The document summarizes a seminar presentation on 3G cellular telephony. It discusses the evolution from 1G to 2G to 3G networks, highlighting technologies like WCDMA, CDMA2000, and TD-SCDMA. It covers applications of 3G like mobile TV and video calling. Advantages include improved voice quality and broadband data access. Challenges include a lack of killer apps and issues with global standards. The future may include 4G networks and technologies like WiMAX and greater spectral efficiency.

1. SEMINAR ON
3G CELLULAR
TELEPHONY
Presented by—
Mayank Tiwari Satish Chandra Rabha Ranjan Phukan
B.Tech 6th Sem B.Tech 6th Sem B.Tech 6th Sem
Roll No-15 Roll No-04 Roll No-02
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,
ASSAM UNIVERSITY SILCHAR
1

2. Contents
 Introduction to cellular telephony.
 Introduction to 3G technology.
 History of 3G cellular telephony.
 Evolution of 3G telephony.
 Technologies.
 Applications.
 Advantages.
 Problems with 3G.
 Next to 3G.
 Present and future perspective.
 Summary.
2

3. Introduction
 Cellular telephony derives its name
from the partition of a geographic area
into small cells.
 Each cell is covered by
A local radio transmitter and
A receiver.
3

4. Cellular Network Structure
 MSC is the component of
a GSM system that carries out call
switching and mobility
management functions for mobile
phones roaming on the network of
base stations.
 It is owned and deployed by mobile
phone operators and allows mobile
devices to communicate with each
other and telephones in the
wider Public Switched Telephone
Network or (PSTN). 4

5. Structure of Cellular Network
 MSC-Mobile Switching Center.
Public (Wired)
Telephone
Network
MSC MSC
5

6. Cellular Telephony-
 Cellular telephony encompasses the
use of cellular phones to
place voice calls,
exchange short messages,
transmit data,
browse the web, and
issue multimedia calls.
6

7. Difference with Landline
Telephony
 Mobile subscriber can talk while on
move without any disruption.
 The nearest base station will provide
the service to him.
 Handoff may take place between base
stations.
7

8. Introduction to 3G
Technology
 International Mobile
Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-
2000), better known as 3G or 3rd
Generation, is a family of standards
for mobile telecommunications fulfilling
specifications by the International
Telecommunication.
 Services include wide-area wireless
voice telephone, video calls, and
wireless data, all in a mobile
environment. 8

9. Introduction to 3G Technology
 3G allows simultaneous use of speech
and data services and higher data
rates (at least 200 kbit/s peak bit rate
to fulfill to IMT-2000 specification).
 Today's 3G systems can offer practice
of up to 14.0 Mbit/s on the downlink
and 5.8 Mbit/s on the uplink.
9

10. History of 3G Cellular
Telephony
 First pre-commercial 3G network was
launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in
May 2001 on a pre-release of W-
CDMA technology.
 First commercial launch of 3G was
also by NTT DoCoMo in Japan on 1
October 2001.
 First commercial United States 3G
network was by Monet Mobile
Networks, on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO
technology.
10

11. History of 3G Cellular
Telephony
 In December 2007, 190 3G networks
were operating in 40 countries.
 In 2008, India launched 3G service.
 It was launched by Mahanagar
Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL)in
Delhi and Mumbai.
 BSNL is providing 3G license and has
been operating its services in 380
cities by the end of March 2010.
11

12. Evolution of 3G Cellular
Telephony-
12

13. 1G cellular systems
 First commercial cellular network was
Nordic Mobile Telephone(NMT)
network(1981).
 Advanced Mobile Phone
Service(AMPS) developed in United
States(1983).
 These were analog cellular systems.
 It is referred to as first generation or
1G.
13

14. 2G Cellular Systems
• Digital systems were invented due to
Increase in cellular subscribers.
Increase in the need for increased network
capacity.
• The European initiated Global System
for mobile communication (GSM).
• United States initiated Code Division
Multiple Access.(CDMA).
• These digital systems form the second
generation cellular system or 2G.
14

15. 2.5 G cellular Systems
 2G has the following disadvantages:
Single voice channel.
Only one wireless bearer slot of a GSM carrier
band is allocated.
Transfer rate is limited to 9.6 kbps.
Subscriber is charged for voice calls on a
connection-time basis.
 An improvement was made by using
multiple bearer slots for the same call.
15

16. 2.5 G cellular Systems
 For better data services, General
packet Radio Service(GPRS) was
developed.
 It can inter-work with external packet
data networks such as Internet.
 Faster data transfer rate near about
115 kbps was achieved.
 It forms the 2.5G cellular systems.
16

17. 3G Cellular Systems
 Evolution towards third generation was
driven by the need of:
Higher capacity.
Faster data rates.
Better quality of service.
 Also it was required to resolve many
incompatibilities, such as
 Mobile roaming between different systems.
 These problems were also resolved by
3G.
17

18. Evolution of Mobile Communications
Evolution of Mobile
Communications
1G(Analog) 2G(Digital) 3G(Wideband)
GSM
AMPS 900/1800/1900
CDMA
IS-95
TACS IMT-2000
TDMA
IS-136
NMT
PDC
18

19. Technologies
 3G Technologies:
WCDMA or UMTS-FDD (Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System -
Frequency Division Duplex)---Direct
Spread
CDMA2000 - 1x-EvDO/EvDV---Multi
carrier
UMTS – TDD (Time Division Duplex) or
TD-SCDMA (Time Division -
Synchronous Code Division Multiple
Access) ---Time Code
19

