Spondylolisthesis is a condition where one vertebra slips out of position over another, usually involving L5 slipping over S1. It is caused by a defect in the pars interarticularis that causes instability. There are several types including isthmic, degenerative, traumatic, and dysplastic. Isthmic spondylolisthesis is the most common type under age 50 and involves a stress fracture of the pars interarticularis. Degenerative spondylolisthesis is most common over age 50 and does not involve a fracture. Symptoms include low back pain and leg pain or numbness. Treatment depends on severity but may include rest, bracing, physical therapy, or surgery.
As part of a class presentation, we attempted to make this to briefly explain what Torticollis meas, the Types of presentation of Torticollis, and Management strategies for a Physiotherapist for Congenital Torticollis especially.
I hope this helps. :)
The pictures and information had been taken from internet, complied to make a brief presentation for the purpose of class presentation.
I do not own any content.
Bicipital tendonitis is inflammation of long head of the biceps tendon under the bicipital groove.
In early stage, tendon becomes red and swollen, as tendonitis develops the tendon sheath can thicken.
In late stage, often become dark red in color due to inflammation.
As part of a class presentation, we attempted to make this to briefly explain what Torticollis meas, the Types of presentation of Torticollis, and Management strategies for a Physiotherapist for Congenital Torticollis especially.
I hope this helps. :)
The pictures and information had been taken from internet, complied to make a brief presentation for the purpose of class presentation.
I do not own any content.
Bicipital tendonitis is inflammation of long head of the biceps tendon under the bicipital groove.
In early stage, tendon becomes red and swollen, as tendonitis develops the tendon sheath can thicken.
In late stage, often become dark red in color due to inflammation.
Paediatric MSK problems
Signs and symptoms
MSK signs and symptoms:
Limp.
Joint pain and swelling.
Remember that hip pain may be referred to the knee.
Morning stiffness.
Gelling: stiffness following period of inactivity.
Weakness and instability.
Pseudoparalysis: limb fixed in pain.
Associated systemic symptoms:
Fever
↓Feeding or growth.
Rash.
Poor sleep.
History of trauma:
Incongruous signs might suggest non-accidental injury.
Functional limitations.
Differential diagnosis
General:
First exclude trauma – which may be missed/unwitnessed (especially in young e.g. toddler's fracture) – and infection – septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, or discitis.
Consider general causes of MSK pain such as growing pains (often nocturnal), hypermobility, and complex regional pain syndrome.
Acute: irritable hip, neuroblastoma, leukaemia.
Chronic: developmental dysplasia of the hip, talipes, cerebral palsy, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
Dr Susmit Naskar has specialisation in all sorts of spine-related problems including cervical, thoracic and lumbo-sacral spine. Spine surgery is the most demanding Orthopedic procedure which requires prolonged training and supreme discipline.We have listed some awareness tips for those patients who have spine related issues. Feel free to call us at “+91 6290 967 376” or mail us at info@advancespinesurgery.com.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
2. Spondylolisthesis
Definition
The term "Spondylolisthesis" refers to a condition where
one of the vertebrae (usually L5) becomes misaligned
anteriorly (slips forward) in relation to the vertebra below.
This forward slippage is caused by a problem or defect
within the pars interarticularis. Occasionally, facet joint
and/or posterior neural arch defects may also cause this
syndrome as well.
The forward slippage does NOT always occur. This nonslipped pars defect is called a "Spondylolysis" and is
almost always a precursor to the actual forward slippage.
5. Developmental anatomy
The first theory proposed a failure of ossification during
embryonic development, leading to a pars interarticularis
defect at birth
The second theory demonstrated that the pars defect
began to appear around age six and became
progressively more common till age 16. After age 16,
the incidence fell and rarely developed after adolescence
It is currently thought that the defect develops from
small stress fractures that fail to heal and form a chronic
nonunion.
7. Dysplastic spondylolisthesis
Is a true congenital spondylolisthesis that occurs because
of malformation of the lumbosacral junction with small,
incompetent facet joints.
Very rare, but tends to progress rapidly
Often associated with more severe neurological deficits.
8. Isthmic spondylolisthesis
SUB-TYPE A:
Is the most commonly found type of
spondylolisthesis in people under 50 years
of age.
It is believed that "biomechanical stress,"
such as repetitive mechanical strain from
heavy work or sports, causes a fatigue
fracture within the pars interarticularis.
9. Isthmic spondylolisthesis
SUB-TYPE B:
• This type of Isthmic spondylolisthesis is characterized by a
elongated pars without separation.
• It is believed that the elongation occurs secondary to "repeated,
minor trabecular stress fractures of the pars." Each time these
possible sub-acute stress fractures occur and heal, the vertebral
body is displaced farther and farther forward. Eventually, the
pars may fail to heal and result as a full pars defect.
