Project ppt bioremediation

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rimsha farooq

bio remediation

Science

Rimsha FarooqSyeda Rehab Gillani
BBS153009BBS153012
Presented to : Dr. Arshia AminButt

INTRODUCTION
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
3
(1)Domestic wastes
(2)Hazardous wastes
(3)Infectious wastes

5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 4
• Syringe plunger, barrel and
cap are made of
polypropylene (PP) or
polyethylene (PE) plastic
materials. These materials
must be at medical grade
because of their medical use.

RADIATION EFFECTS ON SYRINGES
25-40 k gy radiation doses, some changes can occur on the plastic syringe materials
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
5
While cross-linking occurs in PE plastic material, PP is sensitive to discoloration
Melting and crystallization behavior of PP syringes, they applied DSC and obtained the
melting temperature and fusion enthalpy

NATURAL BIODEGRADATION OF
COMMONLY USED SYRINGES
If the syringe is made of polyethylene (PE)
If syringe is made of polypropylene (PP)
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 6

POLYETHYLENE(PE)
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
7

POLYPROPYLENE(PP)
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 8

TPSPP BLENDS
• Pseudo plastic and exhibited shear-thinning behavior, where the viscosity
decreased with increasing shear rate
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
9
• The flow behavior of the blends is more sensitive to temperature
compared with PP

TPSPE BLENDS
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
10

ALTERNATIVE OF PEPP
SYRINGES
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 11

BIODEGRADATION OF POLYCARBONATE
• − (−OC6H4)2C (CH3)2CO−) −n + H2O → (CH3)2C (C6H4OH)2 + CO2
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
12
Surface crystals were formed. Measurements indicated that about 70% by
mass of the surface crystals were bisphenol A (BPA).

PHOTO-OXIDATION OF
POLYCARBONATE
• UV light, oxidation of this polymer yields compounds such as ketones, phenols,
o-phenoxybenzoic acid, benzyl alcohol and other unsaturated compounds
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 13
Pathway A
(OC6H4)2C(CH3CH2)CO + O2, H* → HO(OC6H4)OCO + CH3COCH2(OC6H4)OCO
Pathway B
(OC6H4)2C(CH3CH2)CO)n + O2, H* → OCO(OC6H4)CH2OH + OCO(OC6H4)COCH3

THERMAL DEGRADATION
• About 40–50% liquid, 14–16% gases, while 34–43% remained as solid
residue
• Geotrichum candidum, was found to consume the polycarbonate found in
compact discs (CD)
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
14

COMPOSITION OF PLASTIC
GLOVES
• Each of these categories has multiple subcategories with distinct requirements.
gloves can be made from materials including nylon, ethylene vinyl acetate
(EVA), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyolefin
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 15

DEGRADATION FOR PVC GLOVES
• Thermal and photo degradation of PVC
• Biodegradation by white rot fungi
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
16

ALTERNATIVE TO GLOVES
• Latex Gloves
• Vinyl Golves
• Nitrile Gloves
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 17

DEGRADATION FOR LATEX GLOVES
• Degradation of polymer in the presence of UV light
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
18
• Ozonolysis method showed better reaction
• Sonochemical method using ultrasonic
waves

REFERENCES
• Alshehrei, F. (2017). Biodegradation of Synthetic and Natural Plastic by Microorganisms, 5(1),
8–19. https://doi.org/10.12691/jaem-5-1-2
• Bharadwaj, A., Yadav, D., & Varshney, S. (2015). Non-Biodegradable Waste – Its Impact &
Safe Disposal. International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science, 3,
184–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.1524
• Ibrahim, S., Board, M. R., Othman, N., & Ismail, H. (2016). Degradation of natural rubber
latex, (January).
• Kaseem, M., Hamad, K., & Deri, F. (2012). Thermoplastic Starch Blends : A Review of Recent
Works 1, 54(2), 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0965545X1202006X
• Technologies, L. (n.d.). Leader in syringe technologies.
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 19

