The Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction was held from 14 to 18 March 2015 in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Several thousand participants attended, including at related events linked to the World Conference under the umbrella of building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. The United Nations General Assembly Resolution for 2013 on International Strategy for Disaster Reduction states that the World Conference will result in a concise, focused, forward-looking, and action-oriented outcome document and will have the following objectives:
* To complete assessment and review of the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action;
* To consider the experience gained through the regional and national strategies/institutions and plans for disaster risk reduction and their recommendations as well as relevant regional agreements within the implementation of the Hyogo Framework of Action;
* To adopt a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction;
* To identify modalities of cooperation based on commitments to implement a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction;
* To determine modalities to periodically review the implementation of a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction.
Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Lecture disasters in urban area - Master Degree Urban Engineering, Lille1 Un...Isam Shahrour
Lecture for the Master Degree « Urban Engineering and Habitat » concerning disasters in urban area. The lecture covers the causes of natural disasters as well as their impact on economy, citizens, buildings, infrastructures. It concerns also the management of disasters.
A Presentation on "NGO's Role in Disaster Management" Presented by Mr. Deepak...CDRN
A Presentation on "NGO's Role in Disaster Management" Presented by Mr. Deepak Bharti, Secretary - Samajik Shaikshanik Vikas Kendra (SSVK ) at Workshop on Preparedness & Response for Emergencies and Times of Natural Disaster, Patna, Bihar - India, Organised By :-Corporate Disaster Resource Network, For Report please go to :-http://www.cdrn.org.in"
Globally, the risks, vulnerabilities and impacts induced by natural hazards and disasters are on rise. Their economic costs and damage are widespread as seen in recent disasters such as the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, the 2005 Kashmir Earthquake, and Japan's 2011 tsunami. Many government agencies have utilized disaster management principals in an attempt to minimize the impact of disasters. Research has underscored that local level vulnerability assessment; disaster management and resilience are required to empower com-munities to cope with disasters.
Geographically Pakistan is situated in a region very much prone to natural hazards, particularly the northern part of the country. The area experiences natural hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, floods, glacial melting and soil erosion. Flooding from river overflows is the most common natural disaster in Pakistan. They are costly natural hazards due to damage to property and croplands.
Historically, disaster management in Pakistan was focused on the ‘Emergency Response Paradigm’ (ERP). Prior to 2005, the West Pakistan National Calamities Act of 1958 was the available legal remedy that regulated the maintenance and restoration of order in areas affected by calamities and relief against such calamities. An Emergency Relief Cell within the Cabinet Division has been serving since 1971 as an institutional disaster relief support at the national level
The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) introduced the paradigm shift from a reactive to a proactive approach in the form of the Hyogo Framework of Action (2005-2015) signed by 168 countries including Pakistan. To fulfill the global obligations as well as cope with the challenges emerged in the aftermath of the October 2005 earthquake; the Government of Pakistan promulgated the National Disaster Management Ordinance in 2007 to introduce a comprehensive National Disaster Management System in the country. The Ordinance became the Act called the National Disaster Management Act in December 2010.
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) was subsequently established in 2007 in line with the Act, and serves as the implementing, coordinating and monitoring body for disaster risk management at the national level. NDMA in collaboration with national and international partners had been in the process of strengthening the DRM system in the country and has developed National Disaster Management Plan.
The structure of disaster and emergency management in Pakistan, centered on the National Disaster Management Commission (NMDC), was established immediately after the disastrous Kashmir Earthquake in 2005. The provincial government has the authority to form the Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA). A District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) can be established by Provincial governments in the hazard prone areas on a priority basis.
ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN DISASTER MANAGEMENTRajesh Mandal
This is divided into five parts: (1) Social Media as a tool in disaster management; (2) How Social Media can be used in disasters; (3) Limitations and weaknesses of Social Media; (4) Case studies of Social Media use during disasters; and (5) Conclusion.
This Presentation is about role of Media in Crisis & Disaster? What are the duties of a media person in crisis? How Indian media covered various Disaster and Crisis in India ?
A presentation I gave as part of a Disaster Leadership course at Tulane University in New Orleans. This presention is about the importance of good information management and how technology, especially social media can play a role.
“The only possible benefit of NOT planning is that disasters will come as a complete surprise and will, therefore, not be preceded by long periods of paranoia and depression!”
