Global educational surges by communities linked strategically and tactically throughout the world. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
THE “BEST SOLUTION SET” IS THE FRAMEWORK OF DISASTER RESILIENCE. To anticipate and plan for the full spectrum of what can happen, and build capacity FOR preparedness, protection, early warning, emergency response, and recovery in every community. To inform, educate, train, and build equity in all sectors of the community. Powerpoint courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
THE “BEST SOLUTION SET” IS THE FRAMEWORK OF DISASTER RESILIENCE. To anticipate and plan for the full spectrum of what can happen, and build capacity FOR preparedness, protection, early warning, emergency response, and recovery in every community. To inform, educate, train, and build equity in all sectors of the community. Powerpoint courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Connected resilience a 'grand challenge' for the 21st centuryDavid Denyer
In this article, I argue that we need to consider connected resilience as a 'Grand Challenge' for the 21st Century. Grand Challenges are complex challenges with far-reaching societal implications that lack a clear solution. They reflect the reality that society is increasingly interdependent – a system of systems – where challenges and changes have the potential to disrupt people, organisations, communities, economies and societies. Wellbeing, informal networks, and community engagement are just as crucial in building connected resilience as robust infrastructure and systems.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
call for paper 2012, hard copy of journal, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper,
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Community based disaster risk managementProfessor5G
Community Based Disaster Risk Management .
Communities are the first responders in case of any disaster. Therefore, community based disaster risk management approach should be the core of any risk reduction approach. Community based disaster risk management approach (CBDRM) is a process, which leads to a locally appropriate and locally ‘owned’ strategy for disaster preparedness & risk reduction. Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) is the result of this realization and aims to create opportunities and build partnerships with the communities to establish disaster resilient societies .Yodmani (2001) defined community based disaster risk management as an approach that reduces vulnerabilities & strengthens people’s capacity to cope with hazards.
Redefining Community Based Disaster Risk Management through Enhanced Early Wa...Mavic Pineda
This presentation was first delivered in ICKET 2014 held in Jeju, South Korea in July 2014. In the same month, the said presentation was echoed in Ateneo de Manila University.
A disaster is the set of failures that occur when three continuums: 1) people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) recurring events (e.g., floods, earthquakes, ...,) intersect at a point in space and time, when and where the people and community are not ready. We have an opportunity after each record or near-record disaster of the 21st century to accelerate the recovery and reconstruction process, one of the five pillars of global disaster resilience. Strategy: take advantage of recovery/reconstruction. The political and media spotlight is on all decisions and activities. Political priority: restoration to normal (or better) as quickly as possible. International assistance, insurance payouts, and donors: always available. What is the payoff of global disaster resilience? Failure: we will have disasters during the 21st century that could make 1990—2014’s disasters look like “a walk in the park.” Success: everyone wins. A disaster is the set of failures that occur when three continuums: 1) people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) recurring events (e.g., floods, earthquakes, ...,) intersect at a point in space and time, when and where the people and community are not ready. We have an opportunity after each record or near-record disaster of the 21st century to accelerate the recovery and reconstruction process, one of the five pillars of global disaster resilience. Strategy: take advantage of recovery/reconstruction. The political and media spotlight is on all decisions and activities. Political priority: restoration to normal (or better) as quickly as possible. International assistance, insurance payouts, and donors: always available. What is the payoff of global disaster resilience? Failure: we will have disasters during the 21st century that could make 1990—2014’s disasters look like “a walk in the park.” Success: everyone wins. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Making (or not making) our world disaster resilient will be our lasting legacy. History Will Decide Which Legacy We Actually Leave. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Connected resilience a 'grand challenge' for the 21st centuryDavid Denyer
In this article, I argue that we need to consider connected resilience as a 'Grand Challenge' for the 21st Century. Grand Challenges are complex challenges with far-reaching societal implications that lack a clear solution. They reflect the reality that society is increasingly interdependent – a system of systems – where challenges and changes have the potential to disrupt people, organisations, communities, economies and societies. Wellbeing, informal networks, and community engagement are just as crucial in building connected resilience as robust infrastructure and systems.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
call for paper 2012, hard copy of journal, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper,
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Community based disaster risk managementProfessor5G
Community Based Disaster Risk Management .
Communities are the first responders in case of any disaster. Therefore, community based disaster risk management approach should be the core of any risk reduction approach. Community based disaster risk management approach (CBDRM) is a process, which leads to a locally appropriate and locally ‘owned’ strategy for disaster preparedness & risk reduction. Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) is the result of this realization and aims to create opportunities and build partnerships with the communities to establish disaster resilient societies .Yodmani (2001) defined community based disaster risk management as an approach that reduces vulnerabilities & strengthens people’s capacity to cope with hazards.
Redefining Community Based Disaster Risk Management through Enhanced Early Wa...Mavic Pineda
This presentation was first delivered in ICKET 2014 held in Jeju, South Korea in July 2014. In the same month, the said presentation was echoed in Ateneo de Manila University.
