41 Atg&Ctm Fope06

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Tank Gauging &Tank Gauging &
Custody TransferCustody Transfer
MeteringMetering
Presentation By Yagnesh Ponkia
CES Instrumentation
Reliance Industries Ltd

Tank Gauging SystemTank Gauging System

Types Of TanksTypes Of Tanks
 Cone Roof Tank (With or W/O N2 purging)
 Open Floating Roof Tank
 Internal Floating Roof Tank. (With N2 Purging)
 Dome Roof Tank
 Sphere
 Horizontal ( Bullet )

Types Of TanksTypes Of Tanks
Open Floating
Roof Tank
Internal Floating
Roof Tank
Cone Roof
Dome Roof
Horizontal
Sphere

Types Of Tanks At JamnagarTypes Of Tanks At Jamnagar
 Internal Floating roof (for high vapour pressure)
with N2 blanket (for toxic & flammable liquid) –
for custody transfer - 1C
 Internal Floating roof with N2 blanket (For Toxic
& flammable liquid) – Not for Custody transfer -
1N
 Cone roof (Atmospheric pressure ) with N2
blanket - for custody transfer - 2C
 Cone roof with N2 blanket – Not for custody
transfer - 2N

Types Of Tanks At JamnagarTypes Of Tanks At Jamnagar
 Cone roof Custody transfer - 3C
 Cone roof not for Custody transfer - 3N
 Open Floating roof for custody transfer -4C
 Open Floating roof not for custody transfer -4N
 Sphere - SC

Level / UllageLevel / Ullage
U lla g e
I n n a g e
S a f e F illin g h ig h t
P r o d u c t s u r f a c e
D a t u m P la t e

ATG ObjectiveATG Objective (1)(1)
Raw parameter measurements in tank
Level
Temperature
Hydrostatic Pressure
Static Pressure
Water bottom

ATG Objective (2)ATG Objective (2)
Calculated Tank Inventory
Gross volume @ amb.
Net Volume @ amb.
Net standard volume @ 15 deg C.
Mass
Ullage

Types of Tank gaugingTypes of Tank gauging
 Servo
 Hydrostatic
 Radar

Servo gaugesServo gauges
 Static force transducer, which
continuously measures the
weight of the displacer,
controlling the position of a
grooved drum
 Density and interface
measurement (for clean
products only)
 Specialized maintenance
required.

Hydrostatic tank gaugesHydrostatic tank gauges
 Hydrostatic pressure,
measured near the bottom of
the tank.
Direct innage
measurement
No standpipe required
No moving parts
Accurate direct mass
measurement ( + 0.1%)
 Density = (P1 - P2) / H
 L = C + [ P1 / Density ]
c

Radar type level transmitterRadar type level transmitter.
 The time delay between a
transmitted and reflected
microwave signal is used
to measure the distance
between the gauge and
the liquid surface.
 D = t/2c
Where: t = time of
flight & c = speed of
light (c = 186,000
miles/sec )
 No moving parts
 No contact with the liquid
 High level accuracy of +/-
1 mm

Radar - The Method FMCWRadar - The Method FMCW

Radar – for Tank GaugingRadar – for Tank Gauging
 Refineries
 Independent tank
terminals
 Marketing terminals
 Pipeline terminals
 Petrochemical
industry
 Liquefied gas
terminals
 Airports

Tank dippingTank dipping
 It is performed by lowering a
tape covered with paste
through the dip pipe of the
tank and determining the
ullage on basis of the location
of the colour change of the
paste.
 Accuracy at best +/- 2 mm
which is twice as inaccurate
as the other tank gauging
methods.

Reliance ATG SystemReliance ATG System
Supplied by : M/S SAAB, Sweden.
Indian Representative : M/S Jost Eng.
Pune.
Consultant : Bechtel Ltd.

SAAB - Pioneers in Radar TankSAAB - Pioneers in Radar Tank
GaugingGauging
...Saab Rosemount
 30 years experience in Radar Level Gauging
 Radar for every tank and product
 Largest number of accuracy approvals
 Largest installed base of Radar Tank Gauges

Large Installed BaseLarge Installed Base

Why Saab Was SelectedWhy Saab Was Selected
 No Moving Part
 Proven Radar Technique-can Be Used For White
& Black Oils With Different Gauge Head.
 Meeting Custody Transfer Requirements
 Proven For Interfacing With Foxboro.