Disaster Management Systems: Building Capacity for Developing Countries and ...Connie White
Some societies are more disaster prone than others due to their geographic location and the benefits provided by it. Man has co-existed in this sort of high risk/high return relationship with mother nature throughout history. Poorer societies tend to pay a higher price both in lives taken and damage – left with many secondary and equally devastating disasters that are sure to come. We know that for every $1 USD put into preventative measures, we save ~$7 that would have gone into post-disaster recovery and rebuilding efforts. There are many international agencies working to support a variety of needs in these grief stricken areas to help them build capacity and to help these societies better prepare for and respond to the disasters they will face. These efforts are guided by the Millennium Project Goals outlined in 2000. A lot has changed since then with respect to technology, mobile devices and humanitarianism. The objective of this paper is exploit how current efforts are creating capacity on the individual, organizational and 'enabling environment' levels. This paper explores the notion that a more concerted effort can be made at building Information and Communication Disaster Management Capacity in developing countries who are most susceptible due to proximity and to a lack of funds. A 'proof of concept' is provided
The Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction was held from 14 to 18 March 2015 in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Several thousand participants attended, including at related events linked to the World Conference under the umbrella of building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. The United Nations General Assembly Resolution for 2013 on International Strategy for Disaster Reduction states that the World Conference will result in a concise, focused, forward-looking, and action-oriented outcome document and will have the following objectives:
* To complete assessment and review of the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action;
* To consider the experience gained through the regional and national strategies/institutions and plans for disaster risk reduction and their recommendations as well as relevant regional agreements within the implementation of the Hyogo Framework of Action;
* To adopt a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction;
* To identify modalities of cooperation based on commitments to implement a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction;
* To determine modalities to periodically review the implementation of a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction.
Presentation courtesy of Dr Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Lecture disasters in urban area - Master Degree Urban Engineering, Lille1 Un...Isam Shahrour
Lecture for the Master Degree « Urban Engineering and Habitat » concerning disasters in urban area. The lecture covers the causes of natural disasters as well as their impact on economy, citizens, buildings, infrastructures. It concerns also the management of disasters.
A Presentation on "NGO's Role in Disaster Management" Presented by Mr. Deepak...CDRN
A Presentation on "NGO's Role in Disaster Management" Presented by Mr. Deepak Bharti, Secretary - Samajik Shaikshanik Vikas Kendra (SSVK ) at Workshop on Preparedness & Response for Emergencies and Times of Natural Disaster, Patna, Bihar - India, Organised By :-Corporate Disaster Resource Network, For Report please go to :-http://www.cdrn.org.in"
Globally, the risks, vulnerabilities and impacts induced by natural hazards and disasters are on rise. Their economic costs and damage are widespread as seen in recent disasters such as the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, the 2005 Kashmir Earthquake, and Japan's 2011 tsunami. Many government agencies have utilized disaster management principals in an attempt to minimize the impact of disasters. Research has underscored that local level vulnerability assessment; disaster management and resilience are required to empower com-munities to cope with disasters.
Geographically Pakistan is situated in a region very much prone to natural hazards, particularly the northern part of the country. The area experiences natural hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, floods, glacial melting and soil erosion. Flooding from river overflows is the most common natural disaster in Pakistan. They are costly natural hazards due to damage to property and croplands.
Historically, disaster management in Pakistan was focused on the ‘Emergency Response Paradigm’ (ERP). Prior to 2005, the West Pakistan National Calamities Act of 1958 was the available legal remedy that regulated the maintenance and restoration of order in areas affected by calamities and relief against such calamities. An Emergency Relief Cell within the Cabinet Division has been serving since 1971 as an institutional disaster relief support at the national level
The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) introduced the paradigm shift from a reactive to a proactive approach in the form of the Hyogo Framework of Action (2005-2015) signed by 168 countries including Pakistan. To fulfill the global obligations as well as cope with the challenges emerged in the aftermath of the October 2005 earthquake; the Government of Pakistan promulgated the National Disaster Management Ordinance in 2007 to introduce a comprehensive National Disaster Management System in the country. The Ordinance became the Act called the National Disaster Management Act in December 2010.
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) was subsequently established in 2007 in line with the Act, and serves as the implementing, coordinating and monitoring body for disaster risk management at the national level. NDMA in collaboration with national and international partners had been in the process of strengthening the DRM system in the country and has developed National Disaster Management Plan.
The structure of disaster and emergency management in Pakistan, centered on the National Disaster Management Commission (NMDC), was established immediately after the disastrous Kashmir Earthquake in 2005. The provincial government has the authority to form the Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA). A District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) can be established by Provincial governments in the hazard prone areas on a priority basis.
ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN DISASTER MANAGEMENTRajesh Mandal
This is divided into five parts: (1) Social Media as a tool in disaster management; (2) How Social Media can be used in disasters; (3) Limitations and weaknesses of Social Media; (4) Case studies of Social Media use during disasters; and (5) Conclusion.
This Presentation is about role of Media in Crisis & Disaster? What are the duties of a media person in crisis? How Indian media covered various Disaster and Crisis in India ?
A presentation I gave as part of a Disaster Leadership course at Tulane University in New Orleans. This presention is about the importance of good information management and how technology, especially social media can play a role.
“The only possible benefit of NOT planning is that disasters will come as a complete surprise and will, therefore, not be preceded by long periods of paranoia and depression!”
Disaster Management Systems: Building Capacity for Developing Countries and ...Connie White
Some societies are more disaster prone than others due to their geographic location and the benefits provided by it. Man has co-existed in this sort of high risk/high return relationship with mother nature throughout history. Poorer societies tend to pay a higher price both in lives taken and damage – left with many secondary and equally devastating disasters that are sure to come. We know that for every $1 USD put into preventative measures, we save ~$7 that would have gone into post-disaster recovery and rebuilding efforts. There are many international agencies working to support a variety of needs in these grief stricken areas to help them build capacity and to help these societies better prepare for and respond to the disasters they will face. These efforts are guided by the Millennium Project Goals outlined in 2000. A lot has changed since then with respect to technology, mobile devices and humanitarianism. The objective of this paper is exploit how current efforts are creating capacity on the individual, organizational and 'enabling environment' levels. This paper explores the notion that a more concerted effort can be made at building Information and Communication Disaster Management Capacity in developing countries who are most susceptible due to proximity and to a lack of funds. A 'proof of concept' is provided
Social media are forms of information and commu-nication technology disseminated through social interaction. Social media rely on peer-to-peer (P2P) networks that are collaborative, decentralized, and community driven. They transform people from content consumers into content producers. Popular networking sites such as MySpace™, Facebook™, Twitter™, and Google™are versions of social media that are most commonly used for connecting with friends, relatives, and employees. The role of social media in disaster management became galvanized during the world response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake. During the immediate aftermath, much of what people around the world were learning about the earthquake originated from social media sources. Social media became the new forum for collective intelligence, social convergence, and community activism. During the first 2 days following the earthquake, “texting” mobile phone users donated more than $5 million to the American Red Cross. Both public and private response agencies used Google Maps™. Millions joined MySpace™ and Facebook™ discussion groups to share information, donate money, and offer comfort and support. Social media has also been described as “remarkably well organized, self correcting, accurate, and concentrated,” calling into question the ingrained view of unidirectional, official-to-public information broadcasts. Social media may also offer potential psychological benefit for vulnerable populations gained through participation as stakeholders in the response. Disaster victims report a psychological need to contribute, and by doing so, they are better able to cope with their situation. Affected populations may gain resilience by replacing their helplessness with dignity, control, as well as personal and collective responsibility. However, widespread use of social media also involves several important challenges for disaster management. Although social media is growing rapidly, it remains less widespread and accessible than traditional media. Also, public officials often view P2P communications as “backchannels” with potential to spread misinformation and rumor. In addition, in absence of the normal checks and balances that regulate traditional media, privacy rights violations can occur as people use social media to describe personal events and circumstances. Key words: social media, resilience, vulnerability,
Emergency Management in the age of social convergencePatrice Cloutier
Conference on social media use in emergency management given at the Social Media in Government Conference on Oct. 3, 2011 for the Conference Board of Canada.
Leveraging A Wiki To Enhance Virtual Collaboration In The Emergency DomainConnie White
In a crisis situation, critical success factors include good preparedness, the availability of
trustworthy information and reliable people, and the responders' ability to improvise with the available, functioning tools. Wikis can be used as collaborative group support systems to support these activities, especially for communities of practice that must operate as high reliability organizations. The advantages of using a wiki are especially beneficial in volatile environments, such as those in the emergency domain, where critical real-time decision making is required. An international wiki - emergenciWiki.org - has been created and is being used by both practitioners and academics. The conclusions include that wiki features and functionality, which are important for safetycritical work, should add a minimum of bureaucratic overhead while helping to establish trust and a sense of purpose and community among the users, strengthening each individual user's accountability for their actions, or easing the evaluation of information reliability. (*note emergenciWiki.org project is over)
New Technologies in Humanitarian Emergencies and ConflictsDr. Chris Stout
By Diane Coyle and Patrick Meier
About the UN Foundation and The Vodafone Foundation Partnership
The United Nations Foundation & Vodafone Foundation Technology Partnership is a leading public-private alliance
using technology programs to strengthen the UN’s humanitarian efforts worldwide. Created in October 2005 with
a £10 million commitment from The Vodafone Foundation matched by £5 million from the UN Foundation.