A disaster is the set of failures that occur when three continuums: 1) people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) recurring events (e.g., floods, earthquakes, ...,) intersect at a point in space and time, when and where the people and community are not ready. We have an opportunity after each record or near-record disaster of the 21st century to accelerate the recovery and reconstruction process, one of the five pillars of global disaster resilience. Strategy: take advantage of recovery/reconstruction. The political and media spotlight is on all decisions and activities. Political priority: restoration to normal (or better) as quickly as possible. International assistance, insurance payouts, and donors: always available. What is the payoff of global disaster resilience? Failure: we will have disasters during the 21st century that could make 1990—2014’s disasters look like “a walk in the park.” Success: everyone wins. A disaster is the set of failures that occur when three continuums: 1) people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) recurring events (e.g., floods, earthquakes, ...,) intersect at a point in space and time, when and where the people and community are not ready. We have an opportunity after each record or near-record disaster of the 21st century to accelerate the recovery and reconstruction process, one of the five pillars of global disaster resilience. Strategy: take advantage of recovery/reconstruction. The political and media spotlight is on all decisions and activities. Political priority: restoration to normal (or better) as quickly as possible. International assistance, insurance payouts, and donors: always available. What is the payoff of global disaster resilience? Failure: we will have disasters during the 21st century that could make 1990—2014’s disasters look like “a walk in the park.” Success: everyone wins. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Making (or not making) our world disaster resilient will be our lasting legacy. History Will Decide Which Legacy We Actually Leave. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Super Typhoon Haiyan Leaves An Estimated 1,200 People Dead In The Philippines; Damage and casualty statistics predicted to increase dramatically. Storm now moving towards Vietnam November 8-9, 2013. Two Exacerbating Factors: (1) Another Typhoon With Approximately The Same Path Expected In 3-4 Days (2) Haiyan Followed A Damaging Quake. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays
It’s no secret that postsecondary education is an investment, but do you find yourself asking how much it will really cost and wondering how you will pay for it?
We’ll help you determine the true cost of education after high school and go over all your options for payment – from scholarships and grants to financial aid and student loans. We’ll also cover the topic of timing – when you should begin looking into your options and what to expect from the application process.
The first of a series of state-of-the-art reviews commissioned to mark Disasters’ 21st anniversary, this paper considers key publications on public health aspects of natural disasters, refugee emergencies and complex humanitarian disasters over the past twenty-odd years. The literature is reviewed and important signposts highlighted showing how the field has developed. This expanding body of epidemiological research has provided a basis for increasingly effective prevention and intervention strategies.
We continue to operate with a flawed premise: knowledge from earthquake disasters, which occur annually on a global scale, is enough to make any nation susceptible to earthquakes adopt and implement policies that will facilitate its own disaster resilience. Fact: it usually takes multiple earthquake disasters before a stricken nation will adopt and implement policies that move it towards earthquake disaster resilience. Fact: most unaffected nations don’t even try to learn anything new from another nation’s earthquake disasters and certainly don’t consider them to be a basis for changing existing policies. Pillars of earthquake disaster resilience: preparedness
adoption and implementation of a modern earthquake engineering building code; realistic earthquake disaster scenarios; timely emergency response (including emergency medical services); cost-effective reconstruction & recovery. The challenge: policy changes: create, adjust, and realign programs, partners and people until you have created the kinds of turning points needed for moving towards earthquake disaster resilience. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
The typhoon impacted Bohol, where a 7.2 magnitude earthquake left thousands homeless in October. Damages and casualties are expected to increase as assessments proceed. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
It will require new thinking and a strategic concentration of limited national and global resources to move from the current status quo of depending upon almost all emergency response operations to cope with almost all natural hazards to a wise mix of anticipation of what will likely happen, and implementation of the five integrated disaster resiliency policies to cope with the expected and unexpected that happen all the time a natural hazard occurs in our chaotic world. Who can provide the leadership for this kind of major paradigm shift? Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
About the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction
The Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction will be held from 14 to 18 March 2015 in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Several thousand participants are expected, including at related events linked to the World Conference under the umbrella of building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
The Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction was held from 14 to 18 March 2015 in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Several thousand participants attended, including at related events linked to the World Conference under the umbrella of building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. The United Nations General Assembly Resolution for 2013 on International Strategy for Disaster Reduction states that the World Conference will result in a concise, focused, forward-looking, and action-oriented outcome document and will have the following objectives:
* To complete assessment and review of the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action;
* To consider the experience gained through the regional and national strategies/institutions and plans for disaster risk reduction and their recommendations as well as relevant regional agreements within the implementation of the Hyogo Framework of Action;
* To adopt a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction;
* To identify modalities of cooperation based on commitments to implement a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction;
* To determine modalities to periodically review the implementation of a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction.
Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
TOWARDS GLOBAL DISASTER RESILIENCE: Every nation has dozens of “windows of opportunity” after a new disaster occurs to use the updated books of knowledge for innovative capacity building. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Disaster Risk Resilience, curriculum that is fit for purpose in the sector, C...Bibhuti Bhusan Gadanayak
A Disaster, Risk & Resilience
curriculum that is fit for purpose in the sector at Coventry University, UK
(RIP is a process which takes risk prospective as an integral component of thinking, planning, implementing and monitoring development programmes through risk analysis and consequent programme adjustment
Exploring the Future of Resilience and Mitigation to Better Plan for Disaster...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
March 15, 2015: The second world conference on disaster risk reduction convened in Sendai, Japan will re-invigorate the historic global endeavor started in 1990 by the United Nations. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
The Global Resilience Partnership, spearheaded by The Rockefeller Foundation, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), aims to help millions of people in the Sahel, the Horn of Africa, and South and Southeast Asia build stronger and more resilient futures.
The presentation made at the 3rd World Congress on Disaster Management (Visakhapatnam, India) focuses on Pragya (www.pragya.org) Initiatives in Community Preparedness & Risk Governance along with Disaster Mitigation Measures. It discusses Pragya model on institutionalised risk governance with participatory hazard & vulnerability mapping and continual monitoring, ecosystem based solution for disaster risk reduction, and decentralised disaster response with a joint people-state approach involving a culture of collaboration and co-decision, for early warning, evacuation and relief. The model is being piloted in the Indian Himalayas.
