A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout a single phase. A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture where particles remain mixed while being stirred but later settle to the bottom. A colloid is a middle-sized mixture that is stable and homogeneous like a solution but contains particles that can be seen with a light microscope.

1. Solutions 13.1

2. Mixtures A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout a single phase. Stable…no settling. In a homogeneous mixture the particles are molecule-sized, so the mixture appears to be made of only one substance. Homo = looks the same The particles of a heterogeneous mixture are large enough to see. Hetero = looks different

3. Suspensions A suspension is a mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas. In a suspension, the particles may remain mixed with the liquid while the liquid is being stirred, but later they settle to the bottom. Not stable.

4. Particle Model for a Suspension

5. Solution Any mixture that is homogeneous. Air is a gaseous solution. A homogeneous liquid mixture: one main component—a liquid one or more additional ingredients that are present in smaller amounts.

6. Solutions The solvent is the primary ingredient in a solution. Water is the most common solvent. Water is known as the universal solvent. The other ingredients are the solutes. Solutes are dissolved in the solvent. Aqueous solutions have water as the solvent.

7. Solid Solutions? Another type of solution involves one solid mixed with another solid. Examples include alloys such as: brass, bronze, and steel The “gold penny” you made in lab was really brass.

8. Liquid and Solid Solutions

9. Gold and Gold Alloy

10. Colloids A colloid is a mixture. Particles are middle sized . Bigger than solution but smaller than Stable Homogeneous Example: Milk Looks homogeneous. But milk contains fat and lumps of casein (protein) in a liquid called whey.

11. Colloids show up in light.

12. Separating Mixtures Mixtures are separated based on their physical properties. Filtering, settling, evaporation… Chromatography separates by differences in attraction.

13. Distillation Separates by differences in boiling point As one component reaches its boiling point, it evaporates from the mixture and is allowed to cool and condense. This is called a distillate. Salt water can be boiled to make pure water. When the water boils away the salt is left behind.

14. READ CHAPTER 13 SECTION 1 ADD ANY VOCAB THAT I DID NOT COVER TO YOUR 13.1 NOTES. DO: p.459 1-12