscal reform and the proposed carbon tax Tristan Wiggill
A presentation by Mr Cecil Morden (Chief Director: Economic Tax Analysis: National Treasury), at the Transport Forum SIG: "Sustainable Transport" on 6 August 2015 hosted by University of Johannesburg's Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies (Africa), or ITLS (Africa). The theme of the presentation was: "Environmental Fiscal Reform and the proposed Carbon Tax".
Car free cities bmdc meeting 9th september 2016 haneenHaneen Khreis
Background: Many cities across the world are beginning to shift their mobility solution away from the private cars and towards more environmentally friendly and citizen-focused means. Hamburg, Oslo, Helsinki, and Madrid have recently announced their plans to become (partly) private car free cities. Other cities like Paris, Milan, Chengdu, Masdar, Dublin, Brussels, Copenhagen, Bogota, and Hyderabad have measures that aim at reducing motorized traffic including implementing car free days, investing in cycling infrastructure and pedestrianization, restricting parking spaces and considerable increases in public transport provision. Such plans and measures are particularly implemented with the declared aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. These reductions are also likely to benefit public health.
Jillian Anable, The Centre for Transport Research, University of Aberdeen
Christian Brand, The Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford
Nick Eyre, The Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford
Investigating willingness to pay for congestion pricing in peshawar universit...EditorIJAERD
Congested road is a perfect example of tragedy of the commons as there is no restriction for drivers not to
exploit it. Car users are independent in their traveling decisions but their decisions have negative consequences for
others for which they do not pay rather the non-users pay for them in the form of hard cash, inconvenience and lack of
safety. This unwanted but widely practiced phenomena has over-shadowed the livable environment even in universities
all across Pakistan particularly in Peshawar university campus (case study) where the environment is exacerbated by
minimum personalized vehicle holders for the maximum non-car commuters resulting from the free vehicular entrance
and biased provision of infrastructure. This leads to huge social divide, inequality and gender disparity. In addition to
finding appropriate rent for provision of new equitable, environment and gender friendly modes of transport like rental
bikes and golf carts, Willingness to pay for congestion pricing as proposed solution is investigated through online webbased questionnaire survey from 580 respondents and statistical analysis is used for selecting most feasible mode(s) of
alternate in-campus transportation. Results showed that 67.6% respondents were WTP for congestion charging and
55.3% selected golf carts as their preferred mode in campus followed by rental bike with 27.6%. Appropriate rent chosen
for golf cart was PKR 20 and less than PKR 20 for rental bikes by more than half of the respondents. Congestion pricing
was perceived as effective solution and proposed modes were opted as the preferred modes for traveling in campus.
2.6 Klima Partnere Hordaland - An efficient contribution towards a greener re...Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Helene Frimannslund (Klimapartnere Hordaland) on 'An efficient contribution towards a greener region' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
2.3 Supporting and representing flood risk communities (P.Cobbing)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Paul Cobbing (National Flood Forum) on 'Supporting and representing flood risk communities' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
2.2 Low-energy cities with high quality of life (F.Boyer)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Frédéric Boyer (Energy Cities) on 'Low-energy cities with high quality of life' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
2.1 Building a low-carbon future together (G-J.vanderPanne)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Gert-Jan van der Panne (R&Dialogue) on 'Building a low-carbon future together' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
2.4 Flood resilience at individual property level (R.Craig)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Robbie Craig (DEFRA) on 'Flood resilience at individual property level' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
Presentation of Joanna Cielsielska (Bax&Willems) with the soundbites of the first day of the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
Presentation of Raymond Feron (Rijkswaterstaat) on 'Digital Delta' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
1.13 Sustainable drainage – a UK perspective (P.Shaffer)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Paul Shaffer (CIRIA) on 'Sustainable drainage – a UK perspective' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
1.12 Adapting the existing - Retrofitting buildings for flood risk Rotterdam ...Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Peter Van Veelen (Rotterdam/TU Delft) on 'Adapting the existing - Retrofitting buildings for flood risk Rotterdam & New York' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
1.11 Flood Resilient Building - EU Perspective (C.Zevenbergen)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Chris Zevenbergen (UNESCO-IHE) on 'Flood Resilient Building - EU Perspective' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
1.10 Water resource management challenges and perspectives (P.Fröhle)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Peter Fröhle (TUHH) on 'Water resource management challenges and perspectives' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
1.7 Mitigating emissions in London (B.O'Brien)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Barry O'Brien (Greater London Authority) on 'Mitigating emissions in London' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
1.6 LIFE: the EU programme for the Environment & Climate action (A.Burrill)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Anne Burrill (EU Commission - DG ENV) on 'LIFE: the EU programme for the Environment & Climate action' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
1.5 Supporting the shift towards a low carbon North-West Europe (C.Ruebens)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Carolien Ruebens (Agentschap Ondernemen) on 'Supporting the shift towards a low carbon North-West Europe' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
Presentation of Ariane Decramer (VLEVA) on 'Funding opportunities for environmental challenges & climate change opportunities' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
1.1 Climate change and impacts on hydrological extremes (P.Willems)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Patrick Willems (KU Leuven) on 'Climate change and impacts on hydrological extremes' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
1.2 Climate change: urgency in slow motion (B.Verheggen)Stevie Swenne
Presentation of Bart Verheggen (Amsterdam University College) on 'Climate change: urgency in slow motion' during the conference 'Environmental challenges & Climate change opportunities' organised by Flanders Environment Agency (VMM)
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
3. 4 Belgian partners: VMM, IRCELINE, Flemish Agency for Health
and Care, City of Antwerp
4 Dutch partners: GGD Amsterdam, Province of North-Holland,
RIVM, ECN
6 British partners: University of Brighton, University of Leicester,
Leicester City Council, AirTEXT London,
Greater London Authority, Transport for London
2 French partners: Ecole des Ingénieurs de la Ville de Paris,
ATMO Nord-Pas-De-Calais
Joint Initiative
Joaquin – Partnership
Air Quality
3
4. • NWE-region is European hot spot for air pollution: PM and NO2.