Similar to 2013 strategies for disaster resilience: Putting a face on educational surges (20)
Particulate matter is a mixture of very small solids and liquid droplets that float in the air. Some particles come from a specific source (such as a burning candle), while others form as a result of complicated chemical reactions. While much is known about the health effects of exposure to particulate matter outdoors, the effects of indoor exposure are less well-understood. However, indoor exposure to particulate matter is gaining attention as a potential source of adverse health effects.
Two drivers stand out in this analysis because of their potentially large and negative effect on disaster risk, and the low associated uncer tainty of their future trends: global environmental change and demographic change. But others stand out for a different reason: while they have the potential to greatly increase disaster risk, there is also potential for effective policy action to achieve risk reduction. Urbanisation provides the clearest example: unmanaged growth of cities, par ticularly those in low elevation coastal zones, would leave millions in extremely vulnerable situations, but there will be oppor tunities for policy makers to intervene to increase resilience in urban areas. Other drivers, for example globalisation, have extremely complex interactions with disaster risk, but must nonetheless be considered. In this lecture I will discuss the impact of each of the eight drivers on disaster risk is considered.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the seismic hazard at the northwestern Egypt using the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment approach. The Probabilistic approach was carried out based on a recent data set to take into account the historic seismicity and updated instrumental seismicity. A homogenous earthquake catalogue was compiled and a proposed seismic sources model was presented. The doubly-truncated exponential model was adopted for calculations of the recurrence parameters. Ground-motion prediction equations that recently recommended by experts and developed based upon..
A powerful 7.5 magnitude earthquake rocked parts of South Asia on 26 October 2015. It was centred near Jurm in northeast Afghanistan, 250 kilometres (160 miles) from the capital Kabul and at a depth of 213.5 kilometres, the US Geological Survey said. (AFP, 26 Oct 2015) Pakistan's confirmed death toll so far stands at 272, with more than 1,900 people injured and nearly 14,000 homes damaged, though the spokesman said the NDMA was still in the process of estimating a final toll. (AFP, 28 Oct 2015) In Afghanistan, Assessment reports indicate 117 deaths, 544 people injured, 12,794 homes damaged and 7,384 houses destroyed. Furthermore, 136,967 people are still in need of humanitarian assistance, of which 131,345 people have received some form of assistance so far date. More than 51,000 people were affected in Badakhshan alone, where property damage was most extensive. The earthquake claimed the most lives and caused the most casualties in Kunar and Nangarhar provinces. Access remains the most significant challenge in providing assistance to people in need and is an issue reaching at least 194 villages affected by the earthquake.
A torrential rain event during the first full week of March 2016 featuring over two feet of record March rain in the South unleashed major river flooding, rising to historic levels in some areas. Add flooding along the Gulf Coast, and the disaster became a triple assault. In all, 400 homes flooded in Mississippi. Three people were killed in Louisiana, the governor said. In one case, a driver died when floodwater swept his vehicle off a road in Bienville Parish, the Governor's Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness said. The two others died in Ouachita Parish, according to the Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals.
The 2016 Ecuador earthquake occurred on April 16 at 18:58:37 ECT with a moment magnitude of 7.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). The very large thrust earthquake was centered approximately 27 km (17 mi) from the towns of Muisne and Pedernales in a sparsely populated part of the country, and 170 km (110 mi) from the capital Quito, where it was felt strongly. Regions of Manta, Pedernales and Portoviejo accounted for over 75 percent of total casualties.[6] Manta's central commercial shopping district Tarqui, was completely destroyed. Widespread damage was caused across Manabi province, with structures hundreds of kilometres from the epicenter collapsing. At least 659 people were killed and 27,732 people injured. President Rafael Correa declared a state of emergency; 13,500 military personnel and police officers were dispatched for recovery operations.
The moderate-magnitude quake struck at 9:26 p.M. Thursday night at a depth of 11 kilometers (7 miles) in southern Japan near Kumamoto city on the island of Kyushu. The epicenter was 120 kilometers (74 miles) northeast of Kyushu Electric Power Company's Sendai nuclear plant, the only one operating in the country; no adverse consequences were reported.
Lesson: the knowledge and timing of anticipatory actions is vital
The Kathmandu Valley is densely populated with nearly 2.5 million people, and the quality of building construction is often poor. The epicenter of today's disaster was 80 kilometers (50 miles) northwest of the city, and had a depth of only 11 kilometers (7 miles), which is considered shallow in geological terms. This earthquake, the worst quake to hit Nepal (a poor South Asian nation) since 1934, collapsed buildings and houses, leveled centuries-old temples and triggered avalanches in the Himalayas. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction.
Popocatapatele and Colima, two of Mexico’s most active volcanoes, are acting up again. For now the eruptions are not considered to be dangerous and no evacuations have been ordered. But don’t forget that the world’s 1,498 other active volcanoes can erupt at anytime too. A re-eruption of any of these active volcanoes is likely to be very devastating, locally, regionally, and globally. Location and a large explosivity index (VEI) combine to make some volcanoes especially dangerous. Location refers to proximity to cities and other areas of high human population density. An eruption with large VEI at such locations is certain to be devastating to people, their property, their health, the community infra-structure, the environment, and the economy. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction.