The Technology Partnership has three core areas of focus: (1) to strengthen communications in humanitarian
emergencies though capacity building and support for disaster response missions that connect disaster relief
workers and affected families; (2) to support the development of mobile health (mHealth) programs that tackle
critical public health challenges and improve public health systems, decision-making and, ultimately, patient
outcomes; and (3) to promote research and innovation using technology as a tool for international development.
The UN Foundation and The Vodafone Foundation are among the founding partners of the mHealth Alliance.
More information about the Technology Partnership can be found at: www.unfoundation.org/vodafone.
Paper: A review of the value of social media in countrywide disaster risk red...Neil Dufty
This input paper was developed for the HFA Thematic Review and as an input to the Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2015 (GAR15). It examines the current and potential value of social media in raising risk awareness and forming communities of practice before a disaster happens.
social media in disaster rescue operations post disaster management and futur...JibinShajiMukalepara
the use of social media in disaster rescue operations, post disaster management and future surveillance. this paper helps understand how social media can be used to meet the emergency crisis
Memo for the Danish Emergency Management Agency by student Anna Boye Koldaas, Master of Science (MSc)-student in Security Risk Management at Copenhagen University.
Statement for the Record of Heather Blanchard, Co Founder of CrisisCommons before the Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Disaster Recovery and Intergovernmental Affairs, Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, United States Senate on May 19, 2011
Disaster can be devastating to any jurisdiction. Vital information n.docxeve2xjazwa
Disaster can be devastating to any jurisdiction. Vital information needs to get to the households within the jurisdiction regarding and leaders need to communicate to those responders in the field. My jurisdiction adoption of social media a means of communication not only with responders but with citizens within the community. Our emergency management agency is discovering that most members of the community are subscribers to radio networks such as “
XM Radio and Sirus Radio
,” so a decision was made to go with using television as secondary communication resources. The numerous smartphones that are used making it possible for emergency responders and citizens within the community to receive vital information in the form of mass texted, emergency response messaging, or through the use television application that downloaded from various news agencies partnered with the emergency management agency. Social media platform such as Twitter and Facebook Live can deliver prompt update information to citizens of potential disaster information or between first responder and leadership of current situation (Eski, Celikli, & Kiyan, 2014).
There are challenges that exist with any new technology. Some challenges experienced by my jurisdiction dealt with getting the emergency management leadership to commit to innovations in communication technology. The leadership concerned with possibility outages of the internet that may affect the use of social media platforms were slowed to approve the use. The offline use of these social media platform might run into trust issue because outsiders who recently moved into the community were hesitate accepting information received due to weak ties (Gultom, 2016).
The solution to combat challenges, especially with outsiders who moved into the community, were providing education using online education video using platforms such as
“Vimeo
” and “
YouTube.
” Newcomers to the community were also directed to the community website to download applications for receiving important required community events and potential disasters (Haddow, Bullock, & Coppola, 2014). The solution for getting the support of the emergency management leadership accomplished by having IT specialist conduct educational programs to provide beneficial information to leadership buy-in.
Eski, A., Celikli, S., & Kiyan, G. S. (2014). The effects of social networking on disaster communication used by emergency medical and rescue staff - The case of the van earthquake.
The Journal of Academic Emergency Medicine, 13
(2), 58-61. doi:10.5152/jaem.2014.19971
Gultom, D. I. (2016). Community-based disaster communication: how does it become trustworthy?
Disaster Prevention and Management, 25
(4), 478-491. doi:10.1108%2FDPM-02-2016-0026
Haddow, G. D., Bullock, J. A., & Coppola, D. P. (2014).
Introduction to emergency management (5th Ed.).
Waltham, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann.
.
Risk Communication by Government and the Role of the Social Media in Crisis C...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
1. Topic
Role of social media in promoting
community participation in
disaster management
2. The role of social media in promoting community participation in
disaster management.
Preamble
• Definition of disaster
• What is disaster management
• Definition of social media and platforms of social media
• Definition of community participation
• The role of social media in promoting community participation
in disaster management.
