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4. core 3 unit 3 thorndike trial and error
- The document describes a core course on learning and teaching theories with a focus on behavioral theories. - It includes 10 essay questions to be answered over 3 hours, with each question worth 10 marks and a maximum of 600 words. - The key topics covered are the meaning of learning according to behaviorists, classical conditioning, Thorndike's law of effect, operant conditioning and shaping, social learning, and the basic assumptions and strengths/limitations of behavioral theories. - Thorndike's law of effect and trial-and-error learning are specifically discussed, using the example of a hungry cat learning to escape from a cage to get food.
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4. core 3 unit 3 thorndike trial and error
- 1. I Year B.Ed- CORE 3 LEARNING AND TEACHING Ms R SRIDEVI Assistant Professor, Pedagogy of Mathematics, Loyola College of Education Chennai 34 UNIT III BEHAVOURIAL THEORIES OF LEARNING Law of effect (Thorndike) / Trial and Error of Method of Learning
- 2. The questions andallotment of marks are as described below: • Type of course : Full course • Type of Questions : Essay type • Questions : 10 • To answer : 7 • Marks : Each carries 10 marks • Total marks : 70 ( 7 x 10 ) • Maximum word : 600 words / 5 sides for each question • Time : 3 hrs
- 3. Unit III BEHAVOURIAL THEORIESOF LEARNING • Learning : Meaning of Learning as defined by behaviourists • Classical Conditioning (Pavlov) • Law of effect (Thorndike) • Operant conditioning and shaping (Skinner) • Social learning (Bandura) • Basic assumptions of behavioural theory • Strengths and Limitations.
- 4. LEARNING THEORIES ASSOCIATION THEORIES •S - R FIELD THEORIES • Cognitive
- 5. ASSOCIATION THEOERY THORNDIKE’S TRIAL & ERROR PAVLOV’SCLASSICAL CONDITIONING SKINNER’S OPERANT CONDITIONING WATSON’S CONDITIONING THEORY FIELD THEORY KOHLER’S LEARNING BY INSIGHT BANDURA LEARNING BY OBSERVATION
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- 7. Edward Lee Thorndike, AmericalPsychologist 1874 - 1949
- 8. The hungry catwas put inside a cage. Food – A piece of fish was kept outside the cage.
- 9. The cat maderandom movements like Jumping, Hitting, Dashing and Pushing the bars.
- 10. After such trialand error activities, the cat succeeded in pulling the string to open the door and came out of the cage.
- 11. Every time whenthe cat came out of the cage, it was again put inside the cage.
- 12. On subsequent trials,the cat took shorter and shorter periods of time, and committed less and less number of errors.
- 13. Finally, the catlearnt to come out easily by pulling the loop of string.
- 14. FEATURES OF TRIALAND ERROR LEARNING • With the increase in the number of trials, random activities decrease. • Learning by trial and error is gradual. • There is learning when there is motive. (The cat was hungry). • The learner makes random and varied responses (Cat claws, Scratches, Dashes and Hits the cage). • After several trial and error activities, the learner attains the correct learning.
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- 16. • Law ofReadiness Individuals learn the best when they are ready to learn and understand the reason for learning.
- 17. • Law ofExercise Repetition is basic to learning; things most often repeated are easily remembered
- 18. This law isseen in two perspective • Law of Use If we repeat things again and again we remember things easily • Law of Disuse If we loose touch it is difficult to remember
- 19. • Law ofEffect Learning will always be much more effective when a feeling of satisfaction accompanies the process
- 20. SECONDARY LAWS • Lawof Multiple Response If the individual wants to solve a puzzle he responds in a variety of ways before arriving at the correct response
- 21. • Law ofAttitude Attitude or Mental set leads to perform the task well.
- 22.