The nasal oxygen catheter consists of a plastic tube with a loop and two prongs at one end to insert into the nostrils to deliver oxygen. The other end connects to an oxygen source. It allows for speech and nutrition by delivering oxygen to the nasopharynx while leaving the oral cavity free. The metered dose inhaler consists of a canister with medicine and propellant inside that delivers an aerosol when pressed. The patient breathes out, places their mouth on the inhaler, presses the canister to release a puff, and inhales deeply to treat asthma attacks or for long-term maintenance therapy. Dry powder inhalers contain medication in a capsule inserted into the device. Rot

1. Nasal Oxygen Catheter
• It is a plastic tube which has a loop at one end.
At the end of the loop it has 2 prongs.
• These prongs are meant to be inserted into
the anterion nostrils to deliver oxygen.
• The other end of the plastic tube is meant to
be attached to the oxygen source.
• The nasal prongs are of 2 sizes – Peadiatric &
Adult.

2. Uses
• It is meant to deliver oxygen to the naso
pharynx, leaving th oral cavity free. Thus it is
more comfortable to the patient as it allow
speech nutrition.

4. METERED DOSE INHALER (MDI)
• The MDI is one of the most popular devices used
for long term maintenance therapy of asthama
• It consists of a metallic canister which contains
the medicine along with the propellant ( usually a
CFC, though inhalers without CFC are now
available) which delivers the medicine to the
patient in the form of an aerosol.
• The canister is inverted and fixed to the inhaler
before actuating the device.

6. • The patient breathes out and puts the mouth
piece of the inhaler in his mouth.
• By pressing on top of the inverted canister, a puff
of the aerosolized medicine is generated.
• The patient should take a deep inspiration as
soon as the puff is generated and then hold his
breath for a few seconds before braething out
gently.
USES  Treatment of acute attack of asthma.
 Maintenance of prevention of repeated attacks
of asthma.

7. Medicine given via MDI
• Inhaled beta 2 agonist drugs –
1. Short acting : salbutamol , terbutaline (used to
terminate acute episodes of bronchial asthma.)
2. Long acting : Salmeterol , formoterol (used in
maintenance therapy of those with persistant
asthma)
• Inhaled anti cholinergic drugs like ipratropium
bromide
• Inhaled mast cell stabalizers – cromolyn sodium
• Inhaled steroids – beclomethasone , budesonide

8. Side Effects
• Tremors – beta agonists
• Palpitations & tachycardia – beta agonists
• Oral candidiasis – steroid deposit in mouth
• Sore throat – dude to steroid deposit in
pharynx and larynx

9. DRY POWDER INHALERS
• Dry powdered inhalers consist of 2 halves.
• The upper half consists of mouth piece and a raised square
slot into which a capsule containing the medication in dry
powdered form can be inserted.
• The lower half is kind of a reservoir which can be attached
to the upper half.
• The lower halve consists of a fin like device which cuts the
capsule on rotating , thus depositing the powder into the
reservoir.
• The patient breathes out, puts the mouth piece in his
mouth and takes a deep breathe, thus inhaling the powder.
• DPI’s are suited for childer over 5 yrs as they requrie
greater inspiratory effort.

10. • Advantages :
1. Small portable device
2. No need to coordinate inspiration with device
actuation.
• Disadvantages
1. Cannot be used in children before 5 yrs.
2. The dry powder can be depositted in the mouth
or pharynx if inspiratory efforts not good.
3. The dry powder might be affected by humid
climate.