INDIA IS BIG, DIVERSE, and CAPABLE. It is the seventh largest country, The second most populous country with human resources of over 1.2 billion people having cultural and religious diversity, The most populous democracy, with many well- educated and well-trained people, with high-tech and low-tech capabilities. On the downside, it is also a country with many living in poverty, with many living in non-earthquake-resistant housing, with cities and towns that are dependent upon non- earthquake-resistant infrastructure and critical facilities. India faces potential disasters each year from floods, earthquakes, and cyclones, some of which have triggered notable disasters in the past, and very recently. That will happen again, unless a paradigm shift occurs. Disaster resilience has become an urgent global goal in the 21st century as many Nations are experiencing disasters after a natural hazard strikes, and learning that their communities, institutions, and people do NOT yet have the capacity to be disaster resilient. Disaster resilience does not just happen; it is the result of decision-making for a national paradigm shift from the status quo to an improved “coping capacity” that enables the country to rebound quickly after a disaster. A paradigm shift towards earthquake disaster resilience is a three step process. Step 1: Integrate Past Experiences Into Books of Knowledge. Step 2: From Books of Knowledge to Innovative Educational Surges to Build Professional and Technical Capacit. Step 3: From Professional and Technical Capacity to Disaster Resilience. In summary, BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE are are “TOOLS” to facilitate India’s continuing commitment to minimize the likely impacts of the inevitable future earthquake, thereby preventing another disaster
Disaster resilience, which is the capacity of a country to rebound quickly after the socioeconomic impacts of a disaster, requires decision-making for a national paradigm shift from the status quo. Disaster resilience has become an urgent global goal in the 21st century as many Nations are experiencing disasters after a natural hazard strikes, and learning that their communities, institutions, and people do NOT yet have the capacity to be disaster resilient. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction.
On January 29, 2015, a routine delivery of gas to a maternity hospital in Mexico City leads to a deadly explosion killing 4 and injuring dozens. The explosion occurred when a gas tanker was making a routine, early morning delivery of gas to the hospital kitchen, and gas started to leak. The tanker workers worked for 15 to 20 minutes to repair the leak while a large cloud of gas was forming, then exploded. Technologies for monitoring, forecasting, and warning are vital for becoming resilient. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Disasters are caused by single- or multiple-event natural hazards that, (for various reasons), cause extreme levels of mortality, morbidity, homelessness, joblessness, economic losses, or environmental impacts. The keys to resilience: 1) know the history of past disasters 2) be prepared 3) have a warning system 4) evacuate 5) learn from the experience
As we begin the year 2015, we must unfortunately recognize that it is well past the time to speed up the long-term recovery process for earthquakes (and tsunamis). The main insights from global earthquakes have consistently shown that being prepared includes pre-earthquake planning for post-earthquake recovery ("PEPPER"). Only about 110 of the 10 million earthquakes of all sizes that occur somewhere in the world each year are large enough and close enough to a community to cause a disaster, which creates a multitude of local and regional dilemmas about what to do, both before and after the quake, to shorten the recovery process. THE SOLUTION: PRE-EARTHQUAKE PLANNING FOR POST-EARTHQUAKE RECOVERY(PEPPER). “THE END GAME” FOR JAPAN AND SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA: Identification of the physical, social and economic consequences of a major earthquake in Tokai, Japan or Southern California will enable end users to identify what they can change now before the earthquake—to shorten recovery from the catastrophic impacts after the inevitable “big ones” occur, probably in the near future.
Floods occur somewhere in the world 10,000 times or more each year. With 2015’s spring floods only weeks away, it’s past time to speed up the long-term recovery process for floods. In 2008, after weeks of flooding through Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Indiana and Wisconsin, the region faced billions of dollars in losses, threats of disease, and a long cleanup. Losses included millions of acres of prime farm land that are still requiring restoration and the rebuilding of large urban areas such as Cedar Rapids, Iowa which alone is estimated to have required at least $1 billion. However, the total direct and indirect losses may never be known. Flood waters during the summer of 2008 seeped into countless wells, affecting drinking water for thousands of homes and businesses across the region. Hazardous materials were also released into the flood waters that ultimately emptied into the Gulf of Mexico exacerbating what marine biologists call a “dead zone” – bodies of water so starved for oxygen that aquatic life can no longer be supported. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction.
A focus on actions in 2015 will accelerate the transition from the past 14 years of global disaster proneness to global disaster resilience by 2020. A snaphot of our world circa 1st January 2015: 7+ billion people, and growing while Living and competing in an interconnected global economy, producing $60 trillion+ of products each year,and facing complex disasters every year that cause multi-billions in losses and reduce a community’s ability to withstand natural catastrophes. The challenge of our time in the 21st century: Protecting and preserving PEOPLE and COMMUNITIES from the potential disaster agents of natural hazards. The “best solution set” vis a vis the global policy framework to strengthen disaster resilience include (1) anticipate and plan for the full spectrum of what can happen; (2) to build capacity at the community level to strengthen disaster in the areas of preparedness, protection, early warning, emergency response, and recovery/reconstruction; (3) to be relentless in informing, educating, training, and building equity in all areas that constitute disaster resilience in all sectors of every community in every nation. WE KNOW WHAT TO DO AND HOW TO DO IT. But just knowing is not enough. Tangible action is essential to reach the urgent goal of global disaster resilience by 2020 and will require that all communities work strategically to implement a realistic set of scientific, technical, and political solutions nested within EXISTING administrative, legal, and economic constraints. Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction.
