The document provides guidance on writing a successful research proposal. It emphasizes that the proposal should clearly define the research topic and question. It should demonstrate an understanding of how to conduct research and look professional. The proposal should include an introduction, literature review, research methods, expected results and conclusions. It outlines the key components a proposal should contain and common mistakes to avoid, such as not clearly stating the research goals or providing too many technical details. Overall, the document stresses that a good proposal convinces the reader that the research is original, important and feasible to conduct.
What is the difference between research methodology and research designPhD Assistance
What is the difference between research methodology and research design? - PhD Assistance -
http://www.phdassistance.com/services/phd-research-methodology/
What is the difference between research methodology and research designPhD Assistance
What is the difference between research methodology and research design? - PhD Assistance -
http://www.phdassistance.com/services/phd-research-methodology/
Thesis research topic selection mentoring service help ph d assistance ukPhD Assistance
If you are struggling to select a best and interesting PhD Dissertation Topics for British University, then PhD Assistance Research Lab Experts help you in researching a unique and researchable PhD Research Topic that reflects a whole study
Website Visit :
https://phdassistance.co.uk/
Contact Us:
UK NO: UK: +44 7537144372
India No: +91-9176966446
Email us : info@phdassistance.co.uk
Nicaragua: ¡No al canal de la indignidad y la destrucción del campesinado y d...humbertogomezsequeira
La guerra del Cartel Ortega-Wang en contra de las naciones indígenas y afro-descendientes para deshumanizarlas, desposeerlas y esclavizarlas a la construcción del canal interoceánico.
Thesis research topic selection mentoring service help ph d assistance ukPhD Assistance
If you are struggling to select a best and interesting PhD Dissertation Topics for British University, then PhD Assistance Research Lab Experts help you in researching a unique and researchable PhD Research Topic that reflects a whole study
Website Visit :
https://phdassistance.co.uk/
Contact Us:
UK NO: UK: +44 7537144372
India No: +91-9176966446
Email us : info@phdassistance.co.uk
Nicaragua: ¡No al canal de la indignidad y la destrucción del campesinado y d...humbertogomezsequeira
La guerra del Cartel Ortega-Wang en contra de las naciones indígenas y afro-descendientes para deshumanizarlas, desposeerlas y esclavizarlas a la construcción del canal interoceánico.
IBM in Surveillance: Solutions that Deliver InnovationPaula Koziol
Video surveillance has a growing significance as organizations seek to safeguard their physical and capital assets. Simultaneously, the requirement to detect more places, people, and things together with a desire to draw out more useful information from video data is rousing new demands for capacities, capabilities, and scalability. IBM Storage offers a broad spectrum of offerings which are ideally suited to help organizations store, manage and secure increasingly large volumes of video surveillance footage. Hear about the evolving DVS space and how IBM Storage offerings -- such as FlashSystem, Storwize Family, Elastic Storage Server, Spectrum Scale and Spectrum Archive -- can deliver higher value for digital video surveillance solutions.
Military Archives & Preservation: 15th Brigade Support Battalion Crystal Guliford
Status update on photographic preservation tasking:
The mission of the 15th Brigade Support Battalion, "Gamblers," is to, on order, deploy to any theater of operations, execute logistical operations in support of 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division, redeploy, reconstitute and prepare for future operations. The 15th Support Battalion had a long heritage of providing logistic support to the Army. For more than 75 years, the Battalion had deployed around the world to participate in numerous campaigns. The 1st Cavalry Division ("First Team"[1]) is a combined arms division and is one of the most decorated combat divisions of the United States Army, as well as the other four branches of the U.S. military.[2][not in citation given] It is based at Fort Hood, Texas.
Discover the top 6 differences between a traditional antivirus and Adaptive Defense, the intelligent cyber-security platform by Panda Security. http://bit.ly/2mw7DCA
Inaugura el Dip Fed Waldo Fernandez Los Símbolos Patrios, la Bandera Mexican...Pablo Carrillo
Inaugura el Dip Fed Waldo Fernandez Los Símbolos Patrios, la Bandera Mexicana 1810-1967” La cual se llevó a cabo en el H. Congreso de Nuevo León con el Diputado Local Andrés Cantú y el Cónsul de Estados Unidos, Timothy Zúñiga Brown.
