Bronchoscopy is a medical procedure using a flexible tube to visualize and examine the airways and can also collect lung secretions and perform biopsies. It helps diagnose various lung diseases and is typically performed by a pulmonologist with patients following specific pre-procedure guidelines. The procedure generally lasts 45-60 minutes, and patients must be monitored afterward for vital signs and recovery from anesthesia.

1. By
SATHISHKUMAR G
(sathishsak111@gmail.com)

2.  BRONCHOSCOPY is a procedure in which a
hollow, flexible tube called a bronchoscope is
inserted into the airways through the nose or
mouth to provide a view of the
TRACHEOBRONCHIAL tree.
 It can also be used to collect bronchial
and/or lung secretions and to perform tissue
biopsy.

3.  The instrument used in BRONCHOSCOPY, a
bronchoscope.
 It is a slender, flexible tube less than 0.5 in
(2.5cm) wide and approximately 2ft (0.3cm)
long that uses FIBEROPTIC technology (very fine
filaments that can bend and carry light)

5.  There are two types of bronchoscope used in
this technique. They are,
.RIGID TUBE
.FIBREOPTIC TUBE

7.  During a BRONCHOSCOPY, the physician can
visually examine the lower airways, including
the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.
 It is used to examine the mucosal surface of
the airways for abnormalities that might be
associated with a variety of lung diseases.
 Its uses may be diagnostic are therapeutic.

9.  BRONCHOSCOPY is usually performed in an
endoscopy room, but may also be performed
at the bedside.
 The patient is placed on his back or sits
upright.
 A pulmonologist, a specialist trained to
perform the procedure, sprays an anesthetic
into the patients mouth or throat.
 Then the bronchoscope is inserted into the
patient’s mouth and passed into the throat.

11.  The patient should fast for 6 to 12 hours
prior to the procedure and refrain from
drinking any liquids the day of the procedure.
 Smoking should be avoided for 24 hours
prior to the procedure
 Patient should also avoid taking any aspirin
or ibuprofen- type medications.

12.  The BRONCHOSCOPY itself takes about 45-60
minutes.
 After the BRONCHOSCOPY, the vital signs
(heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing)
are monitored.
 No food or drink should be consumed for
about 2 hours after the procedure or until the
anesthesia wears off.

13.  Stent therapy
 Laser therapy
 Argon beam coagulation
 BRACHYTHERAPY
 Rigid BRONCOSCOPY

14.  Used to diagnose the disease of the lung,
such as cancer or tuberculosis.
 Congenital deformity of the lungs
 Suspected tumor, obstruction, secretion,
bleeding or foreign body in the airways.
 Airway abnormalities such as tracheal
STENOSES
 Persistent cough, or HEMOPTYSIS, that includes
blood in the sputum

15.  Used to remove a foreign body in the lungs
 To remove excessive secretions

16.  Use of bronchoscope mildly irritates the
lining of the airways.
 It results in some swelling and inflammation,
as well as hoarseness caused from abrading
the vocal cords.

18. 