The document provides guidance on developing effective presentation skills. It covers preparing a presentation by understanding the audience, structuring the content logically, and using visual aids. It also discusses preparing oneself through confidence, appearance, voice control, and reducing tension. When delivering the presentation, the document advises controlling nerves, speaking confidently, and closing effectively. It concludes by offering tips on judging the audience's mood and handling questions.

1. PRESENTATION SKILLS

11. PLANNING A PRESENTATION IDENTIFY YOUR AUDIENCE IMPERATIVES OF PLANNING FACTS STYLE PACE TONE TACTICS TIMING FORMULATE YOUR OBJECTIVE STATEMENT OF PURPOSE SIMPLE, CONCISE AND UNAMBIGUOUS FOCUS IS THE KEY

12. THE STRUCTURE THE OVERVIEW THE LEAD THE THESIS STATEMENT THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE THE END STRUCTURE

22. Head is high and straight Shoulders are pulled back and straight Back is straight Stomach is held in Arms are relaxed and hang by sides Bottom is held in Hands are relaxed fingers are loose Legs are straight Knee joints are loose, not locked Feet are evenly spaced

23. AVOIDING BAD HABITS Eye contact with audience lost when you look at podium Speaking into podium muffles voice Slouching looks unprofessional Standing with your back to an audience detracts from your speech Visual aid blocked by body Crossing your legs makes your stance less stable and shows lack of authority

28. FACIAL SQUEEZE Try to squeeze your face as though it is being compressed between your chin and forehead. Start with a frown. Relax and repeat FACIAL SCRUNCH Tightly close your eyes, purse your lips, and scrunch up your face as if there is sideways compression. Hold for 30 second, then relax FACIAL STRETCH Open both your eyes and mouth as wide as possible, stretching the muscles in your face. Repeat two or three times as required Tense forehead muscles Purse lips tightly together Stretch jaw as wide as possible Open eye lids Eliminating Tension

33. SPEAKING AUTHORITATIVELY This confident stance suggests a thorough grasp of subject matter, well establish authority and credibility with the audience. LOOKING AND FEELING RELAXED Once audience rapport has been built, the speaker visibly relaxes and the audience focuses more readily on what is being said. USING THE RIGHTGESTURE The speaker makes good use of open-handed gesture to emphasize his integrity and draw the entire audience into his presentation Eye contact establishes positive rapport with audience Relaxed body language coveys confidence Open jacket presents an image of honesty Gaze includes entire audience Open hand gesture emphasize key points

38. Neutral facial Expression indicates unformed opinion Chin resting on hand shows concentration Crossed legs suggest contemplation NEUTRAL POSTURE This familiar relaxed posture suggests an open mind. This person has yet to be swayed either way by the argument and is willing to hear more.

39. Impassive impression Folded arms form a barrier across body Crossed legs can suggests negativity NEGATIVE POSTURE This posture – leaning back with arms folded and legs crossed – suggests resistance towards the presenter.

40. Frown of concentration Torso leans forwards Clasped fingers indicate thoughtfulness QUIZZICAL POSTURE Leaning forwards with elbow on knee and chin resting on clasped hand, suggests that this person is considering a point that the speaker is making.

41. Position of chin on knuckles indicates eagerness to learn Arrangements of legs indicates alertness INTERESTED POSTURE This posture expresses interest. The body leans forward and the chin rests on the hand. The leg positions also reinforce the positive stance of the upper body.

42. Leaning forward demonstrates agreement AGREEMENT POSTURE The relaxed position of the hands, the parallel legs and the frank open expression of the face indicate that the listener agrees entirely with your presentation.

48. “ I DON’T KNOW THE ANSWER, BUT I CAN FIND OUT FOR YOU. IF YOU LEAVE ME YOUR ADDRESS, I WILL GET BACK TO YOU ”

49. “ I’M NOT SURE I KNOW THE ANSWER TO THAT ONE . PERHAPS WE COULD DISCUSS IT AFTER THE SESSION ”

50. “ I NEED TO THINK ABOUT THAT ONE . COULD WE COME BACK TO IT LATER ? NEXT QUESTION, PLEASE. ”

51. “ THERE REALLY IS NO RIGHT OR WRONG ANSWER TO THAT HOWEVER, MY PERSONAL BELIEF IS … ”

54. KEEPING ON TRACK This illustration shows two possible courses of a presentation – a negative and a positive outcome . Despite a strong start, there may be hecklers and mishaps. This could cause a presentation to end in chaos. To stay on course, stay calm, deal with mishaps as they occur and move on with composure and aplomb. Hold the audience’s interest and you can make a success of any situation Respond well to questions from audience Conclude with clear summary Illuminate points with interesting example Sum up main points so far Pause to take a drink of water and renew eye contact since this can change the course of events Tell a joke at your own expense Presentation degenerates Into chaos Hecklers shout “ rubbish” Drop notes on floor Start off strongly KEEPING ON TRACK

56. I HAVE ALREADY STATED MY POINT OF VIEW DURING MY PRESENTATION. I DON’TTHINK I HAVE ANYTHING MORE TO ADD AT THIS JUNCTURE. YOU HAVE CERTAINLY MADE A VALID POINT . BUT I PREFER TO THINK THAT …………… NO , THAT IS NOT WHAT I AM SAYING AT ALL. I WANT TO REITERATE THAT WHAT I AM ACTUALLY SAYING ……… WHERE AS I APPRECIATE WHAT YOU ARE SAYING I FEEL THAT I MUST EMPHASISE THAT………..