SAAB System ComponentsSAAB System Components
 Radar Level Gauge
 Multi Spot Temperature Probe
 Single Spot Temperature Probe
 Bottom Water Level Probe
 Vapour/N2 Pressure Transmitter
 Hydrostatic Pressure Transmitter
 Data Acquisition Unit
 Independent Display Unit
 Field Communication Unit
 Field Bus Modem
 OPI Station - HMI

Rex, Custody Transfer AccuracyRex, Custody Transfer Accuracy
1 LNE, France
2 PTB, Germany
3 NMi, Netherlands
4 OIML, International
5 TankRadar
API +- 1/8”
Saab TankRadar
®®

Radar Tank GaugesRadar Tank Gauges

Horn Antenna Gauge – RTGHorn Antenna Gauge – RTG
2920/39202920/3920
 Fixed roof tanks
 Clean products
 Small tank nozzles,
8” or larger
 Easy installation on
tanks in operation
 No maintenance

Parabolic Antenna Gauge – RTG 2930/3930Parabolic Antenna Gauge – RTG 2930/3930
 Excellent for heavy products
 Fixed roof tanks
 All types of products
 Custody transfer accuracy
 Close to the tank wall
 No maintenance

Reliable antennas for heavy duty serviceReliable antennas for heavy duty service
Rough environments!
After four months in a Sulphur tank
Exposed to asphalt heated to 230°C

Still Pipe Gauge – RTG 2940/3950Still Pipe Gauge – RTG 2940/3950
 Floating roof tanks
 External / Internal floaters
 Installed on existing still pipe
 Unaffected by rust and
deposits on the still pipe
 5”, 6”, 8”, 10” & 12” pipes

Still pipe gauge – 3950 in Floating roofStill pipe gauge – 3950 in Floating roof
tanktank

LPG / LNG Gauge – RTG 2960/3960LPG / LNG Gauge – RTG 2960/3960
 LPG and LNG
 Sphere and Bullet Tanks
 150 – 600 PSI
 All serviceable parts
outside the tank

Power Supply to REXPower Supply to REX
 100 - 240 VAC
 Low voltage version:
 34 - 70 AC
 48 - 100 VDC
 Easy start up
 Easy commissioning
 Easy to connect to existing systems

REX INPUT's and OUTPUT's Overview

AccuracyAccuracy
 Level :- +/- 1 mm
 Bottom Water Level :- +/- 3 % Of Full Range.
 Temperature :- +/- 0.1 Deg C
 Hydrostatic Pressure:- +/- 0.1 % Of Full Scale
 Static Pressure:- +/- 0.1 % Of Full Scale

SAAB System configurationSAAB System configuration

Redundant SystemRedundant System

Emulation – Control Room ConnectivityEmulation – Control Room Connectivity

CalibrationCalibration GuidelinesGuidelines
Do not calibrate when
 The tank is emptying or filling
 Agitators are running.
 When there is windy condition.
 When there is foam on the surface.

Custody TransferCustody Transfer
Metering SystemMetering System

PurposePurpose
CTM system can be used for
 Receipt of Raw materials
 Sale of products / by-products to external
customers
 Transfer between legal entities within the
complex
 Metering for customs & excise payments

CTM RequirementsCTM Requirements
 This metering metering should be acceptable to
--W&M authority of the country
--And product buyer / Seller
 Flow metering shall be done as per acceptable
international standards e.g., API manual of
Petroleum measurement standards

Locations of CTMLocations of CTM
Plant1
Company A
CTM Plant2
Company B
CTM
CTM Gantry
Ship
loading
Rail/Road
loading

 Provision for inline validation/proving of the flow
meters
 Verification of the complete system against
standard instead of electronics/sensor calibration
only as in case of ordinary flow meters.

A reliable flow measurement system should consist
of
 Accurate flow meters with pressure, temperature
and density compensation
 Tantalization of the flow over a period of time/in a
batch - gross volume, gross standard volume,
gross mass

Custody Transfer MeasurementsCustody Transfer Measurements
Following type of flow meters/systems have been
accepted as suitable for custody transfer
metering by the oil & gas industry based on their
performance, accuracy, repeatability and
reliability:
(1) Mass Flow meters
(2) Turbine Meters
(3) Positive Displacement Meters
(4) Ultrasonic Meters
(5) Automatic Tank Gauging

Turbine meterTurbine meter
 More compact then
other meters.
 Widely accepted for
Custody transfer.
 Greater maximum flow
range for low viscous
refined products.

Turbine meterTurbine meter
 Requires straight run
or straightening
vanes.
 Relatively high
pressure drop /
cavitations.

Positive Displacement metersPositive Displacement meters
 measures the flow of
the fluid directly.
 It sweeps out a known
volume every cycle
and therefore the flow
is this volume
multiplied by the
cycles per second.
wheels

Positive Displacement metersPositive Displacement meters
 Very good Linearity.
 No straight run or
straightening vanes.
 Good for heavy viscous
products.
wheels

Ultrasonic Flow meterUltrasonic Flow meter
 Based on difference in
transit-time method.
 New technology.
 Viscosity independent.
 No filter / strainers
required.

Ultrasonic Flow meterUltrasonic Flow meter
 Requires straight run.
 Large sizes available.
 Suitable for Bi-directional
flow.

