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238291841-Lifts-Escalators.pptx
- 1. L I FT S CATEGORY - RESIDENTIAL LIFTS 1 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
- 2. HISTORY • The firstreference to an elevator is in the works of the Roman architect Vitruvius, who reported that Archimedes (c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC) built his first elevator probably in 236 BC. • In some literary sources of later historical periods, elevators were mentioned as cabs on a hemp rope and powered by hand or by animals. • It is supposed that elevators of this type were installed in the Sinai monastery of Egypt. • In 1853, American inventor Elisha Otis demonstrated a freight elevator equipped with a safety device to prevent falling in case a supporting cable should break 2
- 3. LIFT / ELEVATOR •An elevator is a type of vertical transport equipment that efficiently moves people or goods between floors (levels, decks) of a building, vessel or other structures. • Elevators are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables or counterweight systems like a hoist, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston like a jack. • The need for vertical transport is as old as civilization. • Over the centuries, mankind has employed ingenious forms of lifting. The earliest lifts used man, animal and water power to raise the load. 3
- 4. TYPES OF LIFTS •TRACTION PASSENGER ELEVATORS • HYDRAULIC PASSENGER ELEVATORS • CAPSULE ELEVATORS • HOSPITAL/ STRETCHER ELEVATORS • CAR/ AUTOMOBILE ELEVATORS • DUMB WAITER/ SERVICE ELEVATORS • FREIGHT ELEVATORS 4
- 5. RESIDENTIAL LIFTS 5 RESIDENTIAL TRACTION ELEVATORS MOST COMMONLYUSED HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS USED UPTO 13 MTS.
- 6. TRACTION ELEVATOR • Amodern day elevator consists of a cab (also called a "cage" or "car") mounted on a platform within an enclosed space called a shaft or sometimes a "hoist way". • In a "traction" elevator, cars are pulled up by means of rolling steel ropes over a deeply grooved pulley, commonly called a sheave in the industry. • The weight of the car is balanced by a counterweight. • Sometimes elevators lifts always move synchronously in opposite directions, and they are each other's counterweight. • The friction between the ropes and the pulley furnishes the traction which gives this type of lift its name. 6
- 7. 7 GEARLESS ELECTRIC TRACTION GEARED ELECTRIC ELEVATORS MACHINEROOM LESS (M.R.L)
- 8. TRACTION SYSTEM • Thetraction elevator system is the most popular grace to its flexibility. • The traction machine is of two types: geared and gearless. • The geared machine is composed of 2 parts: the gear box and the electric motor. • The machinery location may be at the overhead or basement of hoist way. • The evolution in the lift technology in the 90's allow the building owner to install his elevator without machine room, called MRL (Machine Room Less). • For high speed elevator in high-rise building, only traction system can achieve the task. 8
- 9. SIZES 9 No. Pers. Load Capacity Car Size a xb (mm) Entrance W (mm) Hoistway X x Y (mm) Pit P (mm) Overhead OH (mm) Machine Room A x B x MH (mm) 6 450 KG 1400x850 800 1800x1450 1550 4550 2400 3300 2050 1800x1500 1850 4750 2250 8 550 KG 1400x1030 800 1800x1650 1550 4550 2400 3300 2050 1800x1700 1850 4750 3000 3500 2250 9 600 KG 1400x1100 800 1800x1700 1550 4550 2400 3400 2050 1850x1750 1850 4750 3000 3600 2250 2150 4950 10 700 KG 1400x1250 800 1800x1850 1550 4550 2400 3600 2050 1850x1900 1850 4750 3000 3600 2250 2150 4950 11 750 KG 1400x1350 800 1800x1950 1550 4550 2400 3700 2050 1850x2000 1850 4750 3000 3700 2250 2150 4950 12 800 KG 1400x1400 800 1800x2000 1550 4550 2400 3800 2050 1850x2050 1850 4750 3200 3800 2250 2150 4950 13 900 KG 1600x1350 900 2050x2000 1550 4550 2600 3900 2050 2100x2100 1850 4750 3200 3900 2250 2150 4950 15 1000KG 1600x1500 900 2050x2150 1550 4550 2600 4100 2050 2100x2250 1850 4750 3400 4100 2250 2150 4950 17 1150KG 1800x1500 1000 2300x2250 1550 4550 3500 4100 2050 2350x2300 1850 4750 3500 4100 2250 2150 4950 20 1350KG 1800x1700 1000 2300x2450 1550 4550 3500 4300 2050 2350x2500 1850 4750 3500 4300 2250 2150 4950 24 1600KG 2000x1750 1000 2500x2500 1550 4550 3600 4300 2050 2550x2550 1850 4750 3600 4300 2250
- 10. 10 TRACTION SYSTEM Section throughcage/ car Section through shaft / hoist way
- 11. TRACTION SYSTEM 11 Plan ofmachine room View of traction system
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- 14. 14 TYPICAL TRACTION ELEVATORHOISTWAY
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- 16. 16 MACHINE ROOM LESS (M.R.L) Machine-room-lesselevators include machinery and equipment into the hoistway or closets, doing away the need for a separate machine room. Designed for buildings between two and 30 stories, this system employs a smaller sheave than conventional geared and gearless elevators. The reduced sheave size, together with a redesigned machine, allows the machine to be mounted within the hoistway itself—eliminating the need for a bulky machine room on the roof. The machine–room-less elevator is the result of technological advancements that often allow a significant reduction in the size of the electric motors used with traction equipment. These newly designed permanent magnet motors (PMM) allow the manufacturers to locate the machines in the hoistway overhead, thus eliminating the need for a machine room over the hoistway.
