Chapter 6 Grade 8 Even Semester

1. Chapter 6
Structure and Function
of Plant Organs
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

2. Plants Organs
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

3. Root
Root Structure
1. Morphology
Devided 2 types;
Monocotyledon such as Corn, Sugarcane,
Coconut, their root type are fibrous root.
Dicotyledon such as Mango and Chilies,
their root type are tap root.
Root can find the water in the soil, with
the protector named Calyptras.
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

4. Fibrous root Tap root
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

5. 2. Anatomy
Root divided
into 3 parts ;
a. Region of
Maturation
b. Region of
Elongation
c. Apical
Meristem
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

6. Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

7. Parts of the Root
•Epidermis
•Cortex
•Endodermis
•Stele
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

8. Function of Root
The main function is to absorb water and
minerals which is dissolved inside from the
soil
To straighten the plant
As the food storage in certain plants such as:
Cassava, Carrots
As vegetative reproduction organ, ex. spruce
As respiration organ in Mangrove
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

9. Stem
• Stem was from a
part of embryo in
the seed.
• Commonly, stem are
heading up from the
soil to the air.
• As long as their
growth period.
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

10. Structure of Stem
1. Morphology
• Hard
• In young stem, there
are some clorophile so
they can do the
photosynthesis
• There are some small
dots in certain parts of
stem, called Lenticels
• Monocotyledon and
Dicotyl difference in
branching of the stem
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

11. Dicotyl stem Monocotyl stem
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

12. 2. Anatomy
Have similarities
with root ;
Epidermis
Cortex
Endodermis
Stele
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

13. Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

14. Factors of Dicotyl Monocotyl
Differentiation Stem Stem
Place of the In Order Spread
Veins
Cambium There is for No
secondary
growing
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

15. Function of Stem
• As the way to deliver
water, mineral, and
photosynthesis
results
• As the place to attach
the leaves
• As respiration system
in Lenticels
• To direct the leaves
to light source such
as Phototropic
activity
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

16. • In certain plants stem
used for a special purpose
such as:
As the food storage such
as Sagoo, Sugarcane
As water storage such as
Cactus
As reproduction system
such as Tapioca Tree
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

17. Leaves
• Leaves was
from a part of
embryo in the
seed which is
cotyledon
• The green color
came from the
chlorophyll
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

18. Structure of Leaves
1. Morphology
• Consist of leaf midrib,
petiole, leaf blade
• A complete leaf can be
founded in areca nut leaves
• There are so many forms of
leaves
• Circular
• Oval
• Shield-Shaped
• Ribbon-Shaped
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

19. Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

20. Anatomy of Leaves
• Cuticle Layer
• Upper
epidermis
• Mesophyll
• Vascular
bundles
• Lower
epidermis
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

21. Leaf in Photosynthesis Activity
• Usually the water was
extracted through 2
ways:
• Vaporization through
process of transpiration
• Water molecules
through process of
• Transpiration through
stomata
• Stomata came from
Greek language meaning
mouth, stomata is the
plural version of stoma
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

22. About Stomata
• Usually Stomata was
placed in epidermis layer
of leaf wherever lower or
upper layer
• Stoma consist 2 closing
cells/ guarding cells/ cell
protector shape like liver
and had many
chlorophyll
• There are little amount of
closing cells than the
total of epidermis cells in
the layer
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

23. Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

24. Function of Leaf
• As we know, leaf act
as the place for the
Photosynthesis
• The chlorophyll in
the leaf was one of
the required
component for the
process of
Photosynthesis
• Also as Transpiration
and Respiration Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

25. Transpiration
• The vaporization of the
water through stomata,
cuticle layer, and lenticels
• The truth is, transpiration
happen in all parts of the
plant, but the biggest
transpiration process is in
leaf
• Why in leaf? Because leaves
layer are the widest surface
between the others
• Transpiration in day times
are much more through
stomata
• In night, through cuticle
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

26. Flower
• Flower is a
reproduction
organ in the plants
generatively in
Angiosperm plants
• In Gymnosperm
plants, it called
strobilus
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

27. Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

28. Fruits
Parts of Fruit
 Epicarp as the
outer layer of fruit
 Mesocarp as
middle layer which
is thick part of fruit
 Endocarp the inner
layer of fruit
 Seed as the core of
the fruit
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

29. Types of Fruit
• ‘Real Fruit’ such as
Papaya, mango, and
durian.
• ‘Artificial Fruit’ such as
Jackfruit, apple, and
pineapples.
• ‘Simple Fruit’ such as
tomato and soya bean.
• ‘Double Fruit’ such as
Strawberries.
• ‘Compound Fruit’ such
as Pineapples.
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

30. Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

31. Function of Fruit
• As the food storage
• To radiate the plants
• To attract the bird to eat them along the hard
seed
• Then bird’s feces made a new individual seed
• Then the seed grow as a new plant
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

32. Seed
• Part of the plant made
from the results of
fertilization
• Which is placed in the
ovaries
• In the ovaries, there are
ovules
• In the ovules.. There are
also the embryo as the
candidate of new
individual plant
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

33. Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

34. Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH

35. You can download this slide on
http://www.slideshare.net/alfikesturi
Or on
http://www.authorstream.com/kesturi
Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of
GIS JH