Henry I established new monasteries and fostered new monastic orders like the Cistercians. After his death, England was divided in its support for either Stephen or Empress Matilda in the succession dispute to the throne. The country descended into civil war from 1139-1153 as each side fought for control. Eventually, a peace treaty in 1153 recognized Henry, son of Matilda, as Stephen's heir, allowing Stephen to remain king for the rest of his life. Stephen's reign was seen as a time of disorder and lack of justice.