• 430 000 premature deaths in EU-28 by long-term exposure to PM2,5
• 180 000 premature deaths in Belgium, France, Germany, The
Netherlands and United Kingdom
Joint Initiative
Joaquin – Background
Air Quality
4
Source: ESA, March 2011
5. • UFP, PN, EC/BC are believed to be better indicators towards health than
NO2 and PM10.
• These pollutants are currently not monitored systematically in the NW
European region
• Data on the spatial distribution of UFP, PN, BC/EC is missing
Joint Initiative
Joaquin – Aim
Air Quality
5
6. Joaquin
Data & information
Increase knowledge
Provide evidence
6
Identify, pilot &
evaluate
Rank measures
Best practices
Stakeholder
consultation
Raising awareness
Support base
Joaquin
Measurements Measures Communication
8. Decision Support Tool – Fact sheets
8
BACKGROUND
• Which guidance for civil servants / policy makers to make better
informed choices?
• Which traffic-related policy measures are available?
• What are their effects?
• Added value?
• Evaluated information in a nutshell
• Examples of implementation
• Effects on air quality
• (Co-)benefits and limitations
• Expert opinion on potential and reliability
• Cross-links to information sources
9. Decision Support Tool – Fact sheets
EXAMPLES | EFFECTS | CO-BENEFITS | SUGGESTED READ | KEYWORDS
RELATED FACTSHEETS | REFERENCES
MEASURE
Traffic Charging Zone (AKA Congestion Charging, Road Use Charging)
DESCRIPTION
Payment for the right to drive into a city center.The desired result is to reduce the traffic
intensity and thus the pollution loading in a specific area, i.e., the city center. Driver pays when
entering the zone.Tariffs depend on vehicle classification (e.g., heavy-duty vehicle, light-duty
vehicle, electric, diesel, vehicle age, etc.), time of the day (e.g., maximum during rush hours, no
charge in weekend), duration of travel and distance travelled.
JOAQUIN VIEW
Clear evidence of reduction in traffic, congestion and emissions. Due to the complex nature of
air pollution, positive effects on traffic-related air pollution are possible, but the effect size
depends on local traffic situation.As it is typically applied in a densely populated area, exposure
reduction is expected, but the impact on surrounding areas, e.g., pollution redistribution, has to
be considered. Possible drawbacks are societal skepticism, social injustice and implementation
costs, but since very usable systems have now been developed, the costs of implementation can
be reduced considerably. In general, as supported by the above examples, both the potential of
the measure and the reliability of the data are considered good.
10. EXAMPLES | EFFECTS | CO-BENEFITS | SUGGESTED READ | KEYWORDS
RELATED FACTSHEETS | REFERENCES
Decision Support Tool – Fact sheets
MEASURE
Traffic Charging Zone (AKA Congestion Charging, Road Use Charging)
EXAMPLES
London, UK: restriction of entry of oldest and most polluting vehicles. Camera's used for
enforcement. Covers 22 km2 of central London. In the first period after implementation
congestion fell significantly. However, after a few years the congestion situation returns almost to
pre-charging levels, although the shift in vehicle-type (from private cars to taxi, bus and bicycle)
remained. Cost-benefit analyses, comparing the costs of the congestion scheme to the
congestion reduction benefits, show contrasting results (positive as well as negative!).
Stockholm, Sweden: Increase in traffic just outside the zone. Skepticism was reduced by
applying a trial period followed by a referendum.
Leeds, UK: Different scenarios were modelled for road use charging in Leeds (Mitchell et al.,
2005).The study found that charging a fee (£1-£3, depending on zones travelled) “suppresses trip
demand, improves travel speeds and reduces total vehicle km travelled (in the city)”. It was noted,
however, that trip duration increases as some drivers re-rout to avoid the charge area.When
charging a fee per distance travelled, all fees reduce total traffic emissions, with “a charge of 2
p/Km (being) sufficient to improve air quality significantly”.Trip diversion under the 2 p/km
scheme resulted in some pollution redistribution to surrounding areas.