Floods, which can be either slow onset or rapid onset events (i.e., flash floods), occur when a locale cannot process the amount of water that it is receiving in a normal manner. Communities throughout the world know why it is urgent for their stakeholders to continue working on becoming FLOOD and especially FLOOD-INDUCED LANDSLIDE DISASTER RESILIENT. Each community knows that it is only a matter of time until the inevitable flood event occurs that can expose its physical and social vulnerabilities. THE REASONS FOR A FLOOD DISASTER TO OCCUR: The community is UN-PREPARED for the flood hazards (INUNDATION, LANDSLIDES, etc.,) that are likely to happen. The community has NO DISASTER PLANNING SCENARIO or LAND USE PLANS or ORDINANCES in place as a strategic framework for identification and coordinated local, national, regional, and international countermeasures. The community has NO EARLY WARNING SYSTEM or COMMINITY EVACUATION PLANS in place as a strategic framework for identi-fication and coordinated local, national, regional, and international countermeasures. The community LACKS THE CAPACITY TO RESPOND to the full spectrum of expected and unexpected emergency situations in a timely and cost-effective manner. The community is INEFFECIVE during recovery and reconstruction because it HAS NOT LEARNED IMPORTANT LESSONS from either the current experience or the cumulative prior experiences.
More from Professor Eric K. Noji, M.D., MPH, DTMH(Lon), FRCP(UK)hon (20)
2013 strategies for disaster resilience: Putting a face on educational surges
1. DISASTER RESILIENCE REQUIRES
A “24/7” SURGE
• PREPAREDNESS (BE
READY FOR
ANYTHING)
• PROTECTION (ABLE
TO WITHSTAND)
• WARNED EARLY (OUT
OF HARM’S WAY)
3. PART 6: PUTTING A NEW FACE
ON POWERFUL EDUCATIONAL
SURGES TO BUILD GLOBAL
CAPACITY FOR DISASTER
RESILIENCE
4. RISK ASSESSMENT
ACCEPTABLE RISK
•NATURAL HAZARDS
•INVENTORY RISK
•VULNERABILITY UNACCEPTABLE RISK
•LOCATION
GOAL: DISASTER
RESILIENCE
DATA BASES YOUR
AND INFORMATION COMMUNITY
FIVE PILLARS OF
RESILIENCE
HAZARDS:
•PREPAREDNESS
GROUND SHAKING •PROTECTION
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING •EARLY WARNING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION •EMERGENCY RESPONSE
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS •RECOVERY IENCE
5. THE STATE OF THE WORLD
REALITY: 200 Nations and 7+ Billion People
are Investing Over 60 Trillion Dollars Each
Year in Urban Development and Billions in
Education.
REALITY: Each Year, approximately 900
Events Cause Exponentially Increasing
Economic losses in the $ Billions With Large
Tolls in Mortality, Morbidity, & the Homeless.
6. THE WAY FORWARD
GLOBAL EDUCATIONAL SURGES
BY
COMMUNITIES LINKED STRATEGICALLY
AND TACTICALLY THROUGHOUT THE
WORLD
7. ALL COMMUNITIES CAN BE LINKED STRATEGICALLY AND TACTICALLY
SUB-SAHARA
CARIBBEAN AFRICA
BASIN EUROPE
NORTH 200 NATIONS AND 7+ MEDITER-
AMERICA RANEAN
BILLION PEOPLE
SOUTH ISLAND
AMERICA NATIONS
ASIA
8. SURGES WITH POWER
A WELL- DESIGNED GLOBAL EDUCATONAL
SURGE WILL HAVE INFINITE ENERGY LIKE
A TSUNAMI OR THE STORM SURGE OF A
CYCLONE, TYPHOON, OR A HURRICANE
9. SURGES WITH GLOBAL
POWER
GLOBAL SURGES THAT PENETRATE ALL
SECTORS OF A COMMUNITY WILL BUILD
CAPACITY FOR ULTIMATELY REDUCE THE
COMMUNITY’S DISASTERS TO ZERO
DURING THE DECADE OF THE 2010’s
10. THE GOAL OF EVERY
COMMUNITY
• NO DISASTERS IN A
WORLD WHERE…
• NATURAL HAZARDS
(E.G., FLOODS,
SEVERE
WINDSTORMS,
EARTHQUAKES,
DROUGHTS) ARE
INEVITABLE AND
DISASTERS OCCUR
EVERY YEAR.
11. THE GOAL OF EVERY
COMMUNITY
• STRATEGIC/TACTICAL
CONNECTIVITY
BETWEEN THE GOALS
OF SURVIVAL AND
RESILIENCE, AND
• GOALS RELATED TO
ECONOMIC
ENTERPRISE,
ENERGY, EDUCATION,
ENVIRONMENT, AND
ECOLOGY
12. F A C E IS THE KEY
• FRAMEWORK OF • CHANGES IN
SCIENCE, THINKING!
POLICY, AND • EDUCATION THAT
TECHNOLOGY! BUILDS
• ALIGNMENT OF CAPACITY FOR
COMMUNITY AND INNOVATIVE
REGIONAL POWERFUL
RESOURCES! SURGES!
13. COLLECT GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE
TO DESIGN REALISTIC EDUCATIONAL SURGES
SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY
SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
TRANSPORTATION TECHNIQUES
SEED BED FOR
SUSTAINABLE SURGES ENVIRONMENTAL
DEVELOPMENT THAT MEET COMMUNITY PROTECTION
NEEDS
NATURAL & POLICY
TECH. HAZARDS IMPLEMENTATION
SUSTAINABLE
ENTERPRISE
14.
15. HOW TO FAIL
GOALS:
NO
NO CAPACITY
DISASTER FOR
RESILIENCE DISASTER
RESILIENCE
NO SURGES
TO BUILD
CAPACITY
FACT: NO COMMUNITY CAN BECOME DISASTER RESILIENT BY
WORKING ALONE.
