RDFS can be used to create taxonomies and ontologies that define relationships between terms. Taxonomies are useful for enterprises to enhance search, browsing, and content reuse which can increase productivity. Large, public taxonomies in domains like biology have been developed and can be leveraged by applications through semantic annotation services.

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Advanced use RDFS
Mariano Rodriguez-Muro,
Free University of Bozen-Bolzano

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Disclaimer
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License
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A few examples from these slides has been taken from
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This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)
Semantic Web for the working Ontologist. Chapter 6.
Some of the slides on the use of taxonomies are based on:
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http://info.earley.com/webinar-replay-business-value-taxonomyaug-2012

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Reading material
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Semantic Web for the working Ontologist. Chapter 6
http://proquest.safaribooksonline.com/book/-/9780123859655

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Uses of RDFS (and ontology)
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Application oriented uses
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Application behavior without coding
Data integration through vocabulary alignment, integration
Controlled vocabularies
Formal ontology:
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Definition of taxonomies, e.g., parent/broader, child/narrower,
etc.
Taxonomy/Ontology can be used to create business/data
value
Taxonomy can open the door for new kinds of data
management

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Enterprise

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Content Management
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Increase the control/productivity that the enterprise has over
their data to increase internal productivity, customer
satisfaction, etc.
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Why not “just Google” your sites? These do not work in the
enterprise
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Back links and
Statistics
In the enterprise, granularity is small

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Search enhancement
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Search enhancement
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Examples:
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Finding content (DB., entries, document collections, etc) relevant
to a query, but tagged with an alternative name
Key is search by metadata and organized metadata
Add synonyms to a query
Language/translation
Include more general terms
Precision vs Recall. The focus here is recall, get all “relevant”
content.

8. + Browsing and Navigation: Search overload
User doesn’t know what he
wants precisely

9. + Browsing and Navigation: Search overload
Facets
Give control to the user

10. + Browsing and Navigation: Search overload
Note: Taxonomy is not navigation

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Browsing and navigation, results
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Faceted navigation in e-commerce:
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Findability
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Conversions
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Sales
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Market size
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Customer satisfaction
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etc.
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Studies show that faceted navigation in enterprise content
easily increases all these aspects in hard benchmarks.
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See presentation by Earley & Associates

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Content Reuse – Taxonomy in
Content Management
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Many use cases
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Examples, knowledge management, content finding, etc.
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Look at business processes, group at targeted users
Useful when knowledge is large, and it needs to be accessible fast
A Taxonomy can be used to
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Define content and document types (e.g., “Article”)
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Define the fields that will describe attributes (e.g., tag a
document with “Industry”)
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Define the actual values of certain fields (e.g., the list of values for
the attribute “Industry” might include “Construction”,
“Information Technology”, “Utilities”, etc.)

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Example: Knowledge management
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Portal development
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Service a functional organization, e.g., call centers, technical field
services
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Key: Changing content
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Requires: Access to the latest's and best value always
Call centers representatives required 50% less time to solve a problem
with correctly organized information.
Earley & Associates, 2012
Average reactive time per incident: 10.35hrs
Knowledge Helpful Average Reactive TPI: 5.45hrs
Knowledge Helpful Time Saved Per Incident: 43%

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Content reuse: Improved
Management of Marketing Assets
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Type: Magazine Ads
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Channel: Print
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Target Demographic: Parents
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Country: US
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Language: English
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Concept: Rebellion
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Brand: Settletra
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Do your kids:
 Have discipline problems?
 Trouble paying attention?
 Trouble getting along?
Maybe It’s time to findout how
Settletra can help

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Content reuse

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Content reuse: result
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Requirement
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Question
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Do we have material for this
campaign
No?
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Images for campaigns
Produce new material
Use taxonomies to improve
search
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$1.25M /yr through digital
asset management and
increased image reuse (Earley
& Associates)

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Public Entities

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The power of large, curated
taxonomies
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Many large taxonomies developed in the context of large
national and international projects
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Large amount of knowledge
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Clean knowledge (manually curated)
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General knowledge (cover domains rather than applications)
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Reusable to provide valuable services

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Taxonomies resources
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Taxonomy resources:
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http://www.taxonomywarehouse.com/
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http://www.taxobank.org/
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http://www.taxotips.com/resources/sources/
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http://id.loc.gov/
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http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85112348.html
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http://bioportal.bioontology.org/
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http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/wiki/SKOS/Datasets
Some of these are actually
ONTOLOGY repositories

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Taxonomies in Biology
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Taxonomies in Biology have been developed for a long time
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Large investment world wide
Deployed in applications today
Include wide range of Biology subjects
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Medical terminologies
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Macro and Micro biology (Genes, Human Anatomy)
Etc.
Started as knowledge management/sharing, now
applications are being built.

23. •
•
•
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Download
Traverse
Search
Comment
Mapping
Services
•
•
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Create
Download
Upload
Widgets
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Tree-view
Auto-complete
Graph-view
Ontology
Services
http://rest.bioontology.org
Views
Annotation
Term recognition
Data Access
Fetch “data”
annotated with a
given term
http://bioportal.bioontology.org

25. Annotation service
Process textual metadata to automatically tag
text with as many ontology terms as possible.
90 million calls,
~700 GB of data

26. Annotating Clinical Text

27. Resource index
Pubmed Abstracts
Adverse Events (AERS)
GEO
:
Clinical Trials
Drug Bank

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Semantic Annotation services
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Semantic Annotations services are very wide spread
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Topics include:
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General purpose (based on DBPedia URI’s for example)
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Specialized
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Music
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Movies
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Libraries
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Biology
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http://lmgtfy.com/?q=semantic+annotator
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http://dbpedia-spotlight.github.com/demo/index.html

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Summary

31. +
Summary: RDFS
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Ontology languages,
Ontologies
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RDFS language and inferences
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Common use patterns of RDFS
inferences
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Taxonomies
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Their value and use in the
enterprise
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Collections and applications