This is the presentation by Inflectra at its 2017 user summit conference in London, UK. The presentation provides information on company strategy and initiatives as well as presenting the new features planned in SpiraTest, SpiraPlan, SpiraTeam, Rapise and KronoDesk in the coming year.
In gameful design, motivational affordances are often used to facilitate intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. This presentation details the 12 dimensions of motivational affordances according to the Gameful Design Heuristics by the HCI Games Group.
Research proposal: How to Write a Research ProposalM. A. Shahzad
Most students and beginning researchers do not fully understand what a research proposal means, nor do they understand its importance. To put it bluntly, one's research is only as a good as one's proposal. An ill-conceived proposal dooms the project even if it somehow gets through the Thesis Supervisory Committee. A high quality proposal, on the other hand, not/only promises success for the project, but also impresses your Thesis Committee about your potential as a researcher.
A research proposal is intended to convince others that you have a worthwhile research project and that you have the competence and the work-plan to complete it. Generally, a research proposal should contain all the key elements involved in the research process and include sufficient information for the readers to evaluate the proposed study.
Regardless of your research area and the methodology you choose, all research proposals must address the following questions: What you plan to accomplish, why you want to do it and how you are going to do it.
The proposal should have sufficient information to convince your readers that you have an important research idea, that you have a good grasp of the relevant literature and the major issues, and that your methodology is sound.
The quality of your research proposal depends not only on the quality of your proposed project, but also on the quality of your proposal writing. A good research project may run the risk of rejection simply because the proposal is poorly written. Therefore, it pays if your writing is coherent, clear and compelling.
This training focuses on proposal writing rather than on the development of research ideas.
It's helpful to understand the difference between research proposal and the research paper. It's important to write a research proposal of the projects like semester projects or FYP (Final Year Project) in Engineering & other Universities.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
4. Writing a formal research proposal should
be started by the time one has decided on
the topic for the study
5. A postgraduate research proposal
should
• Clearly define the topic you’re interested in and show you
understand your research area
• Show you identified and developed an original and
interesting research question
• Demonstrate you understand how to conduct research
• Look professional – it should be typed, in good English,
well-structured with suitable headings and clear and
legible
• Include a bibliography, listing the books and, articles
6. What should a research proposal
contain?
• An introduction to the proposal
• Identify the subject for research in terms of theoretical issues and relevant
applications
• A review of relevant literature and theories relating to your proposed research
area
• Research methods you will use and the form and location
• Where and for how long might you collect any relevant data?
• Outline the sources of information you might need
• Geographical area in which the study will take place
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of this choice?
7. What is Research?
“A systematic investigation into a subject in
order to discover facts and principles”.
8. • Research refers to a search for knowledge
• Research means a scientific and systematic
search for relevant information on a specific
topic
• The purpose of research is to discover answers
to questions through the application of
scientific procedures
9. •Writing a research proposal is both
science and art
•A good research proposal is based on scientific
facts and on the art of clear communication
10. Some Basics
•Why write a proposal?
•Approval
•Funding
•Refine ideas/methods
•Who is the audience?
…………………………………………………………..
•Different from a research paper
•No analyzed data/or results
12. Components
•Data Analysis
•What scores/data will be used
•What tests used for analysis
•Expected pattern of results
•Discussion
•Restate expected outcome
•If Results consistent with expectations
•If Results not consistent with expectations
•Conclusion
•Potential implications of results
13. Outlines
• Cover Page
• Table of Contents
• Title
• Abstract
• Introduction /Background
• Objective
• Literature Review
• Methods
• Significance
…………………………………………………………………….
• Common Mistake in Proposal Writing
14. Cover Page
• The cover page must contain:
• The name of the student, if it is a team work
then the names of the teem members.
• The name of instructor
• Affiliated University
• Date of Submission
• Title of Research
15. Table of Contents
• This should guide the reader where to find the
specific pages of the project.
