3d printing technology, Machines available for 3d printing, Industrial application of 3D printing technology, Machines available in market for 3D printing, Types of 3D printing, Metal 3D printing, Products manufactured by 3D printing, Future scope of manufacturing by 3D printing.

1. •3D Printing is a process
that allows creation of
objects, built layer by
layer.
•3D printers can be used
to create an endless array
of things

2. 3D PRINTING:
 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is
the construction of a three-dimensional
object from a CAD model or a digital 3D
model.
 The term "3D printing" can refer to a variety
of processes in which material is deposited,
joined or solidified under computer control
to create a three-dimensional object, with
material being added together (such as
plastics, liquids or powder grains being
fused together), typically layer by layer.
 In the 1980s, 3D printing techniques were
considered suitable only for the production
of functional or aesthetic prototypes, and a
more appropriate term for it at the time was
rapid prototyping.
 As of 2019, the precision, repeatability, and
material range of 3D printing have increased
to the point that some 3D printing
processes are considered viable as an
industrial-production technology, whereby
the term additive manufacturing can be
used synonymously with 3D printing.
 One of the key advantages of 3D printing is
the ability to produce very complex shapes
or geometries that would be otherwise
impossible to construct by hand, including
hollow parts or parts with internal truss
structures to reduce weight. Fused
deposition modeling (FDM), which uses a
continuous filament of a thermoplastic
material, is the most common 3D printing
process in use as of 2020.

3.  Description:
Creality 3D Official Ender 3 V2 with Silent
Motherboard, Resume printing with Glass bed,
size 220 X 220 X250 mm.
PRICE: 9,299.00
Weblink:
www.amazon.in
3D PRINTING:

4.  DESCRIPTION:
Creality WOL3D Creality Ender 3 V2 FDM All
Metal 3D Printers Kit with Upgraded Silent
Motherboard, Carborundum Glass Bed,
Mean Well Power Supply - 220x220x250mm.
 Price: 19,299.00
 Weblink: www.amazon.in
3D PRINTING:

5. DESCRIPTION:
 Creality WOL3D Creality Ender 3 V2 FDM
All Metal 3D Printers Kit with Upgraded
Silent Motherboard, Carborundum Glass
Bed, Mean Well Power Supply -
220x220x250mm.
 PRICE: 19,299.00
 Website: www.amazon.in
3D PRINTING:

6. DESCRIPTION:
 3IDEA Geeetech E180 3D Printer | 3.2'' Full
Color Touch Screen | Resume Printing | High
Precision | Remote Control | Build Volume -
130x130x130mm (White) .
 PRICE: 26,249.00
 Weblink: www.amazon.in
3D PRINTING:

7. PRODUCTS MADE BY 3D PRINTING:
 ARTIFICIAL ORGANS
 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
 CAMERA LENCES
 BIKES
 TOYS
 MEDICAL MODELS
www. https://www.hp.com/us-en/shop/tech-takes/guide-to-3d-printing-materials

8. PRODUCTS MADE BY 3D PRINTING:

9. 3D PRINTING MACHINE:

10. Drawing of 3D PRINTING SETUP:

11. 3D PRINTING MACHINE SET UP:

12. PROCESS OF DATA FLOW IN
3D PRINTING
Computer
Software
3D Printer
Product

13. 3D PRINTING MATERIAL
 NYLON
 ABS
 RESIN
 STAINLESS STEEL
 GOLD / SILVER
 TITANIUM
 CERAMIC
www. https://www.hp.com/us-en/shop/tech-takes/guide-to-3d-printing-materials

14. TYPES OF 3D PRINTING
Types of 3D Printing Technology:
 Stereolithography (SLA)
 Selective Laser Melting (SLM)
 Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
 Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
 Digital Light Process (DLP)
 Multi Jet Fusion (MJF)
 PolyJet.
 Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)
 Electron Beam Melting (EBM)

15. Stereolithography (SLA):
 Stereolithography is a 3D Printing process
which uses a computer-controlled moving
laser beam, pre-programmed using
CAM/CAD software. Stereolithography (SL) is
an industrial 3D printing process used to
create concept models, cosmetic - rapid
prototypes, and complex parts with intricate
geometries in as fast as 1 day.

16. Selective laser melting (SLM)
• Selective laser melting (SLM) is a specific 3D printing
technique, which utilizes high power-density laser to fully
melt and fuse metallic powders to produce near net-
shape parts with near full density (up to 99.9% relative
density).
• Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the new additive
manufacturing techniques that emerged in the late
1980s and 1990s. During the SLM process, a product
is formed by selectively melting successive layers of
powder by the interaction of a laser beam

17. Selective laser sintering (SLS)
 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive
manufacturing (AM) technique that uses a laser as the
power source to sinter powdered material (typically nylon
or polyamide), aiming the laser automatically at points in
space defined by a 3D model, binding the material
together to create a solid structure. It is similar to
selective laser melting; the two are instantiations of the
same concept but differ in technical details. SLS (as well
as the other mentioned AM techniques) is a relatively new
technology that so far has mainly been used for rapid
prototyping and for low-volume production of component
parts. Production roles are expanding as the
commercialization of AM technology improves.

18. Difference between SLM & SLS :
 In SLM, powdered material is melted,
whereas in SLS the powder is heated
below its melting point (sintering).
 When laser heats the powder material to
below melting point, it forms solid by
fusion. The working principle is almost
same in both printing method.

19. Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
 Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a technology where the
melt extrusion method is used to deposit filaments of
thermal plastics according to a specific pattern. Similar to
3DP, the layout for FDM consists of a printhead able to move
along X and Y directions above a build platform.
 Fused Deposition Modeling is a solid-based rapid prototyping
method that extrudes material layer-by-layer to build a model.
The system consists of a build platform, extrusion nozzle, and
control system. This is a fast and cost effective process great
for proving designs, fit and function testing, small production
runs, jigs, and fixtures.

20. Digital Light Process (DLP)
 DLP (Digital Light Processing) is a similar process to stereolithography in that it is
a 3D printing process that works with photopolymers.
 The major difference is the light source. DLP uses a more conventional light
source, such as an arc lamp with a liquid crystal display panel, which is applied to
the entire surface of the vat of photopolymer resin in a single pass, generally
making it faster than SL.
 Also like SL, DLP produces highly accurate parts with excellent resolution, but its
similarities also include the same requirements for support structures and post-
curing.
 However, one advantage of DLP over SL is that only a shallow vat of resin is
required to facilitate the process, which generally results in less waste and lower
running costs.
 This process offers quick prototyping capabilities with exceptional quality, good
accuracy and nice surface finish, using DLP projector light as a source for curing.

21. Multi Jet Fusion
 Multi Jet Fusion is an industrial 3D printing
process that produces functional nylon
prototypes and end-use production parts in as
fast as 1 day.
 Final parts exhibit quality surface finishes, fine
feature resolution, and more consistent
mechanical properties when compared to
processes like selective laser sintering.

22. PolyJet is a powerful 3D printing
 PolyJet is a powerful 3D printing
technology that produces smooth,
accurate parts, prototypes and tooling.
 With microscopic layer resolution and
accuracy down to 0.014 mm, it can produce
thin walls and complex geometries using
the widest range of materials available with
any technology.

23. Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)
 DMLS is a 3D printing process, which uses a computer-controlled, high-power
laser beam to melt and fuse layers of metallic powder together.
 Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is an industrial 3D printing process that
builds fully functional - rapid metal prototypes and production parts in 7 days
or less. A range of metals produce final parts that can be used for end-use
applications.

24. Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) used in fabrication of
Prototypes
 Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) fabricates
metal prototypes and tools directly from computer
aided design (CAD) data.
 The process is popular in rapid tooling (RT) ,since
a suitable metal powder can be used to produce
the metal parts and tools. The powder system may
be pre-alloyed powder or multi-phase powder.
 The properties of the RT parts, however, depend
on its composition and solidification conditions.
 Accuracy, wear resistance and mechanical
properties are critical on choosing the rapid tooling
mould as the production-grade tooling. This study
includes the design of metal prototypes which are
then fabricated by EOS’s DMLS.
 The EOS material system is a mixture of nickel,
bronze and copper-phosphide material. The
dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, impact
toughness, hardness, and strength of EOS parts
are measured. SEM pictures of EOS parts are
also thoroughly analysed.

25. Electron Beam Melting process
 Everything starts with the 3D modeling of the part you
wish to create. You can model it using CAD software,
obtain it by 3D scanning or download a model of your
choice.
 The 3D model is then sent to a slicing software, also
called slicer, which will cut it according to the
successive physical layers of deposited material.
 The slicer will then send all this information directly to
the 3D printer, which can then start its manufacturing
process.
 The metal powder can be loaded into the tank within
the machine.
 It will be deposited in thin layers that will be
preheated before being fused by the electron beam.
In particular, this step provides more support to the
cantilever areas of the part being 3D printed.
 The machine then repeats these steps as many times
as necessary to obtain the entire part.
 Once the manufacturing process is complete, the
operator removes the part from the machine and
ejects the unmelted powder with a blowgun or brush.
 Following this, it’s possible to remove the printing
supports (if any have been used) and to detach the
part from the build plate.
 The post-printing steps can include machining of
surfaces in contact with other parts, polishing, etc. In
some cases, it may be necessary to heat the part in
an oven for several hours to release the stresses
induced by the manufacturing process.

26. METAL 3D PRINTING
•ELECTRON BEAM MELTING process is used
in metal 3D printing..
•As the process is based on the principle of
electrical charges, the materials used IN
METAL 3D PRINTING must be conductive.
Without this, no interaction can occur between
the electron beam and the powder. The
manufacture of polymer or ceramic parts is
therefore technically impossible with an
electron beam and only metals can be used.
•Today, titanium and chromium-cobalt alloys
are mainly used – Arcam has restricted the
range of compatible materials.
•EBM technology is mainly used in aeronautics
and medical applications, particularly for
implant design. Titanium alloys are particularly
interesting because of their biocompatible
properties and mechanical properties, they can
offer lightness and strength.
•The technology is widely used to design
turbine blades, for example, or engine parts.
•Electron Beam Melting technology will create
parts faster than LPBF technology, but the
process is less accurate and the finish will be
of lower quality because the powder is more
granular.

27. FUTURE SCOPE OF 3D PRINTING
 The industry continues to move towards industrialisation, and the
technology is increasingly becoming part of the wider
manufacturing ecosystem.
 But in such a rapidly evolving industry, it can be difficult to keep up with
the key trends that are driving the future of 3D printing.
 To help you better understand where 3D printing is headed, we’ve sifted
through over 30 of our Expert Interviews conducted over the last 12
months and extracted key insights as to what the future holds for this
exciting technology.