SUB-TYPE C:
These types of spondylolisthesis' are extremely rare and result
from an acute pars fracture, often as result of traumatic lumbar
hyperextension injury
10. DEGENERATIVE SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
o This is the most common form of spondylolisthesis
in patients over 50 years of age and rarely occurs in
those under 50
o There is no fracture or elongation of the pars
interarticularis and the neural arch is intact. In
contrast, patients with isthmic spondyolisthesis
almost universally have widening of the central
spinal canal at the level of the slip. This narrowing
of the canal in degenerative spondylolisthesis has
been termed the "napkin ring effect.
11. DEGENERATIVE
SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
• The classic symptomology of patients with
symptomatic degenerative spondylolisthesis are
similar to those with symptomatic lumbar spinal
stenosis; which can be either neurogenic claudication
or radiculopathy (either unilateral or bilateral
radiculopathy) with or without low back pain.
•
Neurogenic claudication is thought to result from
central canal narrowing that is exacerbated by the
listhesis (forward slip). The classic symptoms of
neurogenic claudication are bilateral (both legs)
posterior leg pain that worsens with activity, but is
relieved by sitting or forward bending.
12. TRAUMATIC SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
This type of spondylolisthesis, which is
extremely
rare,
results
from
a
traumatically-induced fracture to the
neural arch other than the pars region.
One of the examples is The "Hangman's
Fracture" in the cervical spine's second
vertebra (Axis) is a common and often
deadly example of such a traumatically
induced phenomenon. This type of
fracture is extremely rare in the lumbar
spine.
13. PATHOLOGICAL SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
Generalized or systemic disorders of bone may
affect the neural arch of the spine and allow
spondylolysis or spondylolisthesis to occur.
– Osteoperosis
– Paget's disease
– Metastatic carcinoma
14. IATROGENIC SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
:
Is a complication of lumbar anterior interbody fusion
(LAIF. Either the vertebrae above o below develops a
pars fracture.
Laminectomy procedures will result in an overload of
weight-bearing stress on the contralateral pars and, in
some patients, result in a pars fracture.
15. symptoms
Spondylolysis commonly is asymptomatic.
Symptomatic patients often have pain with
extension and/or rotation of the lumbar spine.
Common nerve symptoms
16. symptoms
Leg pain
Electric shock-like symptoms traveling down the
leg
Numbness or tingling in the legs and feet
Muscle weakness of the legs
Other symptoms can occur. bowel or bladder
dysfunction, or any numbness around the genitals,
These symptoms may be a sign of cauda equina
syndrome.
17. Limitations of Techniques
• Radiography of the lumbar spine is limited by its inability to
detect stress reactions in the pars interarticularis that have not
progressed to complete fracture.
• CT of the lumbar spine is not sensitive for detecting early acute
stress reactions in the pars interarticularis where there is only
marrow edema and microtrabecular fracture.
• MRI of the lumbar spine can easily identify acute stress reactions
in the pars interarticularis. However, direct identification of pars
defects (old stress) may be slightly more difficult with MRI than
with CT.
• BONE SCAN : easily identifies acute stress reaction in the pars
interarticularis, but cannot identify old pars defect.
18. Treatment
o If the slip is small and the symptoms are
manageable, then treatment is most often with
observation. In children, this may include activity
restrictions, such as withholding the child from
participation in some sports.
o When the slip is more significant, there may be a
higher risk of the problem progressing, and
surgery may be favored. In addition, patients who
have symptoms of nerve compression are more
likely to have surgery recommended.
25. Infantile torticollis
• causes:
Birth trauma or intrauterine malposition
Sometimes a mass (a sternomastiod tumor) in the affected muscle
may be noted, this appears at the age of two to four weeks, it
disappears gradually, but sometimes the muscle becomes fibrotic.
It is likely to disappear within the first five to eight months of life.
Other less common causes such as tumors, infections,
ophthalmologic problems and other abnormalities should be
ruled out. For example, ocular torticollis due to cranial nerve IV
palsy. In this situation, the torticollis is a neurologic adaptation
designed to maintain binocularity.
26. Infantile torticollis
• treatment:
If a child has sternomastoid tumor, subsequent
deformity may be prevented by gentle, daily
manipulation of the neck. In established cases, the
sternomastoid can be divided or elongated
Ocular torticollis due to cranial nerve IV palsy should
not be treated with physical therapy. Rather the
treatment should be targeted at the extraocular muscle
imbalance
27. Acquired torticollis
• causes:
Acute disc prolapse (the most common
cause in adults)
Inflamed neck glands
Vertebral infection
Injuries of the cervical spine
Ocular disorders
28. Klippel-Feil syndrome
• It is caused by a failure in
the normal segmentation
or division of the cervical
vertebrae during the early
weeks
of
fetal
development.
29. Klippel-Feil syndrome
• The most common
signs of the disorder
are short neck, low
hairline at the back
of the head, and
restricted mobility of
the upper spine.
30. Klippel-Feil syndrome
• Treatment is symptomatic and
may include surgery to relieve
cervical instability and
constriction of the spinal cord,
and to correct scoliosis. Physical
therapy may also be useful.