Della parte introduttiva delle mie lezioni di idrologia, gli elementi del bilancio idrologico e di energia, il bilancio globale di energia, il bilancio globale di massa
This reminds that evapotranspiration is highly variable but depends upon some indicators that can be estimated from remote and, therefore suggest a method get it spatially.
This is the lecture with which I usually conclude my class in hydrology. It talks about the impact of climate change on hydrology. Wit some specific on the Alpine areas.
Della parte introduttiva delle mie lezioni di idrologia, gli elementi del bilancio idrologico e di energia, il bilancio globale di energia, il bilancio globale di massa
This reminds that evapotranspiration is highly variable but depends upon some indicators that can be estimated from remote and, therefore suggest a method get it spatially.
This is the lecture with which I usually conclude my class in hydrology. It talks about the impact of climate change on hydrology. Wit some specific on the Alpine areas.
This introduces the transpiration from plants phenomenon. It starts from Dalton treatment of the topic and introduces (a little) the Jarvis scheme for estimating stomatal resistances.
Introduzione alla geomorfologia. Dati digitali del terreno. Grandezze primarie: quote, pendenze, curvature. La classificazione del paesaggio in funzione delle curvature.
The document discusses Mikhail Budyko's water balance curve and its use in classifying climate and ecosystems based on a simple mass and energy balance equation. It examines Budyko's analysis of water balance for river basins over annual time scales, where water storage changes and subsurface flows can be neglected. Budyko's curve relates long-term average evapotranspiration to precipitation and available energy, distinguishing between energy-limited and water-limited environments. Several analytical models have since been proposed to represent Budyko's curve.
This contains the description of the class of Hydrology at the Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Ambientale e Meccanica dell'Università di Trento. For the year 2017.
This introduces the transpiration from plants phenomenon. It starts from Dalton treatment of the topic and introduces (a little) the Jarvis scheme for estimating stomatal resistances.
Introduzione alla geomorfologia. Dati digitali del terreno. Grandezze primarie: quote, pendenze, curvature. La classificazione del paesaggio in funzione delle curvature.
The document discusses Mikhail Budyko's water balance curve and its use in classifying climate and ecosystems based on a simple mass and energy balance equation. It examines Budyko's analysis of water balance for river basins over annual time scales, where water storage changes and subsurface flows can be neglected. Budyko's curve relates long-term average evapotranspiration to precipitation and available energy, distinguishing between energy-limited and water-limited environments. Several analytical models have since been proposed to represent Budyko's curve.
This contains the description of the class of Hydrology at the Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Ambientale e Meccanica dell'Università di Trento. For the year 2017.
This is a presentation of the JGrass-newAGE system held in Potenza on February 24 20117. It contains an overview of concepts, ideas, behing JGrass-NewAGE ans shows some achievements in a critical manner.
Introduzione all'uso della Console di OMS e di QGIS (per le analisi del corso...Riccardo Rigon
Le slides contengono una descrizione della Console di OMS e di alcuni comandi elementari di QGIS per gestire i dati spaziali che saranno utilizzati nel corso di Idrologia dell'Università di Trento (2017).
3 alberti-seconda parte - About Spatial CorrelationRiccardo Rigon
By Matteo Alberti. More information and figures about Variograms and semivariograms. Related to the other material on interpolation of the course of Hydrology @ unitn
1. The document discusses long wave radiation emitted by the Earth's surface and atmosphere. It describes the Earth as a gray body that emits radiation in the infrared band given its average surface temperature of 288K.
2. It explains that the atmosphere absorbs and re-emits long wave radiation from the Earth's surface, and without this greenhouse effect the average surface temperature would be around -17C instead of 15C.
3. It provides equations to calculate long wave radiation from a surface based on the surface temperature and the atmospheric emissivity and temperature, noting that multiple parameterizations exist to estimate the atmospheric emissivity.
1) The atmosphere is not a perfect absorber of radiation like a blackbody, but rather a "gray body" that absorbs some but not all radiation.
2) Radiation passes through the Earth's atmosphere, with 45-50% of incident radiation reaching the ground. Some radiation is reflected and scattered by the atmosphere.
3) Shortwave radiation that enters the atmosphere is transferred to the ground through reflection, absorption, and transmission. The incoming and outgoing radiation must be in balance.
1) Solar radiation intensity governs seasonal climate changes and local climates due to variations in the sun's apparent height.
2) Incoming solar radiation is not evenly distributed across latitudes, creating heating imbalances between the equator and poles.
3) Calculations of solar radiation incident on Earth's curved surface must account for variables including latitude, time of day, day of year, and Earth's tilted orbit which causes seasons.
It contains the description of the Solar radiation relation with the astronomical movements of both Earth and sun. Used in the class of Hydrology at the University of Trento
4. R. RigonR. Rigon
4
modificatodaWallaceandHobbs,1977
I l 1 9 % v i e n e a s s o r b i t o
dall’atmosfera.
Una piccola percentuale (1%)
viene utilizzata dalle piante.
P i c c o l a p e r c e n t u a l e m a
importanza sostanziale !
I l 3 0 % d e l l a r a d i a z i o n e
mediamente riflesso verso lo
spazio (e costituisce l’albedo
medio della Terra).
19 + 1 + 30 + 50 = 100
(16+3)
Il bilancio globale di energia
R. Rigon
5. R. RigonR. Rigon
5
modificatodaWallaceandHobbs,1977
Il 50 % che il suolo riceve, viene
restituito allo spazio (se il
bilancio di energia fosse
s t a z i o n a r i o : i n v e r i t à i l
cambiamento climatico sta
tutto nell’ “imbalance”).
A questo 50 % sia aggiunge il
19% che l’atmosfera aveva
assorbito a costituire la
radiazione infrarossa uscente
(69 %).
Il 50 % si può pensare composto
di 3 parti:l’emissione radiativa
della superficie (20%), il flusso
evapotraspirativo (23%) e la
p e r d i t a d i c a l o r e p e r
convezione (7%)
Il bilancio globale di energia
7. R. RigonR. Rigon
Bilancio Annuale Medio degli Oceani
7
Lin,B.,P.W.StackhouseJr.,P.Minnis,B.A.Wielicki,Y.Hu,W.Sun,T.-
F.Fan,andL.M.Hinkelman(2008),Assessmentofglobalannual
atmosphericenergybalancefromsatelliteobservations,J.Geophys.
Res.,113,D16114,doi:10.1029/2008JD009869
Il bilancio globale di energia
R. Rigon