• Number the pages of the research paper make
sure to number all diagrams, tables, accurately
16. Title:
• An effective title attracts the reader’s interest.
• Should be precise, specific and descriptive
17. Abstract
• Need one page (150-200 words) abstract of the
research proposal. It should be short precise and
complete. The abstract of Biological Research must in
brief contain the following points
• - Background
• - Aim of the Research
• - Methods used
• - Results
• - Conclusion of the research experiment
18. Introduction:
• The introduction begins with a general statement of the
problem area
• With a focus on research problems to be followed by the
• Rationale/Justification for the proposed study.
• should stress on the research problem, which is often referred
as purpose of the study
• Begin the research with A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM or
THESIS STATEMENT
• States the Research Questions, its importance
• Major problems and sub problems to be addressed by
research
• Identify key dependent and independent variables
• Set the delimitations of your proposed research
• Presents rationale of the proposed study and indicate why it is
worth doing.
20. Objectives
• This is a very important and pivotal section
and everything else in the study is centered
around it
• The objective of the proposed study should
be stated very clearly
• The objective stated should be specific,
achievable and measurable
• Too many objectives to be avoided
• Even just one clearly stated relevant objective for a
study would be good enough
• If there is more than one objective the objectives
can be presented in the appropriate order of
importance
21. Literature Review:
• It serves several important functions
• Ensures that you are not reinventing the “wheel”
• Demonstrates your knowledge of the research problem
• Your ability to evaluate relevant literature information
• Understanding of research issues related to your research
question
• Convinces the reader that the research will make significant
22. Methods:
• The methods section is very important.
• It tells how you to plan to tackle your research problem.
• It will provide your work plan and activities necessary for
• Implementation of your research project.
• Appropriate Field design (Statistics)
• Location of experiment
• No. of experiments and replications
• Recording of data/parameters
• Dependent and Independent variables
• Statistical analysis (Graphs, Tables)
• Analysis of Variance
• Regression, Interaction
23. Significance:
• This a very important section
• Expected conclusion & significance of your research
to society or recommendations
• Suggested future research, if any
Conclusions/Results:
• Obviously you do not have results at the proposal
stage. However, you need to have some idea about
what kind of data you will be collecting, and what
statistical procedures will be used in order to answer
your research question or test you hypothesis
24. Limitation of the study
• It is not possible to include ALL aspects of a
particular problem.
• STATE WHAT IS NOT INCLUDED!
• A too wide area of investigation is impractical
and will lead to problems.
• SPECIFY THE BOUNDARIES of your research.
25. Definition of terms
• Terms or concepts that you use should be
defined and explained unless they are familiar
or obvious.
• Refer to authoritative sources for definitions.
26. Literature review
• Shows that you are aware of the literature
study that is required in your research
area.
• Your review a substantial amount of
reading materials before writing your
proposal.
• Shows that you have the theoretical
knowledge in your chosen research area
27. Common Mistakes in Proposal Writing:-
• Failure to provide the proper context to frame the research
question.
• Failure to accurately present the theoretical and empirical
contributions by other researchers.
• Failure to stay focused on the research question.
• Failure to develop a coherent and persuasive argument for
the proposed research.
• Too much detail on minor issues, but not enough detail on
major issues.
• Too much rambling going “all over the map” without a clear
sense of direction.
• Too many citation lapses and incorrect references.
• Too long or too short.
• Not following “a particular “style
29. Title of Research Project
• Reject
– Too long and technical of a title will not gain the
reviewer’s attention or interest.
– Too short or broad a title will make the reviewer
too critical of grant.
– Example:
• Determining the mechanism of action of Bcl-2 family
members in regulating apoptotic signaling complexes
within the mitochondria leading to a cure in cancers.
30. Budget:
• Good
– Give a detailed account of where you will be
spending the money.
– Approximately one third of the budget should go
to supplies.
• Reject
– Do not justify spending all the budget on
personnel.
31. All other Operating Grants
• Good
– Declare all operating grants.
– Declare 0% or 100% overlap.
– In this granting environment it is reasonable to
apply from multiple sources to get funding.
