MANAGEMENT1

1. Levels of Management
This article provides information about the top levels of management! As we have
already learnt that management does not refer to a single individual but it refers to a group of
persons. The level of management determines a chain of command, the amount of authority &
status enjoyed by any managerial position. The levels of management can be classified in three
broad categories.
The Top Level management According to Gaurav Akrani 5/01/2011.consists of the Board
of Directors (BOD) and the Chief Executive Officer (CEO). The Chief Executive Officer is also
called General Manager (GM) or Managing Director (MD) or President. The Board of Directors is
the representatives of the Shareholders, i.e. they are selected by the Shareholders of the
company. Similarly, the Chief Executive Officer is selected by the Board of Directors of an
organization. The main role of the top level management is to determine the objectives,
policies and plans of the organization. They mobilizes (assemble and bring together) available
resources. They require more conceptual skills and less technical Skills. According to Shelley
Frost the top management team of a company controls decision making that affects everyone
from the president down to entry-level employees. Those decisions, along with the way the
management members treat the staff, affect the success of the company. Understanding those
effects helps the management team make changes as necessary to improve the achievement of
the company. I learned that when I am a top level position I will be more productive and I will
do my very best to do my duties and my responsibilities as a leader or being a top.
Middle level management Consist of head of financial departments they are responsible to
top management. They are concerned with organization and direction function of
management. Interpretation of the programs and policies communicate by the top level
management, organizing and manning their departments as per the main plan, plan the
departmental operations, guide direct and motivate their workers to attain the objective, co-
operate and co-ordinate with other departments, evaluate the performance of his
subordinates, collect reports and statics from the lower and send in to top level management.
According to Jennifer Wiley-Cordoned Middle managers are responsible for each of these areas,

2. as well as for specialized units within these functional lines. Middle managers need information
from above to know what the strategy is and information from below to track progress and
current conditions. According to Guo KL, Calderon A2007. It is important to discuss the roles
that middle managers need to bring out the viability and growth of their departments and
organization. These roles include planner, strategic planner, coordinator, leader, problem
solver, and negotiator. To conduct these roles, skills and competencies that are closely linked to
the effective performance of those roles are also described. Skills include human relations,
marketing, and conceptual skills. In this second level makes me think that being in the middle
position is not easy because you have to be more knowledgeable person and every decision
making you have to think strategically for you to reach the satisfaction of the top level.
Lower level management is also known as supervisory management. This level includes
supervisors, foremen, gang boss, accounts officer, sales officer etc. They are more concerned
with direction and control function of management. According to DHANA LAKSHMI Supervisory
management (lower level management) consists of senior supervisor. Supervisor management
is above the operatives but below the middle level management in the organization. The
executives at this level are in direct touch with the rank and file of workers and have to see that
the work is properly carried out. The personnel employed at this level play an important role in
the organization. The effective implementation of the plans and polices, the quality of
workmanship quality of output and overall success of the organization very much depend on
the hard labor, discipline and loyalty of the personnel at this level of management. Further, this
level of management represents the workers before the higher management and the higher
echelons of management to the workers. I have learned that in every position in the business
organization you have to be responsible and hardworking person and learn from them for you
to move forward and reach the organizational goals.

3. Functions of Lower Level Management:
The various functions of supervisor are as follows:
1) To issue orders and instructions to the workers and to supervise and control their work
2) To plan the activities of his section
3) To classify and assign jobs to the workers
4) To direct and guide the workers about work procedure
5) To arrange for the necessary tools, equipment, materials etc., for the workers
6) To arrange for providing on the-job training to the workers.
This case study illustrates that within a business, there are leaders at different levels within the
hierarchy. Depending upon the circumstances, leaders will use different leadership styles. Like
top level, middle level and lower level. Managers at all these levels perform different functions
in their workplace.

4. Robert.D.Galliers, Dorothy.E.Leinder, Strategic Information Management 4thEdition.
Jared Lewis What Are the Three Levels of Hierarchy of Managers
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/three-levels-hierarchy-managers-31468.html?
DHANA LAKSHMI Role and Responsibility of Lower level Management
http://stdymanagement.blogspot.com/2012/09/role-and-responsibility-of-lower-level.html
Shelley Frost the Role of Top Management in Helping a Company Achieve
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/role-top-management-helping-company-achieve-34052.html
Jones, Gareth R., and Jennifer M. George. Contemporary Management. 4th ed. New York, NY:
McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2006.
Read more: http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Log-Mar/Management-
Levels.html#ixzz4SM1ZUhMx
Health Care Manag (Frederick). 2007 Jan-Mar;26(1):74-83.
Roles, skills, and competencies of middle managers in occupational therapy.
Guo KL1
, Calderon A. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17314630