This document discusses material handling in industrial engineering. Material handling involves transporting raw materials and parts within a facility using manual or mechanical methods. It describes the functions of material handling as moving materials for storage, transportation between departments, and loading/unloading trucks. The objectives are to implement efficient, safe and economical material handling methods. Key factors considered are engineering aspects like material properties and layout, as well as economic factors like costs. Principles of effective material handling include reducing handling time and amounts, using unit loads, gravity where possible, and safety. Common material handling devices are lifting/lowering devices, transport devices, and devices that combine both functions.

1. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
UNIT 1

2. MATERIAL HANDLING
Material Handling is an integral part of production
process.
 Material Handling involves piling, loading, unloading
and transporting parts or raw materials from place to
another within a Industry.
 Material Handling involves the handling of materials
manually or mechanically in batches or one item at a
time within the plant.
 The material movement may be horizontal, vertical or
the combination of horizontal and vertical.

3. Functions of Material Handling
 Movement and positioning of the purchased materials, tools,
spares, etc for the purpose of storage.
 Transportation of materials from stores to shops or
departments.
 Movement of materials from stores to shops or departments
from one machine to one machine to another and from one
department to another.
 Movement and positioning of finished products or
components for the purpose of stocking or sale.
 Unloading raw materials from trucks or other transport.
 Loading packed materials on motor trucks or other transport.

4. Objective of Material Handling
 Material handling focuses on the need of installing
efficient and safe and economical methods and
equipments for handing materials.
 Material handling equipment is not a production
machinery, but it is an auxiliary equipment that
improves flow of material within an Industry.

5. Factors to be considered in Material Handling
Process:
 Engineering factor
 Economic factor

6. Engineering Factors considered in Material Handling:
 Nature of materials and products to be handled.
 Production process and equipments.
 Building construction.
 Layout.
 The existing material handling equipment.
 Production Planning and Control.
 Packaging.

7. Economic Factors to be considered in Material
Handling:
Initial cost of equipment
 Cost of Installation.
 Rearrangement of present equipment
 Cost of maintenance, repairs, supplies, etc.
 Cost of power and depreciation.
 Cost of Labour to operate.
 Cost of any necessary auxiliary equipment.
 Saving the equipment will bring about indirect cost,
space required.

8. Principles of Material Handling:
 Reduction in Handling
 Reduction in Time
 Principal of Unit Load
 Use of Gravity
 Safety
 Use of Containers
 Stand by facility
 Periodical Check up
 Avoid Interference with production line
 Flexibility

9. 1. Reduction in Handling:
 The first principle of material handling is to
minimize the material the material handling as far
as possible.
 The material should be moved as far as possible.
 Layout improvement or changes in the process may
make it possible to reduce material handling.
Principles of Material Handling:

10. 2. Reduction in time:
 Time is money.
 Time lost means paying wages to the workers when they
are not doing productive work.
 Time lost reduces the rate of output and increases unit
overhead cost.
 Therefore the time of each movement or material
handling should be minimized.
Time is wasted principally in three things:
 Waiting
 Loading and Unloading
 Travel
Principles of Material Handling:

11. 3. Principle of Unit Load:
 The principle of “ Unit Load “ should be applied.
 According to principle of “Unit Load”, the materials
should be moved in lots rather than on individual
basis.
 Optimum number of pieces should be moved in one
unit to utilize the material handling equipments
effecti9vely.
Principles of Material Handling:

12. 4. Use of Gravity:
Whenever possible, utilize gravity for assisting material
movements as it is the cheapest source of motive
power.
5. Safety: Safe, Standard, efficient, appropriate and
flexible material handling equipment should be
used.
6. Use of Containers:
Design containers, pallets, drums etc, to reduce the
cost of handling and damage of material in
transport.
Principles of Material Handling:

13. 7. Stand by facility:
The provision of stand by facilities should be made so
that the sudden break down may not stop the
operations due to non- availability of materials.
8. Periodical Check up :
The check up repairing and maintenance of the existing
material handling equipments should be made
periodically.
9. Avoid interference with production line:
The material handling services should not interfere with
the production line.
Principles of Material Handling:

14. 10. Flexibility:
The material handling services should be evaluated
periodically and necessary changes should be
incorporated where ever it is possible.
Principles of Material Handling:

15. Material Handling Devices
 Lifting and Lowering Devices
 Transporting Devices
 Devices which lift and transport simultaneously.

16. Lifting and Lowering Devices
 Block and Tackle
 Hand and Power Winches
 Hoists
 Elevators
 Pillar Crane
 Overhead Crane hoists
elevators
Overhead crane

17.  Wheel barrows
 Hand and power trucks
 Industrial narrow railways
 Tractors and Tailors
 Pipe Lines
 Pumps
 Aerial Tram ways
Transport Devices
trailors

18.  Chutes
 Hoists with Trolley
running on overhead rails
 Fork lift trucks
 Different types of
conveyers
 Spiral chutes
 Spiral rollers
 Cranes
Devices which lift and transport
( Combination Devices)
conveyers