- Multi-processor systems have two or more CPUs working closely together. They provide increased throughput by distributing work across CPUs. - The operating system is divided into modules for process management, memory management, file management, I/O management, and more. - Process management involves creating and deleting processes, suspending and resuming them, and handling synchronization and communication between processes. Memory management involves allocating and deallocating memory to processes.

1. Basics of Operating Systems
Multi-processor System & Operating System Components
• HOME PREVIOUS TOPIC NEXT
• PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR OS
• CPP TUTORIALS
1

2. Recap
In the last class, you have learnt about
• Distributed Systems
• Real Time Systems
2

3. Objectives
On completion of this period, you would be
able to know
• Multi processor System
• Operating System Components
3

4. Multi Processor System
• Multi processor system are also known as parallel
systems have two or more processors working in
close communication with one another
• Generally these multiple processors share bus,
clock, memory and peripheral devices
• Multiprocessors systems are also called as
parallel systems or tightly coupled systems
4

5. Multi Processor System

6. Multi Processor System
Advantages
• Increased throughput: More work will be done in less
time
• Economical: Multi processor system can save more
money than multiple single processor systems, because
they share peripherals, mass storage and power supplies
• Increased reliability: If function can be distributed
properly among several processors, then the failure of one
processor will not halt the system, it only slows it down
6

7. Operating System Components
• Operating system is a large and complex program
• It can be divided into the following modules based on
their functioning
– Process Management
– Main memory management
– File management
– I/O management
7

8. Operating System Components
– Secondary memory management
– Security system
– Command interpreter system
– Networking support system
– Protection system
8

9. Operating System Components
Process Management
• A process can be defined as a program in execution
• If more than one program is executing at the same time on
the computer
– then it is the responsibility of the operating system to
allocate CPU
– and other resources to the process so that they can
execute properly
• Operating system has to keep track of all processes
– and ensure that the execution of one of them does not
alter the other process 9

10. Operating System Components
Process Management
• The OS is responsible for the following activities in
connection with the process management
– Creating and deleting both user and system process
– Suspending and resuming process
– Providing mechanisms for process synchronization
– Providing mechanisms for process communication
– Providing mechanisms for dead lock handling
10

11. Operating System Components
Main Memory Management
• The OS is responsible for the following activities in
connection with memory management
– Keeping track of which parts of memory are
currently being used and by whom
– Deciding which processes and data to move into
and out of memory
– Allocating and deallocating memory space as
needed
11

12. Operating System Components
File management
• The OS is responsible for activities in connection
with file management
– creation and deletion of files
– creating and deleting of a directories
– storing files on secondary media, facilities for backup of
file
– It also help in copy / movement of files from one disk to
another
12

13. Operating System Components
I/O management
• The operating system performs the coordination between
various input / output devices, such as keyboard, mouse,
screen, printer etc., and the programs that are running
Secondary Storage Management
• This module is responsible for management of secondary
memory
• The tasks of the module are
– Free space management
– Storage allocation
– Disk scheduling
13

14. Operating System Components
Security system
• The operating system provides appropriate security
and integrity mechanisms which ensures the safety of
the data and programs on the computer
Command interpreter system
• It is the interface between the user and the operating
system
14

15. Operating System Components
Network management
• The responsibilities of the module are routing
and connection strategies, problems of
conflict and security
Protection system
• In multi programming environment one
process must be protected from one another
activities
15

16. Summary
• Multi processor system are also known as parallel
systems have more than one CPU working in close
communications with one another
• Operating system is a large and complex program. It
can be divided into the following modules based on
their functioning
• Process Management
• Main memory management
• File management
• I/O management
• Secondary memory management
• Security system
16

17. Frequently Asked Questions
1. List the advantages of multiprocessor system
2. List the various operating system
components
3. Write a brief note on the components of the
OS
17

18. Quiz
1. In a multi processor system there is close
communication between the processor
a) True
b) False
18

19. Quiz
2. In a tightly coupled system each CPU has
its own local memory
a) True
b) False
19

20. Quiz
3.The purpose of process management component
of an OS is providing security to the program.
a) True
b) False
20

21. Other subject materials
• Web designing
• Micro processors
• C++ tutorials
• java
home
21