3. A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously
disrupts the functioning of a community or society and causes
human, material, and economic or environmental losses that
exceed the community’s or society’s ability to cope using its
own resources. Though often caused by nature, disasters can
have human origins (Red Cross and Red Crescent National
Societies)
Disaster Management can be defined as the organization and
management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with
all humanitarian aspects of emergencies, in
particular preparedness, response and recovery in order to
lessen the impact of disasters.
4. Social media is the collective
of online communications
channels dedicated to
community-based input,
interaction, content-sharing
and collaboration. Websites
and applications dedicated
to forums, microblogging, soci
al networking , social
bookmarking, social curation,
and wikis are among the
different types of social
media.
5. community participation is a planned process whereby local
groups (communities) are clarifying and expressing their own
needs and objectives and taking collective action to meet them.
(http://www.forcedmigration.org/rfgexp/rsp_tre/student/commpart/com_02.
htm) .
As the involvement of people in a community projects to solve
their own problems.
In recent years, social media has exploded as a category of online
discourse where people create content, share it, bookmark it and
network at a prodigious rate. The five key characteristics of social
media: collectivity; connectedness; completeness; clarity and
collaboration lend itself to be used increasingly playing a vital role
to support disaster management functions via community
participation. These roles includes
6. This is an info
graphics data
showing the result of
a survey for the
source of information
to Nigerians over the
pass five years.
Most importantly the
use of social media
has gain a significant
increased from 2% in
2007 to 20% in 2015
7. Information dissemination. Information dissemination through
social media tools is an effective means to provide reliable
information quickly to the public to enable them to better prepare
for and respond to crisesIt was reported within an hour of the
earthquake, more than 1,200 tweets per minute were being sent
from Tokyo (Horwath, 2011). Twitter reported that the day of the
earthquake 177 million tweets were recorded, setting a new record
(Dunn, 2011). Even the office of the Prime Minister created a
Facebook page with English translations of official press briefings and
updates, in order to keep the international community informed
(Appleby, 2013). Furthermore, following the nuclear plant blast in
Fukushima, there was a considerable increase in the use of Ustream,
a website that provides a platform for lifecasting and live video
streaming of many diverse channels (Appleby, 2013)
9. Disaster planning and training
Gamification4 leverages social media for disaster planning
and training to promote personnel training, scenario
planning and collaboration between various emergency
management agencies from the public sector, private sector
and civil society organizations. Gamification can enhance
current disaster management practices through sustained
stakeholder training and collaboration. In this respect, the
Kenyan Red Cross and the World Bank bring together
disaster relief experts and software engineers to work on
identifying key challenges and to develop possible solutions
through interactive discussions to overcome a range of
possible scenarios related to natural disaster risk and
response;
10. Collaborative problem solving and decision making
Crowd-sourcing using social media facilitates collaborative
problem solving and decision making by integrating
various streams of information from mobile and web-
based technologies to fill the perceived sense-making and
information gaps as well as to aggregate, analyze and plot
data about urgent humanitarian needs. As the knowledge
base grows, authorities become better positioned to
manage and respond to a range of possible disaster-
related scenarios. As an illustration, responders from the
United States Institute of Peace collect information to
improve their situational awareness so as to make more
informed decisions on the allocation of resources based on
emerging trends;
11. Information gathering. On-the-scene footage, citizen
journalism and disaster assessment are central to information
gathering for coordinating emergency response. Al Jazeera uses
a community platform that leverages on email, mobile text
messages and smart phone applications, to allow the public to
voice their concerns, perceptions, and thoughts regarding on-
going developments.
12. Conclusion
With increasingly more individuals using their mobile phones
to go online worldwide, surpassing time spent on traditional
media such as television, radio and print, it would be essential
to carefully consider how social media applications can be
incorporated into an integrated disaster management platform
for effective disaster management. Leveraging social media
technologies for disaster management provide citizens with a
greater role in preparing for and managing crises which will
help build resilient communities. Embracing resilience as a civic
value and a social norm should ultimately be the way forward
to encourage citizens to take the actions necessary to help
themselves and others during times of disaster.
13. Reference:
NOI-Polls.com
http://whatis.techtarget.com
Red Cross and Red Crescent National Societies
http://www.forcedmigration.org/rfgexp/rsp
tre/student/commpar/com_02.htm
Sarah, P., and Ethan, H. (2008). Social media’s new role in emergency
management. Idaho National Laboratory.
Social Media in Emergency Management, Department of Homeland Security,
Studies and Analysis Institute. USA.
Rive, G., Hare, J., Thomas, J. & Nankivell, K. (2012). Social Media in an
Emergency: A Best Practice Guide. Wellington Region CDEM Group:
Wellington.