11. Decision Support Tool – Fact sheets
MEASURE
Traffic Charging Zone (AKA Congestion Charging, Road Use Charging)
EFFECTS
Traffic emissions reduced due to lower numbers of vehicles in the charging zones reported here;
evidence for more traffic directly outside the zone. Effects on traffic behaviour: use of other
means of transport.
Modeling indicates that effects on AQ (annual basis) are:
• PM10: ranging from 0% to -8%.
• Soot: indications for decrease (Milan), but limited evidence.
• NO2: ranging from 0% to -10%.
Attribution of the observed changes in air pollution to this measure alone is debatable as effects
of other interventions and trends are not considered explicitly.
Exposure: -8% (NO2) and -10% (PM10) population weighted; further effects on health not
investigated.
EXAMPLES | EFFECTS | CO-BENEFITS | SUGGESTED READ | KEYWORDS
RELATED FACTSHEETS | REFERENCES
12. Decision Support Tool – Fact sheets
MEASURE
Traffic Charging Zone (AKA Congestion Charging, Road Use Charging)
CO-BENEFITS
Supports the awareness of traffic as important source of air pollution.Accustoms people to use
other means of transport. Generates income for further (traffic-related) air pollution reduction
measures. Possible positive effect on noise exposure and traffic-related accidents. Reduces
greenhouse gas emissions. Depending on the charging scheme, it could incentivise adoption of
more efficient clean fuel and lower emission vehicles.
EXAMPLES | EFFECTS | CO-BENEFITS | SUGGESTED READ | KEYWORDS
RELATED FACTSHEETS | REFERENCES
13. Decision Support Tool – Fact sheets
MEASURE
Traffic Charging Zone (AKA Congestion Charging, Road Use Charging)
SUGGESTED READ
• A very complete review in a wide perspective: Givoni, M. (2012). Re-assessing the Results of the
London Congestion Charging Scheme. Urban Studies, 49, 1089-1105. [LINK]
• Transport for London (TfL) has a lot of information regarding the implementation and
evaluation of London’s Congestion Charging Scheme (CCS) available on their website. [LINK]
• A good overview of various types of road use charging and present a thorough modelling
review to demonstrate potential air quality benefits from each: Mitchell, G., Namdeo,A.,
Milne, D. (2005). The air quality impact of cordon and distance based road user charging:An
empirical study of Leeds, UK. Atmospheric Environment, 39, 6231-6242. [LINK]
EXAMPLES | EFFECTS | CO-BENEFITS | SUGGESTED READ | KEYWORDS
RELATED FACTSHEETS | REFERENCES
14. Decision Support Tool – Fact sheets
MEASURE
Traffic Charging Zone (AKA Congestion Charging, Road Use Charging)
KEYWORDS
• Number of vehicles
• Congestion charging
• Taxation
• City
• PM10
• NO2
• Soot
EXAMPLES | EFFECTS | CO-BENEFITS | SUGGESTED READ | KEYWORDS
RELATED FACTSHEETS | REFERENCES
15. Decision Support Tool – Fact sheets
MEASURE
Traffic Charging Zone (AKA Congestion Charging, Road Use Charging)
RELATED FACTSHEETS
• CleanVehicles
• ElectricVehicles
• Modal Shift
• Traffic reallocation
• Traffic signal coordination
EXAMPLES | EFFECTS | CO-BENEFITS | SUGGESTED READ | KEYWORDS
RELATED FACTSHEETS | REFERENCES
16. Decision Support Tool – Fact sheets
MEASURE
Traffic Charging Zone (AKA Congestion Charging, Road Use Charging)
REFERENCES
• Atkinson, R.W., Barratt, B.,Armstrong, B.,Anderson, H.R., Beevers, S.D., Mudway, I.S., Green,
D., Derwent, R.G.,Wilkinson, P., & Tonne, C. (2009).The impact of the congestion charging
scheme on ambient air pollution concentrations in London. Atmospheric Environment, 43,
5493-5500. [LINK]
• Beevers, S.D. & Carslaw, D.C. (2005).The impact of congestion charging on vehicle emissions
in London. Atmospheric Environment, 39, 1-5. [LINK]
• Beevers, S.D. & Carslaw, D.C. (2005).The impact of congestion charging on vehicle speed and
its implications for assessing vehicle emissions. Atmospheric Environment, 39, 6875-6884. [LINK]
• Carslaw, D.C., Ropkins, K., & Bell, M.C. (2006). Change-point detection of gaseous and
particulate traffic-related pollutants at a roadside location. Environmental Science &Technology,
40, 6912-6918. [LINK]
• Invernizzi, G., Ruprecht,A., Mazza, R., De Marco, C., Mocnik, G., Sioutas, C., & Westerdahl, D.
(2011). Measurement of black carbon concentration as an indicator of air quality benefits of
traffic restriction policies within the ecopass zone in Milan, Italy. Atmospheric Environment, 45,
3522-3527. [LINK]
EXAMPLES | EFFECTS | CO-BENEFITS | SUGGESTED READ | KEYWORDS
RELATED FACTSHEETS | REFERENCES