- 17. 17 •THE TRADITIONAL ROPESWRAPS STEEL CORDS AROUND A FLEXIBLE CORE •THE NEW FLAT BELT WRAPS A FLEXIBLE POLYRUTHANE COATING AROUND STEEL CORDS •WHICH ALLOWS A SMALLER SHEAVE CORE DIAMETER MAKING IT POSSIBLE FOR A MORE COMPACT ELEVATORE SYSTEM WITHOUT A MACHINE ROOM
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- 19. 19 BENEFITS OF M.R.L 1. Gearlesspermanent magnet machine 2. 1 m/s to 1.6m/s speed range 3. 10 to 16 passenger load range (680 - 1088kg) 4. Smooth ride (first class roller shoe suspension) 5. Cabin finishes to choice 6. Versatile landing and car door configurations 7. Fast installation methods and time saving. 8. No machine room, No ventilation problems, No vision windows etc. 9. Earthquake friendly with jigged guiding 10. Shallow pits etc 11. Small control cabinet on upper level 12. Time and Money-Saving Benefits-Long life cycle, Low running cost, Easy installation and service Cost-efficient elevator application 13. Totally integrated system for greater reliability
- 20. HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS • Hydraulicelevators are elevators which are powered by a piston that travels inside a cylinder. An electric motor pumps oil into the cylinder to move the piston. The piston smoothly lifts the elevator cab. Electrical valves control the release of the oil for a gentle descent. • Hydraulic elevators are used extensively in buildings up to five or six stories high. These elevators, which can operate at speeds up to 46 meters (150 ft) per minute, do not use the large overhead hoisting machinery the way geared and gearless traction systems do. • There are three types of hydraulic elevator; holed hydraulic, hole less hydraulic and roped hydraulic. 20
- 21. TYPES OF HYDRAULICLIFTS • Holed hydraulic With holed hydraulic systems, the elevator car is mounted on a piston that travels inside a cylinder. The cylinder extends into the ground to a depth equal to the height the elevator will rise. As hydraulic fluid is pumped into the cylinder through a valve, the car rises. As the fluid returns to the reservoir, the car descends. • Hole-less hydraulic Hole-less hydraulic consists of pistons mounted inside the hoist way to raise and lower the car. This is especially a solution for buildings built in bedrock, a high water table or unstable soil conditions locations that can make digging the hole required for a conventional hydraulic elevator impractical. Hole-less hydraulic systems use a direct- acting piston to raise the car. • Roped hydraulic Roped hydraulic elevator extends the rise of the hole-less elevator to 18 meters (60 ft), without the need for a belowground cylinder. Roped hydraulic elevator systems have the piston attached to a sheave which has a rope passing through it. One end is attached to the car while the other is secured at the bottom of the hoist way. Also, roped hydraulic systems require governor because the rope is holding the car up, not the piston. 21
- 22. 22 CASE STUDY BUILDING NAME: E W - 08 SOCIETY NAME : EVERSHINE WOODS LOCALITY NAME : KANAKIA AREA NAME : MIRA ROAD (EAST)
- 23. 23 TWO LIFTS PROVIDEDOF 6 PERSON CAPACITY (480 KG) INTERIOR OF THE LIFT PROVIDED
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- 27. 27 VASTU FOR LIFTS ▪Constructing lift or elevator in a building is a trend as well as necessity now days, as with the coming up of apartments and multi-storey homes lift is important to incorporate. Vastu provide some significant rules regarding the construction, location and placement of lift in a building. ✔ Vastu recommends proposing lift North or East and exact North-east corner must be avoided. ✔ Lift should not come directly in the front of main door or entrance door. ✔ South and West direction is also fine for placing lift while avoid South-west corner must be avoided. ✔ Avoid mirror in the lift
- 28. 28 STAIR LIFTS ▪ Forpeople who think that incorporating residential elevators in their homes requires a lot of financial investment, stair lifts is an affordable and appropriate option for them. ▪ Stair lifts are convenient for people who are suffering from arthritis or Alzheimer's disease. They are equipment which are meant for carrying a person up and down the staircases. ▪ Such sets include a metal track which can directly be attached to the staircase, and a car on which the individual sits, that goes up and down the stairs. ▪ In some cases, a 'perch' is used, which is a small platform on which the person stands. ▪ Stair lifts can only be best used on a straight stairway. ▪ In the case of a curved stairway, residential elevators are the best alternative. They can be incorporated much sooner than curved stairway lifts.
- 29. 29 ▪ If theyare installed, they would surely add value to your home, which will in turn appreciate the price of your house, if you decide to sell it in future. ▪ A curved stairway lift won't have much resale value as it would only be used on an identical staircase.
- 30. 30 NEW TRENDS ENVIRONMENTAL "GREEN"ELEVATORS ▪ An environment-friendly residential elevator from DAY can help you save space, time and money. ▪ The Volant and Destiny Gearless elevators feature the latest in gearless motor technology that can reduce energy consumption. ▪ These green residential elevators come with a range of environment-friendly features that can save home-owners up to 30% or more on their energy costs. ✔ Gearless drive system does not require a machine room ✔ Low overhead clearance and pit requirements save space ✔ Quiet, whisper-soft operation with smooth start and stop ✔ Minimal equipment to set up ✔ Energy-efficient halogen lighting
- 31. 31 ▪ No gearingeliminates the need for lubricants that hydraulic elevators require to ensure smooth operation and also avoids oil leaks that can pollute the environment ▪ These home elevators can also be made to seamlessly blend with your interior as they come with a variety of options for handrail and car gate finish besides stylish choices for car interiors such as melamine, wood veneer, raised panel hardwood or inset wood panels.
- 32. 32 MANUFACTURES TOP 10 MANUFACTURES: • ORACLE • OTIS • HYUNDAI • SCHINDLER • OMEGA • HALLMARK • MITSUBISHI • KONE
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