A disaster is defined as any event, natural or man-made, that threatens lives and property and disrupts normal life. Disasters exceed the ability of affected communities and governments to cope. Hazards threaten people, structures, and assets and can cause disasters. Vulnerability is the likelihood of damage from a hazard due to factors like proximity and susceptibility. Risk is the probability of consequences from hazards people are exposed to. Disaster management involves coordination across organizations in preparedness, response, and recovery phases of disasters to reduce risks and improve capacity to handle disasters.

1. Disaster Management Concept

2. GENERAL DEFINITION OF DISASTER “ A disaster is any event, natural or man made, which threatens human lives, damages private and public property and infrastructure, and disrupts social and economic life”.

3. Definition in Bullets A sudden calamity Causing destruction or damage Disruption to normal pattern of life Need help to redress the situation Exceed the ability of the affected society and the government to cope

4. Hazards Threat to people, structures & assets Cause of a disaster Future threats Natural(geological, hydro meteorological and biological) Man-made (environmental degradation and technical hazards)

5. Vulnerability The extent to which a community, structure, service, or geographic area is likely to be damaged by the impact of particular hazard Proximity to hazard Increasing the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazards

6. What is risk? 4 components of risk: Probability Consequences Hazard Exposure (Source :Ropeik & Grey, 2002)

7. Disaster Vulnerability: Living in flood prone area Crunch Diagram Disaster Risk = Hazard + Vulnerability Hazard: E.g. flood

8. Before Mitigation, preparedness Disaster After Rescue, relief, rehabilitation, reconstruction Disaster Cycle

9. Disaster Management Cycle: In all phases of disasters mutual Coordination, Communication, and collaboration mechanism among organizations and individuals involving in DM needs to be further strengthened. In all phases of disasters inclusion should be considered. Response

11. DISASTER FREQUENCY Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). http://www.cred.be/emdat

12. Why are disasters increasing? Improved reporting CNN as first responder Increased population and density 3m people now live in the vicinity of Vesuvius Cities in high risk areas. 64 of the largest cities in world in seismic zones for flood plains. Global warming Increased storm activity Increased technologies Mass transport Chemical industrialisation Transport of dangerous goods Economic stress Urban slums in dangerous environments Armed conflict Terrorism Failed Development: Poverty, Education, Environment Governance

13. What are the Problems ? Conflicting priorities/vested interest Complexity Diverse opinions Politics/confrontation (ruling party tries to create vote bank, oppositions try to undermine the govt., media try to find sensational news and so on) Irregularities

14. Final Note To reduce the disaster risk we must: Reduce risk Improve preparation Organize response mechanism Recover rapidly Educate people Plan well Develop capacity/capability

15. Thank You Very Much For Your Kind Attention !