Violation of publication ethics can take several forms, including data manipulation, duplicate publication, simultaneous submission, plagiarism, and salami slicing. Upholding publication ethics is important to establish the integrity and credibility of scholarly research. It is the responsibility of authors to avoid fabricating or manipulating data, plagiarizing, submitting manuscripts to multiple journals simultaneously, or including guest authors who did not meaningfully contribute. Organizations like COPE and ICMJE provide guidelines to help authors, editors, and reviewers maintain high standards of ethical publication practices.

1. VIOLATION OF
PUBLICATION ETHICS

2. INTRODUCTION
Publication of articles is a kind of documentation and journals are one of the most
powerful tools for documentation
Publication Ethics - a self-regulatory mechanism insisting on integrity on the part of
authors, peer reviewers and publishers to establish higher standards of editorial
processing for the scholarly journals
 Violation of publication ethics includes duplicate submission, multiple submissions,
plagiarism, gift authorship, fake affiliation, ghost authorship, pressured authorship,
salami publication and fraud

3. Description of hypothesis data & conclusions
NEED TO PUBLISH
Aim was to create public record of original contributions to
knowledge to encourage scientist to speak directly to others
Publications in peer reviewed journals gives national & international
recognition to an author and institutions
Research work has to be published; otherwise, considered not done

4. Violation of
publication
ethics
Data
manipulation
Duplicate
publication
Simultaneous
submission
Plagiarism
Salami
slicing
Guest or gift
author

5. 1. Data manipulation
Publications that report results and draw conclusions from data that are not
generated by the study
Or generated by manipulating the data
 For experienced reviewers & editors can easily find whether the authors
indulged in research fraud by looking the statistics, tables, p values, 95%
confidence intervals etc.

6. 2. Duplicate publication:
Publication of a paper that substantially overlaps with one which is already published,
without clear visible reference to the previous publications.
It is the breach in the copyright law & against the ethical conduct.
3. Simultaneous submission:
 Submitting a manuscript to multiple scientific journals at the same time
 Most journals obtain a declaration from authors that the manuscript is original & is
not being considered for publication by any other scientific journals.
4. Plagiarism:
 Stealing of another person’s words, ideas or results & without citation of reference
source

7. 5. Salami slicing:
Segmental or part publications of result or reanalysis derived from a
single study.
Done to increase number of publications & citations
Considered unethical because for a reader it may cause distortion in the
conclusions drawn
6. Guest or gift author:
 One who did not contribute in a meaningful way to the design,
research, analysis or writing of a paper, but is named as an author.

8. Ethics related organizations & their role:
Give recommendations & develop guidelines to assist authors, editors and
reviewers.
Aim is to create & disseminate accurate, clear, reproducible, unbiased
research papers.
Organizations involved are:
1. International committee of medical journals editors ICMJE)
2. World association of medical editors (WAME)
3. Committee on publication ethics (COPE)

9. Do not fabricate or manipulate the data
Avoid plagiarism & give proper acknowledgment
Jupiter
Declare whether research work has been published or presented before
Saturn
Avoid gift or guest authorship
RESPONSIBILITY OF AUTHOR
Do not submit the manuscript to more than one journals for simultaneous
considerations
Take approval from the institutional ethics committee before
conducting research

10. CONCLUSION
Awareness of good publication practices should be generated among novice
authors to prevent unethical practices in publication of scientific research
Research work represents not only one person but the co authors, funding body
and institutions
If these ethical guidelines are religiously followed by the authors it will
increase in the credibility of publications.

11. Thank you !