Intellectual honesty is an applied method of problem solving, characterized by an unbiased, honest attitude, which can be demonstrated in a number of different ways including: Ensuring support for chosen ideologies does not interfere with the pursuit of truth; Relevant facts and information are not purposefully omitted even when such things may contradict one's hypothesis; Facts are presented in an unbiased manner, and not twisted to give misleading impressions or to support one view over another; References, or earlier work, are acknowledged where possible, and plagiarism is avoided. practices. For individuals, research integrity is an aspect of moral character and experience. It involves above all a commitment to intellectual honesty and personal responsibility for one's actions and to a range of practices that characterize responsible research conduct.

1. INTELLECTUALHONESTYAND
RESEARCHINTEGRITY
Prepared By:
Dr. Sheelu Singh Bhatia

2. Overview
As per Wikiversity, Intellectual honesty is an applied method of
problem solving, characterized by an unbiased, honest attitude,
which can be demonstrated in a number of different ways
including:
Ensuring support for chosen ideologies does not interfere with
the pursuit of truth; Relevant facts and information are not
purposefully omitted even when such things may contradict
one's hypothesis;
• Facts are presented in an unbiased manner, and not twisted to
give misleading impressions or to support one view over
another;
• References, or earlier work, are acknowledged where possible,
and plagiarism is avoided.
• For individuals research integrity is an aspect of moral
character and experience. It involves above all a commitment
to intellectual honesty and personal responsibility for one's
actions and to a range of practices that characterize
responsible research conduct.

3. Thegoodpracticesofresearchintegrityinclude
• Intellectual honesty and fairness in proposing, performing,
and reporting research;
• Accuracy and fairness in representing contributions to
research proposals and reports;
• Proficiency and fairness in peer review;
• Collegiality in scientific interactions, communications and
sharing of resources;
• Disclosure of conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of
interest;
• Protection of human subjects in the conduct of research;
• Humane care of animals in the conduct of research;
• Adherence to the mutual responsibilities of mentors and
trainees.

4. elementsofprofessionalism
When self-regulation fails to sustain honesty and high
quality, society imposes rules and laws to maintain its
interests in professional quality. The main elements of
professionalism are:
• Intellectual honesty;
• Excellence in thinking and doing:
• Collegiality and openness;
• Autonomy and responsibility;
• Self-regulation.

5. elementsresponsibleforresearchconduct
• Conducting and reporting research;
• Role of the hypothesis;
• Critical nature of experimental design:
• The tentativeness of conclusions;
• Scepticism and humility tempered with conviction;
• Dealing with surprises serendipity Communicating with
colleagues;
• Communicating with the community- media.

6. BasesofResearchIntegrity
Individual Level (the individual scientist, integrity embodies above all a
commitment to intellectual honesty and personal responsibility for one's
actions and to a range of practices that characterize the responsible
conduct of research) it includes:
• intellectual honesty in proposing, performing, and reporting research;
• accuracy in representing contributions to research proposals and
reports;
• fairness in peer review;
• collegiality in scientific interactions, including communications and
sharing of resources;
• transparency in conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest;
• protection of human subjects in the conduct of research;
• humane care of animals in the conduct of research;
• adherence to the mutual responsibilities between investigators and
their research teams.

7. • Institutional Level (Institutions seeking to create an environment that
promotes responsible conduct by individual scientists and that fosters
integrity must establish and continuously monitor structures,
processes, policies, and procedures) that:
• provide leadership in support of responsible conduct of research;
• encourage respect for everyone involved in the research enterprise;
• promote productive interactions between trainees and mentors;
• advocate adherence to the rules regarding all aspects of the conduct
of research, especially research involving human participants and
animals;
• anticipate, reveal, and manage individual and institutional conflicts of
interest; arrange timely and thorough inquiries and investigations of
allegations of scientific misconduct and apply appropriate
administrative sanctions;
• offer educational opportunities pertaining to integrity in the conduct of
research;
• monitor and evaluate the institutional environment supporting integrity
in the conduct of research and use this knowledge for continuous
quality improvement.

