This document discusses the need for communities to shift from disaster response to anticipation and building resilience. It outlines various natural hazards communities face such as floods, earthquakes, tsunamis and wildfires. It then discusses how communities can measure disaster risk and outlines policy options for increasing resilience through preparedness, protection, early warning systems and more. Benefit-cost analyses are provided showing the high economic value of investing in various resilience measures like building codes, retrofitting infrastructure and education. Case studies of hazard impacts and damage from earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides are also reviewed.

1. OUR WORLD IS AT RISK
• FLOODS
• SEVERE
WINDSTORMS
• EARTHQUAKES
• TSUNAMIS
• DROUGHTS
• VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
• LANDSLIDES
• WILDFIRES

2. THE CASE FOR A MAJOR
PARADIGMN SHIFT FROM
RESPONSE TO ANTICIPATION AND
DISASTER RESILIENCY
DURING 2014 AND BEYOND
PART 1

3. OUR WORLD IS AT RISK
• FLOODS
• SEVERE
WINDSTORMS
• EARTHQUAKES
• TSUNAMIS
• DROUGHTS
• VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
• LANDSLIDES
• WILDFIRES

4. LIVING WITH NATURAL HAZARDS
NO DISASTERS:
DEMANDS ON
COMMUNITY
CAPABILITIES OF
COMMUNITY

5. LIVING WITH NATURAL HAZARDS
A DISASTER:
INSUFFICIENT
CAPABILITIES OF
COMMUNITY
INCREASED
DEMANDS ON
COMMUNITY

6. DISASTER RISK
•ALL HAZARDS MAPS
•INVENTORY
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
ACCEPTABLE RISK
RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
TOWARDS ALL HAZARDS
DISASTER RESILIENCE
DATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
YOUR
COMMUNITY
POLICY OPTIONS
HAZARDS:
GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
• PPREPAREDNESS
• PROTECTION
•EARLY WARNING
•EMERGENCY RESPONSE
•RECOVERY and
RECONSTRUCTION

7. RESILIENCY MEASURES
• PREPAREDNESS
(ANTICIPATE
EVERYTHING)
• PROTECTION
(BUILD TO
WITHSTAND)
• EARLY WARNING
(GET OUT OF
HARM’S WAY)

8. RESILIENCY MEASURES
• EMERGENCY
RESPONSE
(SAVE LIVES &
PROTECT
PROPERTY)
• RECOVERY AND
RECONSTRUCTION
(RESTORE & NORMALIZE SERVICES)

9. LET’S TALK ABOUT
BENEFIT-TO-COST
RATIOS
JUST FOR FOR EARTHQUAKES
NOTE: Actual B/C Ratios Are A
Function Of Each National
Effort; These Are Illustrative

10. DISASTER RESILIENCE HAS A
VERY HIGH BENEFIT/COST
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
1,000,000
THE PAYOFF IS A
BETTER, SAFER, AND
MORE SECURE
QUALITY OF LIFE FOR
EVERYONE

11. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
PUBLIC AWARENESS
ENABLES ALL SECTORS OF
THE PUBLIC TO KNOW
THEIR RISKS AND HOW TO
LIVE WITH THEM
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
1,000

12. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
PROPERTY CASUALTY
INSURANCE
SPEEDS RECOVERY &
RECONSTRUCTION;
CAN PROMOTE
PROTECTION
1 < BENEFIT/COST < 1,000

13. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
BUILDING CODE
PREVENTS
COLLAPSE; REDUCES LOSS OF
LIFE AND DAMAGE
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
1,000

14. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
LIFELINE STANDARDS
PROTECTS
COMMUNITY
INFRASTRUCTURE
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
1,000

15. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
NON-STRUCTURAL
PROTECTION
PROTECTS
CONTENTS AND
EQUIPMENT
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
1,000

16. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
DEMOLITION OF
COLLAPSE-HAZARD
BUILDINGS
PREVENTS ALMOST
CERTAIN LOSS OF
LIFE
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
1,000

17. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
SEISMIC ZONATION
IDENTIFIES LOCATIONS
SUSCEPTIBLE TO
SURFACE FAULTING,
SOIL AMPLIFICATION,
AND SOIL FAILURE
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
100

18. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
RETROFIT,
STRENGTHENING, &
REHABILITATION
ELIMINATES
VULNERABILITIES;
REDUCES DAMAGE
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
100

19. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
EDUCATION AND
TRAINING
EXPANDS PROFESSIONAL AND
POLITICAL CAPACITY
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
100

20. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
SOIL REMEDIATION
PREVENTS
LIQUEFACTION,
LANDSLIDES, AND
LATERAL SPREADS
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
1000

21. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
PERFORMANCE
BASED DESIGN
PREVENTS LOSS OF
FUNCTION AND USE
OF IMPORTANT
STRUCTURES
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
100

22. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
URBAN PLANNING
CONTROLS DENSITY
AND USE OF LAND;
PROMOTES AVOIDANCE STRATEGIES
1 < BENEFIT/COST <
10

23. BENEFIT/COST OF BECOMING
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT
DISASTER
SCENARIOS
FACILITATES
COMMUNITY
PREPAREDNESS FOR
THE KNOWN AND
UNKNOWN
1< BENEFIT/COST <
10

24. A BENEFIT/COST OF
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
RELOCATION AND
REROUTING
REDUCES
LIKELIHOOD OF
DAMAGE AND LOSS
1< BENEFIT/COST <
10

25. OVERVIEW OF
THE EARTHQUAKE
EXPERIENCE

27. SEISMICITY: USA

28. SEISMICITY

29. SEISMICITY

30. Schematic Diagram of the
Earthquake Mechanism
WEST
NORTH

31. Schematic Diagram of the
Earthquake Mechanism
WEST
NORTH

32. EARTHQUAKE
VIBRATION
DAMAGE/LOSS
DAMAGE/ LOSS
REGIONAL
DEFORMATION
DAMAGE/ LOSS
DAMAGE/ LOSS
AMPLIFICATION
DAMAGE/LOSS
TSUNAMI
FOUNDATION
FAILURE
FAULT RUPTURE
DAMAGE/ LOSS
LIQUEFACTION
DAMAGE/ LOSS
LANDSLIDE
DAMAGE/ LOSS
AFTERSHOCKS
DAMAGE/ LOSS
SEICHE
DAMAGE/ LOSS

33. EARTHQUAKE HAZARD
CHARACTERIZATION
•
•
•
•
WHERE?
WHEN?
HOW BIG?
SEVERITY OF
GROUND
SHAKING?
• SEVERITY OF
OTHER EFFECTS?
• UNCERTAINTY?

34. ITALY: MMI MAP

35. PUERTO RICO:
PGA MAP

36. SITUATION: SURFACE FAULT
RUPTURE

37. SITUATION: LIVING IN AN
ACTIVE FAULT ZONE

38. SITUATION: SURFACE FAULT
RUPTURE

39. A TSUNAMI
• TSUNAMIS TRAVEL AT
800 KM/ HOUR,
SLOWING TO 50-500
KM/HR AS SHORE IS
REACHED
• WAVE HEIGHTS CAN
REACH 30 M OR MORE
• WAVES CAN TRAVEL
2 KM OR MORE
INLAND

40. LOCATIONS
• TSUNAMIS OCCUR
MOST FREQUENTLY IN
THE CIRCUM-PACIFIC
REGION
• OTHER LOCATIONS
INCLUDE: INDIAN
OCEAN, HAWAII,
CARIBBEAN, PUERTO
RICO, VIRGIN
ISLANDS, GUAM,
WESTERN USA, AND
MEDITERRANEAN

41. SITUATION:TSUNAMI WAVE
RUNUP

42. SITUATION: TSUNAMI WAVE RUNUP
- HAWAII

43. SITUATION: AFTER TSUNAMI WAVE
RUN UP

44. SITUATION: GROUND SHAKING
DAMAGE
The Kocaeli
(Turkey) Earthquake
of 17 August 1999

47. SITUATION: COLLAPSE OF
HIGH-RISE APARTMENT UNIT

48. SITUATION: FAILURE OF URM
BUILDING

49. SITUATION: DAMAGE TO
HOUSING UNIT

50. SITUATION: DAMAGE TO A
HOUSING UNIT

51. SITUATION: DAMAGE TO
HOUSING UNITS

52. SITUATION: DAMAGE TO
HOUSING UNITS

53. SITUATION: DAMAGE TO HOUSING
UNITS

54. SITUATION: COLLAPSE OF
HOUSING UNITS

55. SITUATION: GROUND FAILURE-LIQUEFACTION

56. SITUATION: GROUND FAILURE-LANDSLIDE

57. SITUATION: LANDSLIDE AT
TURNAGAIN HEIGHTS
• THE 1964 PRINCE
WILLIAM SOUND
EARTHQUAKE
TRIGGERED A LARGE
VOLUME LANDSLIDE
AT TURNAGAIN
HEIGHTS
• MILLIONS OF CUBIC
METERS OF SOIL AND
ROCK WERE
DIS[LACED

58. SITUATION: LOSS OF POWER AND
AN URBAN FIRE

59. THE CASE FOR A MAJOR
PARADIGMN SHIFT FROM
RESPONSE TO ANTICIPATION AND
DISASTER RESILIENCY
DURING 2014 AND BEYOND
GO TO PART 2