20. UMTS-FDD / WCDMA
 Wideband Direct Sequence Code
Division Multiple Access.
 Does not assign a specific frequency
to each user.
 Instead every channel uses the full
available spectrum.
 Individual conversations are encoded
with a pseudo-random digital
sequence.
20

21. CDMA2000
 CDMA2000 1x system offers higher bit
rates compared to CDMAOne
(approximately 144 kbps).
 CDMA20001x-EvDO (evolution data
optimized) allocates separate 1.25
MHz wireless carrier for data.
 CDMA20001x-EvDV(evolution data
and voice) recombines data and voice
into single wireless carrier, for real
time data exchange.
21

22. UMTS – TDD
 Universal Mobile Telecommunications
System(UMTS) - time-division
duplexing(TDD).
 It is a 3GPP standardized version
of UMTS networks.
22

23. TD-SCDMA
 Time Division Synchronous Code
Division Multiple Access.
 Time division duplex (TDD)
 Good match for asymmetrical traffic.
 Single spectral band (1.6 MHz) possible
 Costs relatively low
Handset smaller and may cost less
Power consumption lower
TDD has the highest spectrum efficiency
 Power amplifiers must be very linear
Relatively hard to meet specifications.
23

24. 3G Capabilities
 Voice quality comparable to the public switched
telephone network.
 144 Kbps- user in high-speed motor vehicles.
 384 Kbps- moving slowly over small areas.
 Up to 2 Mbps- fixed applications like office use
 Symmetrical/asymmetrical data transmission
rates.
 Support for both packet switched and circuit
switched data services like Internet Protocol (IP)
traffic and real time video.
24

25. Applications
 Mobile TV – a provider redirects a TV
channel directly to the subscriber's
phone where it can be watched.
 Video on demand – a provider sends
a movie to the subscriber's phone.
 Video conferencing – subscribers
can see as well as talk to each other.
25

26. Applications
 Tele-medicine – a medical provider
monitors or provides advice to the
potentially isolated subscriber.
 Location-based services – a
provider sends localized weather or
traffic conditions to the phone, or the
phone allows the subscriber to find
nearby businesses or friends.
26

27. Advantages
 It provides
faster connectivity,
faster internet access, and
 music entertainment with improved quality.
 3G Mobile phone can be used as a
modem for computer and can mail the
important documents.
27

28. Advantages
 Improved digital voice communications.
 Larger Bandwidth – Higher Data rate
 Greater subscriber capacity.
 Fast packet-based data services like e-
mail, short message service (SMS), and
Internet access at broadband speeds.
28

29. Advantages
 Mostcarriers also expect consumers
to want :
location services
interactive gaming
streaming video
home monitoring and control
29

30. Problems with 3G
 No killer application for wireless data as yet.
 Vendor-driven.
 The original goal of 3G is to provide a
worldwide standard, but along the
way, money got the better of common
sense.
 Basex released a report saying companies
need to prepare their plan for the 3G
wireless world as soon as they can. The
report believes there are many problems
facing mobile telecom industry on 3G
standard, how to adopt it. 30

31. 3G Vision
 Universal global roaming
 Multimedia (voice, data & video)
 Increased data rates
384 kbps while moving
2 Mbps when stationary at specific
locations
 Increased capacity (more spectrally
efficient)
31

32. What next after 3G?
• The future path has fractured 3G & 3G & 4G &
WLAN & WLAN & WLAN &
into a number of possibilities Brdcst Ad-hoc Brdcst
2.5G &
• Operators and vendors must WLAN
create viable strategies to 3G+ & 4G &
3G+ &
prosper within this complexity 3G &
WLAN
WLAN & WLAN &
WLAN Ad-hoc Ad-hoc
GPRS/ 4G &
EDGE 3G+ WLAN
(2.5G)
W-CDMA 4G
(3G)
GSM
(2G)
1990 2000 2010
32

33. 3G Technology: Present &
Future Perspectives
 India is the fastest growing and the
second largest telecom market in the
world.
 3G networks enable network operators
to offer users a wider range of more
advanced services while achieving
greater network capacity through
improved spectral efficiency. Services
include wide-area wireless voice
telephony, video calls, and broadband
wireless data, all in a mobile
33

34. 3G Technology: Present &
Future
Perspectives
 WiMAX is a telecommunications
technology that provides wireless
transmission of data using a variety of
transmission modes, from point-to-
multipoint links to portable and fully
mobile internet access.
 The technology provides up to 72
Mbit/s symmetric broadband speed
without the need for cables.
34

35. 3G Technology: Present &
Future
Perspectives
 This makes WiMAX a technology of
choice as a backhaul for 3G,
especially in a country like India where
villages are far flung and isolated.
35

36. Summary
 3G wireless services are rapidly
spreading the global market place with
CDMA as the preferred technology
solution
 The following are the key 3G
Technologies that have emerged to be
the key commercial players:
CDMA2000 1X
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO
UMTS/WCDMA
36

37. Summary
 WCDMA is one of them, which provides:-
Larger Bandwidth – Higher Data rate – Lower
cost
Greater subscriber capacity
IMT-2000 Radio interface standard offers 3G
standard
 4G still in a formative stage .
 Frequency bands less than 5 GHz preferred
for wide-area, mobile services
 4G system bandwidth between 20 and 100
MHz
 Lower cost per bit than 3G
37

38. References
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3G
 www.3g-generation.com
 www.3gtoday.com
38

39. Thank You
39