Coriolis Mass Flow meterCoriolis Mass Flow meter
 Works on Newton’s
second low of motion.
a = m / Fe
 Measures mass,
volume, density &
temp. w/o secondary
instrumentation.

Coriolis Mass Flow meterCoriolis Mass Flow meter
 High accuracy,
repeatability and
turndown.
 Limited to 6” meter
size.
 Sensitive to pipe
geometry & vibration.

CTM System at RelianceCTM System at Reliance
Supplied by : M/S Smith Meters, USA.

Meter Run & SkidMeter Run & Skid
 At Reliance, 32 no of Metering Skid located in
four different areas.
 Meter Run
A Pipe line consisting of custody meter & its
associated equipments.
 Metering Skid
Group of meter runs called metering skid.
One skid can have up to six meter runs

RPLRTF
RRTF
MTF
SPMJETTYJKPL
p.c.nap.-14" p.c.naptha
18"
10" A.R.Napt.
URG-10"
14"
URG
12" RFG
Bz-8"
OX-8"
10"
PX-6" PX
8" LAB k
14"
sko-8" sko
HSD-16"
12"
ATF-8" ATF
12" LPG
24" Dis.
RW
611
102
crude-30"
RW
611
103
FO-10"
MM
812
101
PX-16"
MM
812
102
MM
813
109
MM
813
110
MM
813
108
MM
813
106
MM
813
105
MM
813
107
MM
813
101
PCN-24"
MM
813
104
gaso-24"
MM
813102
kero-24"
MM
813
113
hsd/sko-24"
MM
813
112
disl-24"
MM
813
114
RS
651
080
6"
Methanol
RW
611
104
10"
LPG
RS
652
100
RS
651
090
RS
651
085
RS
652
095
RS
652
090
RS
652
085
RS
652
080
RS
652
065
MM
814
101
NOTE:- Indicates Bidirectional Meter
Indicates Unidirectional Meter
Px-8"
MX.-6"
RS
651
095
RW
631
118
10"
AY
231
001
RIL
RPL
HNHU & PLATFORMER
DATE:-08/09/97
MM
813
111
RW
631
117
PROPYLENE-8"
FISCAL METERING SKIDS
PLATFORMATE
RW
611
101
crude-30"

System ConfigurationSystem Configuration
M O D B U S
I N T - 3 0
S M I T H C O N T R O L P A N E L
G E O P R O V
F L O W C O M P U T E R
( G E O f lo w )
( G E O f lo w )
( G E O f lo w )
P R O V E R IN S T R U M E N T S
S K I D M E T E R R U N F I E L D IN S T R U M E N T S
T O O T H E R P R O V E R C O M P U T E R W I T H I N
S A M E P I B
F O X - IA D C S S Y S T E M
P C C
P IB
F IE L D
D C S - C u s t o d y T r a n s f e r M e t e r i n g S y s t e m I n t e r f a c e b lo c k d ia g r a m
A W - 5 1 W P
M 1 M 2 M 3
S K I D - 1
S K I D - 2 S K I D - n
R S 4 2 2 R e d u n d a n t
G E O P R O V G E O P R O V
S u p e r v i s o r y
C o m p u t e r
S M IT H
S u p e r v i s o r y
C o m p u t e r
S M IT H

Design PhilosophyDesign Philosophy
 No bypass arrangement of Skid.
 N+1 meter run for stand-by & master meter.
 Individual Flow computer / meter run.
 Individual Prover computer / Skid
 Redundant Supervisory computer / PIB.
 Online density measurement

Metering skids with RelianceMetering skids with Reliance
• Two Meter run with Portable prover
• Two Meter run with Fixed Prover
• Three meter run with Portable prover.
• Three Meter run with Fixed Prover

Accuracy / RepeatabilityAccuracy / Repeatability
• Over all Skid
• Accuracy: +/- 0.25 %
• Repeatability : +/- 0.02 %
• Turbine Meter
• Accuracy: +/- 0.15 %
• Repeatability : +/- 0.02 %
• Density Meter
• Accuracy : 0.0001 g/cc
• Fixed volume prover
• Accuracy: +/- 0.02 %

Equipments Associated with aEquipments Associated with a
metering skidmetering skid
Each meter run consists of
 Flow computer
 Strainer
 Flow straightener
 Turbine flow meter
 Flow control valve
 Pressure Transmitter/Gauge
 Temperature Transmitter/Gauge
 O/L MOV, Prover I/L MOV
 Air eliminator

Smith CTM SkidSmith CTM Skid

Equipments Associated with aEquipments Associated with a
metering skidmetering skid
Common equipments for each skid
 Density Meter with pump for constant
flow/pressure
 Prover Computer
Sets of metering skids are monitored/
controlled by
 Redundant Supervisory Computers

