Looi, C., & Wong, L. (2014, September). Enculturating self-directed mobile assisted language learning (MALL) and seamless language learning (SLL). Paper presented at the meeting of KAMALL Annual Conference 2014, Seoul, Korea. [Abstract] Recent characterization of mobile learning recognizes that it enables learning environments that transcend physical settings, emphasizing the “mobility” of learning in context. With mobile learning, the learning environment is no longer fixed to one particular location (e.g., physical classroom) or digital context (e.g., e-learning portal), but moves to wherever the learner is, hence enabling the surroundings to transform into the learning environment. Indeed, this perspective presents many opportunities for supporting the learning of languages which is often contextual. This talk reviews the various research efforts in the field mobile-assisted language learning. A productive framework for informing the design of language learning is the notion of seamless learning which refers to the synergistic integration of the learning experiences across a range of dimensions, such as spanning formal and informal learning contexts, individual and social learning, and across time, location and learning media. The basic premise of seamless learning is that it is not feasible nor productive to equip learners with all the knowledge and skills they need based on specific snapshots of an episodic time frame, location, scenario or setting, which is what happens in much of formal education or instruction. Designing for seamless learning requires enabling and supporting learners to be self-directed – to learn whenever they are curious and to seamlessly switch between the different contexts. Learning can be facilitated or scaffolded by teachers, peers or others in one context; yet at other times it could be student-initiated, impromptu, and emergent. Thus, in the design of seamless language learning, we tap on the enablement and the coherence of continuous learning activities in different contexts. Such an advanced language learning model is congruent with the sociocultural perspective and the communicative approach of language learning, where learner autonomy, contextualization, social interactions and learner reflection are foregrounded. We conclude the talk with posing some promising research directions in Mobile- Assisted Seamless Language Learning.