3a archaeology
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Archaeology is the study of human behavior and culture through the recovery and analysis of artifacts from past civilizations. One of the oldest archaeological sites in the United States, Cactus Hill located in southeastern Virginia, contains stone tools and other artifacts dating back 15,000 years, providing evidence that humans lived in the area among the earliest settlements in North America. Archaeologists excavating at Cactus Hill have found artifacts that provide insight into the lives and culture of the early inhabitants.
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3a archaeology
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Archaeology is the study of material evidence from past human cultures and behavior. One of the oldest archaeological sites in the United States, Cactus Hill located in southeastern Virginia, contains artifacts dating back 15,000 years, providing evidence about early human settlements. Cactus Hill yields stone tools and other discoveries that help archaeologists better understand when and how the first humans entered North America.
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3a archaeology
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3a archaeology
Archaeology is the study of material evidence from past human cultures and behavior. One of the oldest archaeological sites in the United States, Cactus Hill located in southeastern Virginia, contains artifacts dating back 15,000 years, providing evidence about early human settlements. Cactus Hill yields stone tools and other discoveries that help archaeologists better understand when and how the first humans entered North America.
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The document provides information about Paleoindians, the earliest inhabitants of North America. It discusses their origins migrating across the Bering land bridge, their hunter-gatherer lifestyle hunting megafauna like mammoths, and artifacts found at Paleoindian sites in Alabama including projectile points, scrapers, and knives. Specifically, it summarizes the Quad Site in Alabama, a grouping of small camps occupied seasonally by Paleoindians to take advantage of resources in the forest-riverine environment.
First texans powerpoint
Early civilizations developed around the world as humans transitioned from hunter-gatherer societies to agricultural societies. Archaeologists study artifacts and human remains to learn about prehistoric peoples and how they lived. The first humans are believed to have migrated to North America over 10,000 years ago from Asia. Called Paleo-Indians, they were hunter-gatherers who made stone tools. Around 7000 years ago in Mesoamerica, some groups began farming crops like corn and lived in permanent settlements, leading to growing populations and more complex societies. While large civilizations emerged elsewhere, most Native American groups in Texas remained hunter-gatherers and developed pottery, bows, and arrows.
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Australian archaeology can be divided into three main categories: aboriginal, historical, and maritime. Aboriginal archaeology studies the origins of Australia's indigenous peoples and aims to understand how the first migrants arrived. Historical archaeology examines industrial and structural changes to understand social and economic shifts. Maritime archaeology focuses on ships and infrastructure to learn about life near water. Together, these types of archaeology are revealing Australia's history by analyzing artifacts and sites and how human activity responded to environmental changes over time.
Presentation1 3
The document provides background information on early migrations to North America. It discusses evidence that some of the earliest migrations came from Europe, including 9,000 year old Caucasoid skeletons found in the Americas. It then summarizes some of the major pre-Columbian Native American cultures, including the Anasazi, Hopewell, Mississippian, and Northwest Coast peoples. The document also provides context on migrations across the Bering Strait and the various theories about how and when the Americas were initially populated.
Serpent Bound Essay
This project aims to produce a collaborative archaeological study of Serpent Mound through both oral histories from the descendant Eastern Shawnee community and traditional archaeological methods. The project will update understandings of Serpent Mound by involving the Eastern Shawnee in archaeological work and creating a revamped museum and website to make information publicly accessible. The final products will better express the site's significance to both the public and Eastern Shawnee people.
Prehistoric sites
Prehistoric human remains estimated to be at least 7,000 years old, along with stone tools and animal bones, have been unearthed at the Godawaya archaeological site in Ambalantota, Sri Lanka. Known as Balangoda Man, prehistoric humans in Sri Lanka stood approximately 174 cm for males and 166 cm for females, with robust bones and large teeth. Several caves in Sri Lanka, including Fa Hien Lena Cave, have yielded skeletal remains and tools dating back as far as 37,000 years belonging to Balangoda Man, providing important insights about human habitation and development in Asia.
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The document provides a timeline and overview of early American civilizations from 40,000 BC to 1300 AD. It discusses the origins of the first Americans who crossed the Bering land bridge from Siberia to Alaska. Several early civilizations that arose in North and South America are then outlined, including the Olmec in Mexico, the Maya in Central America, the Tiwanakans and Moche in Peru, the Aztec in Central Mexico, and the Inca in Peru. The passage concludes by noting the arrival of the Spanish led by Hernando Cortes in Mexico in 1519.
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This document summarizes an archaeological project on the island of Roatรกn off the coast of Honduras. It discusses how little is truly known about the island's original inhabitants, despite efforts to portray them as Maya for tourism purposes. Archaeologist Christian Wells has been excavating sites on the island to uncover its real history and determine the impact of tourism. At the site of Augusta, an 18th-century British settlement, Wells has found evidence of interactions between the British colonists and indigenous Miskitu people. However, increased tourism and development threaten the island's archaeological resources through new construction and looting.
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The document discusses the history and importance of repatriation in anthropology. It describes how Native American skeletal remains and artifacts were widely looted and collected in the past. This led to the passage of laws like NAGPRA in the 1990s that require consultation with indigenous groups and allow for remains and sacred objects to be returned to their communities. The document uses the example of the Kennewick Man discovery to illustrate tensions that still exist between some archaeologists and repatriation laws.
Palio and Archaic Indians Power Point
The document provides information on the early peoples of North America from the Paleo-Indian period through the Archaic period. It describes how the Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia across the Bering land bridge around 12,000 years ago and hunted large ice age animals. As the climate warmed, the Archaic period began, in which Native Americans adapted to forest environments, formed settled groups, and began basic agriculture and trade between regions. Archaeologists study artifacts left behind to understand prehistoric cultures and their ways of life.
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
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1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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- 5. Artifacts such as these found at Cactus Hill provide archaeologists with evidence about the people who used to live there. These stone tools date back about 15,000 years.
Editor's Notes
- http://www.jrwcc.com/nrs/images/images/excavating%20at%20Cactus%20Hill.jpg
- http://www.nmnh.si.edu/rtp/students/2003/images/anthro28.jpg http://www.vmnh.net/photos/large/VMH_0022.JPG