• Reject
• The review committee going to treat this grant as 100%
overlap.
32. Non-Scientific Summary
• Good
– Clearly state why this project is important.
– Declare the impact this research will have on
cancer or other diseases.
– Give it to a non-research friend to read.
• Reject
– Using too much technical language.
– Do not use acronyms even if you define
them.
33. Summary of Research Proposal
• Good
– give a short but informative background to justify
the research hypothesis and objectives.
– State the impact, significance and innovation in
this proposal.
• Reject
– Technical and condensed phrasing of the project.
– No clear statement of what is the purpose of this
study.
34. Details of Research Proposal
• Goals and/or Objectives of Research
– Good
• This is usually one paragraph telling the reviewer
everything they need to know about this research
proposal.
• This provides the opportunity to gain the reviewers
interest and excitement about this proposal.
• It should contain the background on why this research is
important, hypothesis, and objectives.
• Should state the innovation of this proposal.
• Finally it should in a clear statement demonstrate why this
project is significant and what impact it will have.
35. Details of Research Proposal
• Reject
– No goal or objective statement at the start of the
proposal.
– Too technical and condensed will make it hard to
read and understand.
– Too short will not give the reviewer the needed
information to understand the proposal.
– Too long will make the reviewer skip to the
background and makes the reviewer search for
what is important.
36. Details of Research Proposal
• Background:
– Good
• Give the reviewer the needed information to
understand the objectives and approaches in this
proposal.
• Structure the background to go from broad information
• Build up the background towards answering a specific
question that is unknown.
37. Details of Research Proposal
• Background:
– Good
• There should be section within the background to
discuss preliminary data.
• Connect preliminary data to background.
• If limited preliminary data, spend time on the
innovation such as using unique resources at CCMB for
this proposal.
38. Details of Research Proposal
• Background
– Reject
• Do not expand background to unnecessary information
that does not support the hypothesis.
• Background should not exceed one third to one half of
proposal.
• No preliminary data generally negatively impacts the
proposal in two ways.
– No indication that the proposal will be feasible.
– No indication the applicant can do the proposed work.
39. Details of Research Proposal
• Rationale and Hypothesis.
– Good
• Clearly state the hypothesis or number of hypotheses
that will be addressed in the proposal.
• Give a rationale why this hypothesis is important to
investigate.
– Reject
• Avoid combining the two together. It could be confusing
to the reviewer.
• Too long of a hypothesis makes it hard to understand
the aim of the research.
40. Details of Research Proposal
• Specific Aims
– Good
• Limit specific aims to 3-4.
• Make sure controls are added to approaches taken.
• Always give what your expected results will be.
• Always give alternative approaches since pitfalls happen.
• Address feasibility if you have not demonstrated that you
can do the experiments proposed.
41. Details of Research Proposal
• Specific Aims:
– Address innovation wherever possible.
– Justify the use of specific reagents or animal
models.
• For example:
– If you use a cell line why that cell line
– If you use an animal model why that animal model.
– Confirm results with multiple approaches.
42. Details of Research Proposal
• Specific Aims
– Reject
• Many specific aims is bad. This is a two year proposal and if it is too
ambitious, will negatively impact on reviewers.
• Avoid to many specifics on experiments.
43. Details of Research Proposal
• Significance and Impact:
– Good
• Last chance to impress the reviewer on the importance of what you are
proposing.
• Give a sense of future directions for this research.
• Why is this proposal innovative?
• Impact on the field and/or on the disease being studied should be stated.
– Reject
• No significance statement.
• Superficial such as this will cure a disease.
44. Applicant’s CV details:
• Good
– List all awards especially awards directly related to your research.
– List all publications in the last five years.
• Abstracts are an easy why to show productivity.
• Give impact factors for publications and citations if any.
• Give ranking of journal in your field of research if possible.
• Reject
– No evidence of research activity or track record.
– All middle authors for publications.
45. General Thoughts
• Reviewers will not be experts in your field of research. Make the proposal
accessible to them.
• Get your proposal read by a colleague or someone in your area of research. They
might find problems that reviewers will find.
• Plagiarism check!!