Flow ComputersFlow Computers
 GEOFLOW
– All process parameters related to a meter run
are routed to Flow computer
– Calculates gross & net volumes
– Calculate Mass flow
– Alarm indication
– Link to prover computer

 GEOPROV
• Performs proving & Calculates meter factor
• Alarm indication
• MOV control
• Communication with Supervisory computer
• All flow computers for a metering skid
communicate to prover computer
• All process parameters related to prover are
routed to prover computer

Supervisory Computer
• Rate control at start-up, shutdown & during
loading
• Flow balancing of multiple meter runs
• Reports
• Diagnostics
• RS-485/422 link to DCS / OMIS
• Continuous updating of offline computer

ReferencesReferences
 As per Bechtel Specification
 Confirm to
– API - Ch.5/Sec.5.3 - for “ Metering of liquid
hydrocarbons by turbine meters
– API - Ch.4 for “ Proving system”

CTM CalibrationCTM Calibration
In-line calibration method
• In-line calibration method is usually applied for
the calibration of custody transfer meters without
disturbing the product flow to/from units,
buyer/seller
• Calibration shall be done at the conditions same
as at the time of product flow i.e., same
temperature/ pressure/density/flow rate

CTM CalibrationCTM Calibration
Off-line calibration method
• Custody Transfer flow meter removal &
calibration at FCRI.

Terminal AutomationTerminal Automation
System GantrySystem Gantry
Supplied by : M/S Hoffer

ComponentsComponents
 Batch Control Unit
 Filter/strainer with air eliminator
 Flow meter
 Digital set-stop valve
 Temperature Transmitter
 Over-fill switch
 Earthing Relay

Meter Factor ( MF )Meter Factor ( MF )
 Reference API Chapter 12.2
 Meter calibrated against a reference called
Prover
 MF ratio of Prover to Metered volume
 Metered volumes compensated or corrected for
pressures and temperatures on steel ( 1,3 )
and liquid ( 2,4 )
 MF may be re defined as follows:
[ V * C1 * C2 * C3 * C4 ]P
MF = --------------------------------
[ V * C1 * C2 * C3 * C4 ]M

CTM ProversCTM Provers

ProverProver
 It is an equipment used for complete calibration
of Custody transfer meter runs.
 Types of Prover
– Tank Prover
– Pipe Prover
– Master Meter
– Small Volume Prover ( SVP )

Reliance ProversReliance Provers
 Bi-Directional Conventional ( fixed volume)
prover
• Fixed
• Portable
 Master Meter Proving
 Tank Prover for Gantry meters

Tank ProverTank Prover

Bi-Directional Pipe ProverBi-Directional Pipe Prover
Positive Displacement Bi-directional BAll Prover
Meter Under Test
4-WAy Valve
Detector # 1
Detector # 2
Inflatable Sphere
Pulse Counter

Bi-Directional Pipe ProverBi-Directional Pipe Prover

Prover SphereProver Sphere

Provers with RelianceProvers with Reliance
Fixed prover for Raw materials
Crude
IFO
Methanol
Portable Prover
Diesel / kerosene
Naphtha / Gasoline
Aromatics
Aviation Turbine Fuel
LPG / Propylene

Master Meter ProverMaster Meter Prover
 Reference API Chapter 4.5
 Indirect method of proving
 Any existing meter with same or better accuracy,
can be used as a master meter and dedicated to
proving service only – used infrequently resulting
in less wear & tear
 Operates in series with custody meter and shall
give gross volumes without corrections
 A minimum of two minutes flow and 10,000 pulse
output from meter is desired

Prover calibrationProver calibration
Proving Of Prover
• W & M Approved Third party
• Once in 3 years for portable provers and once
in 5 years for fixed provers
• Reliance proved its provers in Jan 2005 by
Shell Global Solutions, Malaysia.

Custody Transfer Meter certificationCustody Transfer Meter certification
 Approval required for each meter run once in a
year
 W&M Inspector visit the site, check the
calibration & stamp on the flow meter.

CalibrationCalibration
 Vendor’s master prover is proved by water draw
method
 Vendor’s master meter is proved against master
prover at site
 Client’s prover is proved against vendor’s master
meter
Water
Draw
Vendor
Prover
Vendor
MM
Client’s
Prover
Client’s
MM
Client’s
Meter
Once a
year
Frequently
at Client’s
site
Once in 3/5
years
Once in
year
Based on
site
experience

ATG Vs CTMATG Vs CTM
 When factors, such as capital costs and
operating expenses, are weighed, tank gauging
may be a better choice for large displacements
as the errors are within the limitations.
 However for small displacements Custody flow
metering with compensation is better solution.

End Of PresentationEnd Of Presentation
Thanks for the listening ears.

41 Atg&Ctm Fope06

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41 Atg&Ctm Fope06