16. HOW TO SUCCEED
STRATEGIC GOAL: WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE
CAPACITY IN EVERY COMMUNITY, NATION, AND REGION
SOCIAL PHYSICAL
SCIENCES
SCIENCE
ENGINEERING
SCIENCES
SUCCESS: INCREASE DISASTER RESILIENCE IN
EVERY COMMUNITY
17. TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT
COMMUNITIES
Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For
Reducing Disaster Risks
ISLAND NATIONS
FOCUS ON PRACTICAL
BUILD ON CULTURAL APPLICATIONS., (E.G., BUILD-
DIVERSITY OF NATIONS ING CODES, EVACUATION)
BUILD CAPACITY FOR DEVELOP BUSINESS
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ENTERPRISE TO BREAK
POVERTY CYCLE
INCREASE RESILIENCE OF
IMPROVE COMMUNICATIONS
COMMUNITIES BY REDUCING
TO REDUCE ISOLATION
VULMERABILITIES
INCREASE AND IMPROVE IMPROVE PUBLIC EDUCATION
PARTNERSHIPS AND AWARENESS
18. TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT
COMMUNITIES
Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For
Reducing Disaster Risks
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
EXPAND PUBLIC HEALTH
INCREASE PUBLIC CAPABILITIE S
AWARENESS
REDUCE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, IMPROVE CAPACITY FOR
AND ENTERPRISE PERFORMING LOSS
VULNERABILITIES ESTIMATIONS
ACCELERATE EDUCATION ESTABLISH AN AFRICAN
(WITH FOCUS ON RISK CENTER OF EXCELLENCE ON
REDUCTION TECHNIQUES SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT
INCREASE CAPACITY TO ESTABLISH SUB-REGIONAL
MITIGATE DAMAGE/LOSS OF CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE ON
ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT
19. TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT
COMMUNITIES
Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For
Reducing Disaster risks
CARIBBEAN BASIN NATIONS
INCREASE PUBLIC IMPROVE PROFESSIONAL
AWARENESS OF SOCIAL AND EDUCATION
PHYSICAL RISKS
INCREASE UNDERSTANDING IMPROVE ALL PHASES OF
OF RISK REDUCTION EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
ASSESS AND REDUCE
CONTINUE BUILDING BASIN-
VULNERABILITIES ON ISLAND-
WIDE PARTNERSHIPS
SPECIFIC SCALES
ASSESS AND REDUCE
VULNERABILITIES ON
COMMUNITY SCALES
20. TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT
COMMUNITIES
Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For
Reducing Disaster Risks
EUROPE
ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND
IMPROVE EARLY WARNING TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS
AND “SMART” RESPONSE
TOWARDS INTELIGENT FROM THOUGHTS TO
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ACTIONS TO CHANGE
POLICIES AND PRACTICES
REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO
TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE
NATURAL, TECH., & ENV.
SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT
HAZARDS
INCREASE PROTECTION OF
CREATE A FORUM ON DISAS-
PEOPLE AND CULTURAL
TER RESILIENCE
HERITAGE
21. TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT
COMMUNITIES
Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For
Reducing Disaster Risks
MEDITERRANEAN REGION
ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND
INCREASE PUBLIC TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS
AWARENESS
IMPROVE EMERGENCY EMPOWER POLITICAL WILL TO
MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENT AREGIONAL
BUILDING CODE
REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO
TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE
NATURAL AND
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS
INCREASE PROTECTION OF CONTINUE IMPROVING
PEOPLE AND CULTURAL PARTNERSHIPS FOR DISASTER
HERITAGE RISK REDUCTION
22. TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT
REGIONS
Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For
Reducing Disaster Risks
ASIA
FORMATION OF CENTERS OF
EXCELLENCE
IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS
IMPROVE EMERGENCY IMPROVE COMMUNICATION
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
REDUCE URBAN IMPROVE MONITORING
SYSTEMSWork on
VULNERABILITIES SYSTEMS
IMPROVE PREVENTION &
IMPROVE DATA MANAGEMENT
MITIGATION STRATEGIES
23. TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT
COMMUNITIES
Global Surges Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster
Risks
THE AMERICAS
IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS
IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO AND EDUCATION
AVOID DISASTERS AS PART
OF LAND-USE PLANNING
IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO IMPROVE HAZARD
MATCH STRUCTURAL DESIGN CHARACTERIZATION MODELS
WITH HAZARD DEMAND AND MAPS
IMPROVE EMERGENCY
REDUCE URBAN
PREPAREDNESS, RESPONE,
VULNERABILITIES
AND RECOVERY
IMPROVE ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPROVE DISASTER VULNERABILITY AND RISK
SCENARIOS ASSESSMENTS
24. TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT
COMMUNITIES
Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For
Reducing Disaster Risks
THE AMERICAS (CONTINUED)
IMPROVE MITIGATION AND IMPROVE DATA COLLECTION
PREPAREDNESS MODELS TO AND MANAGEMENT
MANAGE RISK
IMPROVE THE NEXT IMPROVE PROCESS FOR
GENERATION OF BUILDING SHARING KNOWLEDGE AND
CODES AND STANDARDS EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF
EXPAND MULTIPLE EFFORTS IN
INTERACTION OF HAZARD AND
CAPACITY BUILDING
BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
CLOSE “IMPLEMENTATION
INCREASED COLLECTION AND GAPS“
SHARING OF KNOWLEDGE
25. TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT
COMMUNITIES
Global Surges: Focus on Success; FAILURE
IS NOT AN OPTION!