8. PromotingIntegrityinResearch
• Teaching of the responsible conduct of research presents
a special challenge in the organizations because it
requires a synthesis of ethics and science. The provision
of instruction in the responsible conduct of research need
not to be driven by federal mandates, for it derives from a
premise fundamental to doing science: the responsible
conduct of research is not distinct from research;
competency in research encompasses the responsible
conduct of that research and the capacity for ethical
decision making.

9. fiveobjectivesforgraduatestudentsandpostdoctoralfellows(Dell,2012)
• Emphasize responsible conduct as central to conducting good
science;
• Maximize the likelihood that education in the responsible
conduct of research influences individuals and institutions
rather than merely satisfies an item on a checkoff list
necessary for that institution;
• Impart essential rules and guidelines regarding responsible
conduct of research in one's discipline and profession in
context;
• Enable participants in the educational programs to develop
abilities that will help them to effectively manage concerns
related to responsible conduct of research that cannot be
anticipated but that are certain to arise in the future;
• Verify that the first four objectives have been met.

10. FOSTERINGINTEGRITYINRESEARCH
• The factors within the research environment that
institutions should consider in the development and
maintenance of such a culture and climate include, but
are not limited to, supportive leadership, appropriate
policies and procedures, effective educational programs,
and evaluation of any efforts devoted to fostering integrity
in research.
• Federal research agencies and private foundations should
work with educational institutions to develop funding
mechanisms to provide support for programs that promote
the responsible conduct of research.

11. IMPLEMENTATIONOFEFFECTIVEEDUCATIONAL
PROGRAMS
• Institutions should implement effective educational
programs that enhance the responsible conduct of
research:
• ✓ Educational programs should be built around the
development of abilities that give rise to the responsible
conduct of research.
• ✓ The design of programs should be guided by basic
principles of adult learning.

12. EvaluationbySelf-Assessment
• This may be an effective tool which can optimize the
institutional approach to fostering the responsible conduct
of research. Evaluation could be approached in a number
of variety of ways. One of them is to rely on external
evaluators to determine compliance with regulatory
controls while the other is to rely on a system of
performance-based assessments that are initiated and
implemented internally. Such type of assessments can
also be used to meet the accountability requirements of
outside funding agencies and government sources. Peer
reviewers may be used in institutional self-assessment
processes; assessments done by peer reviewers may or
may not be associated with accreditation by external
organizations/agencies.

13. • Research institutions should evaluate and enhance the integrity of
their research environments using the following process of self-
assessment and external peer review in an on-going process that
provides input for continuous quality improvement:
• The importance of external peer review of the institution cannot be
overemphasized. Such a process will help to ensure the credibility of
the review, provide suggestions for improvement of the process, and
increase public confidence in the research enterprise.
• Effective self-assessment will require the development and validation
of evaluation instruments and measures.
• Assessment of integrity and the factors associated with it should
occur at all levels within the institution (i.e. at the institutional level, the
research unit level, and the individual level).
• At the individual level, assessment of integrity should be an integral
part of regular performance appraisals. As with any new program, a
phase-in or pilot testing period is to be expected, and the assessment
and accreditation process should be continually modified as needed
based on results of these early actions.

14. Institutionalself-assessmentofintegrityinresearch
• Institutional self-assessment of integrity in research should be
part of existing accreditation processes whenever possible in
the following way:
• Accreditation provides established procedures, including
external peer review, that can be modified to incorporate
assessments of efforts related to integrity in research within an
institution.
• Entities that currently accredit educational programs at
institutions where research is conducted would be the bodies to
also review the process and the outcome data from the
institution's self-assessment of its climate for promotion of
integrity in research.
• Government research agencies and private foundations should
support efforts to integrate self-assessment of the research
environment into existing accreditation processes, and they
also should fund research into the effectiveness of such efforts.

15. THANKYOU