INNOVATIVE IMPLEMENTATION IS THE KEY
COORDINATED GOVERNMENT
OUTREACH BY KNOWLEDGE POLICES, PRACTICES, AND
PRODUCING ORGANIZATIONS LEGISLATION
IMPROVED TRANS-BORDER
COUNTER-DISASTER TRAINING
LINKAGES BETWEEN
OF RESPONSIBLE PERSONS
COUNTRIES
PUBLIC AWARENESS TO GAIN IMPROVED LEVERAGING OF
SUPPORT FOR A SUSTAINED EXISTING INTERNATIONAL
IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS AGREEMENTS
COORDINATED BUSINESS COMMUNICATION!
POLICIES AND PRACTICES
26. SOME STARTING POINTS
• POWERFUL
EDUCATIONAL
SURGES
• DISASTER
RESILIENT
SCHOOLS
• CAPACITY FOR
DISASTER
RESILIENCE
27. DISASTER RESILIENCE REQUIRES
A “24/7” SURGE
• PREPAREDNESS (BE
READY FOR
ANYTHING)
• PROTECTION (ABLE
TO WITHSTAND)
• WARNED EARLY (OUT
OF HARM’S WAY)
28. DISASTER RESILIENCE REQUIRES
A “24/7” SURGE
• PREPAREDNESS (BE
READY FOR
ANYTHING)
• PROTECTION (ABLE
TO WITHSTAND)
• WARNED EARLY (OUT
OF HARM’S WAY)
29. CONNECTIVITY WILL FACILITATE POWERFUL
GLOBAL EDUCATIONAL SURGES FOR COMMUNITY
DISASTER RESILIENCE
THE AMERICAS
CARIBBEAN ISLAND NATIONS
BASIN
CREATION AND
IMPLEMENTATION
OF GLOBAL ED.
EUROPE SURGES ASIA
SUB-SAHARA
MEDITERRANEAN
AFRICA
30. POWERFUL GOAL:
DISASTER
ED. SURGES
RESILIENCE
FUNCTIONAL
NETWORKING
CHANNELS
INFORMATION
NETWORKING
GLOBALLY CHANNELS
ORGANIZATION
NETWORKING CONNECTED
CHANNELS
COMMUNITY STAKEHOLDERS
ACADEMIA
Stratec Consulting
31. CRITERIA FOR MEASURING
CHANGE IN THE PURSUIT OF
DISASTER RESILIENCE
INNOVATIVE DESIGN IS THE FIRST
STEP TOWARDS SUCCESS
32. IT IS ALWAYS APPROPRIATE TO
USE ALL THE
“ BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE”
WHEN DESIGNING DISASTER
RESILIENCE
33.
34. THERE IS ALWAYS NEW MATERIAL FROM THE
LAST GLOBAL DISASTER FOR A NEW SURGE
FLOODS
COMMUNITY
VULNERABILITIES SEVERE WINDSTORMS
EARTHQUAKES/TSUNAMIS
LACK OF TECHNICAL AND
POLITICAL CAPACITY TO
COPE DROUGHTS
FAILURE TO USE GLOBAL LANDSLIDES
KNOWLEDGE AND
EXPERIENCE WILDFIRES
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
TERRORISM
35. DESIGN GOALS FOR THE PURSUIT OF DISASTER
RESILIENCE
AN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR DELIVERING KNOWLEDGE AND
INFORMATION CONTINUOISLY OVER TIME
THE KNOWLEDGE BASE CAPACITY BUILDING CONTINUING EDUCATION
Seismic Characterization Updated Knowledge Bases
Multi-Sector Partnerships After Each Disaster
Vulnerability Classifications Skill for Building and Using Updated Disaster Scenarios
the Knowledge base
Alternative Practices
Updated “Up –Close” and
Implementation Skills “Distance” Learning
Collect, Store and Process
Data
Able to Access data from
Cause & Effect Relationships Remote Sites Multi-Sector Cooperation
Event-Action Capability Skill for Designing Menu Toolboxes for Disaster
Driven Systems Reduction
Interface with Other
Information Sources
Increased Knowledge, and
Understanding
36. TURNING POINTS FOR CHANGE
S
EDUCATION PENETRATES
SOCIETY
FROM IGNORANCE TO
ENLIGHTENMENT
PRINCIPLES FOR
BUILDING A DISASTER FROM APATHY TO
RESILIENT EMPOWERMENT
COMMUNITY
FROM BOUNDARIES
TO SEAMLESS
ENABLEMENT OF
POLITICAL WILL
38. LEVERAGING SUCCESS
• Leverage the "World's
Mutual Fund for
Education," (i.e., the in-
country resources already
invested in education in the
budget of every nation)
39. SUCCESS WITH THE
DIFFICULT LOCATIONS
• Intensified efforts in the “difficult
locations” (i.e., Haiti, Sub-Saharan
Africa; some Latin American, Asian,
and Eastern European countries) to
be successful faster.
40. SUCCESS IN ACCELERATING
THE PROCESS
• Accelerated transfer of
ownership of knowledge and
technology to government
leaders, community profess-
ionals, and business enterprises.
41. SUCCESS IN ENERGIZING A
POWERFUL GLOBAL ED. SURGE
• Enlist, equip, and link
legions of professionals in
every country for an
endless continuum of
“global Ed. Surges.”
43. NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2012
JAPAN’S 2011 TSUNAMI
TRASH
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
COMMUNITY DISASTER EARTHQUAKES IN IRAN
RISK REDUCTION
WILDFIRES IN COLORADO
CATALYSTS 19 ATLANTICTS/HURRICANES
(SUPERSTORM SANDY)
FOR CHANGE FLOODS IN INDIA,
AUSTRALIA, & PAKISTAN
POWER OUTAGE IN INDIA
21 PACIFIC TS/TYPHOONS
44. NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2011
FLOODS IN AUSTRALIA
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
COMMUNITY DISASTER EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI IN
RISK REDUCTION JAPAN
WILDFIRES IN ARIZONA
AND TEXAS
CATALYSTS HURRICANE IRENE AND
TROPIAL STORM LEE
FOR CHANGE FLOODS ALONG THE
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
SUPER TORNADO
OUTBREAK
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
45. NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2010
FLOODS IN PAKISTAN,
CALIFORNIA
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
COMMUNITY DISASTER EARTHQUAKES IN HAITI AND
RISK REDUCTION INDONESIA
WILDFIRES IN RUSSIA
CATALYSTS 19 ATLANTIC TS AND
/HURRICANES (TOMAS)
FOR CHANGE OIL LEAK IN GULF OF
MEXICO
TSUNAMI INDONESIA
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS:
ICELAND. INDONESIA
46. 2009’S DISASTER LABORATORIES
CYCLONE HAMISH
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
BECOMING DISASTER EARTHQUAKES: ITALY, CHINA,
RESILIENCT INDONESIA, AM.SAMOA
FLOODS: TAIWAN,
ENGLAND,, USA, TURKEY
CATALYSTS TROPICAL STORMS , HURRI-
CANES, AND TYPHOONS
FOR CHANGE WILDFIRES : AUSTRALIA,
GREECE, AND CALIFORNIA
ERUPTION OF VOLCANO
MAYON
TSUNAMI IN AMERICAN
SAMOA
47. NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2008
CYCLONE NARGIS
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
COMMUNITY DISASTER WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE
RESILIENCE
FLOODING IN MIDWESTERN
USA
CATALYSTS TROPICAL STORMS AND
HURRICANES
FOR CHANGE
WILDFIRES IN CALIFORNIA
ERUPTION OF VOLCANO
CHAITEN
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
48. 2007’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER
KNOWLEDGE
GLOBAL FLOODS:
CHINA, MEXICO, SE
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR ASIA, USA, …
MAKING COMMUNITIES EARTHQUAKES IN
DISASTER RESILIENT INDONESIA,PERU, JAPAN
14 TYPHOONS: MAN-YI,
PABUK, SEPAT,,…
NEW OPPOR- 17 ATLANTIC STORMS:
DEAN, FELIX,WIPHA, …
TUNITIES FOR
BUILDING CAPACITY WILDFIRES IN EUROPE AND
CALIFORNIA
DROUGHTS; HEAT WAVES IN
EUROPE, USA
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
49. 2006’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER
KNOWLEDGE
THE YEAR OF EL NINO AND
A BERMUDA HIGH
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
MAKING COMMUNITIES 22 PACIFIC TYPHOONS:
DISASTER RESILIENT BILIS, PRAPIROON, SAOMAI
FLOODS: ELBE, DANUBE, USA,
N KOREA, MALAYSIA, CHINA
NEW OPPOR- 9 ATLANTIC STORMS:
HELENE, GORDON, …
TUNITIES FOR
BUILDING CAPACITY 13 CYCLONES: GLENDA,
LARRY, MONICA, …
QUAKES: GUJARAT, INDIA,;
HAWAII, KAMCHATKA, …
WILDFIRES: AUSTRALIA,
CALIFORNIA
50. 2005’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER
KNOWLEDGE
28 ATLANTIC TROPICAL
STORMS AND HURRICANES
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
MAKING COMMUNITIES HURRICANES KATRINA, RITA,
DISASTER RESILIENT STAN, AND WILMA
ERUPTION S: ILAMATEPEC IN
El SALVADOR; MERAPI
NEW OPPOR- PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE
TUNITIES FOR
BUILDING CAPACITY 13 TYPHOONS: HAITANG,
LONGWANG, MATSA, …
FLOODS: ROMANIA, AUSTRIA,
GERMANY, GUJARAT, …
PORTUGAL WILDFIRES
51. 2004’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER
KNOWLEDGE
ATLANTIC STORMS:
BONNIE, CHARLIE, IVAN, JEAN
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NE
MAKING COMMUNITIES INDONESIA EARTHQUAKE
DISASTER RESILIENT
AUSTRALIAN REGION
CYCLONES: MEENA, NANCY
NEW OPPOR- TYPHOONS MEGI, CHABA,
SONGDA,TOKAGE, WINNIE
TUNITIES FOR
BUILDING CAPACITY INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI
FLOODS: INDIA, PAKISTAN,
BANGLADESH, NEPAL
NIIGATA EARTHQUAKE AND
LANDSLIDES
52. 2003’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER
KNOWLEDGE
21 STORMS; HURRICANES
FABIAN, ISABEL, AND JUAN
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
MAKING COMMUNITIES BAM, IRAN AND BOUR-
DISASTER RESILIENT MEDES, ALGERIA QUAKES
15 PACIFIC TYPHOONS; SIX
INDIAN OCEAN CYCLONES
NEW OPPOR- SANTA FE ARGENTINA
FLOOD
TUNITIES FOR
BUILDING CAPACITY OKANAGAN WILDFIRE:
BRITISH COLOMBIA, CANADA
EUROPEAN HEAT WAVE
NORTH AMERICAN BLIZZARD