THANK YOU 
5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad
20

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The increasing amount of waste material from industry is a about reality that has began the sustainability complications of the environment and ecology of earth surface. The production of fibre within the industry accounts for the worldwide warming by releasing the CO2 and other harmful gases within the atmosphere during its manufacturing. It additionally method waste on the time of producing and the use of at the field. Therefore, formulation of concrete with industrial waste can help in minimizing the environmental and ecological problems. In this look at fibre waste polypropylene fibre become used as an extra cloth of cement concrete. Polypropylene fiber PPF is a artificial hydrocarbon polymer which become introduced to beautify the power of the concrete i.e. compressive and split tensile strength. In this study, we prepared number of specimens by varying percentage of commercial waste polypropylene fiber i. e. 0 , 0.25 , 0.5 , 0.75 and 1.00 . The density of Fibre ferroconcrete FRC was tested immediately after preparing the concrete mix whereas the compressive strength and therefore the split lastingness of the Fibre ferroconcrete FRC were tested after 7 and 28 days of curing. Results indicate that the density of fresh Fibre Reinforced Concrete FRC slightly or negligibly decreases from 2397 kg cm3 to 2393 kg cm3 with the addition of polypropylene fiber. The addition of waste polypropylene fiber increases the strength of Fibre ferroconcrete FRC for all curing ages up to a particular point. After that, there may be an abrupt discount within side the electricity of the Fibre Reinforced Concrete FRC . The addition of 0.5 polypropylene fiber is suggested for the maximum strength with minimum coefficient of brittleness. The addition of 0.5 waste polypropylene fibre increase the compressive strength around 10 and 17 split tensile strength of the Fibre Reinforced Concrete FRC . Dilip Gupta | Dr. Anil Kumar Saxena "An Trial Investigation on Fibre Reinforced Concrete Using Throw Away Polymer Fibre" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46366.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46366/an-trial-investigation-on-fibre-reinforced-concrete-using-throw-away-polymer-fibre/dilip-gupta

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Project ppt bioremediation

1. Rimsha FarooqSyeda Rehab Gillani BBS153009BBS153012 Presented to : Dr. Arshia AminButt

2. CONTENTS 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 2 Introduction Composition of Syringes Radiation effect on Syringes Natural Bio gradation of commonly used Syringes TPSPP Blends Alternatives of Syringes Degradation of Syringes Gloves Chemical composition and DEgradation

3. INTRODUCTION 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 3 (1)Domestic wastes (2)Hazardous wastes (3)Infectious wastes

4. 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 4 • Syringe plunger, barrel and cap are made of polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE) plastic materials. These materials must be at medical grade because of their medical use.

5. RADIATION EFFECTS ON SYRINGES 25-40 k gy radiation doses, some changes can occur on the plastic syringe materials 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 5 While cross-linking occurs in PE plastic material, PP is sensitive to discoloration Melting and crystallization behavior of PP syringes, they applied DSC and obtained the melting temperature and fusion enthalpy

6. NATURAL BIODEGRADATION OF COMMONLY USED SYRINGES If the syringe is made of polyethylene (PE) If syringe is made of polypropylene (PP) 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 6

7. POLYETHYLENE(PE) 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 7

8. POLYPROPYLENE(PP) 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 8

9. TPSPP BLENDS • Pseudo plastic and exhibited shear-thinning behavior, where the viscosity decreased with increasing shear rate 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 9 • The flow behavior of the blends is more sensitive to temperature compared with PP

10. TPSPE BLENDS 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 10

11. ALTERNATIVE OF PEPP SYRINGES 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 11

12. BIODEGRADATION OF POLYCARBONATE • − (−OC6H4)2C (CH3)2CO−) −n + H2O → (CH3)2C (C6H4OH)2 + CO2 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 12 Surface crystals were formed. Measurements indicated that about 70% by mass of the surface crystals were bisphenol A (BPA).

13. PHOTO-OXIDATION OF POLYCARBONATE • UV light, oxidation of this polymer yields compounds such as ketones, phenols, o-phenoxybenzoic acid, benzyl alcohol and other unsaturated compounds 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 13 Pathway A (OC6H4)2C(CH3CH2)CO + O2, H* → HO(OC6H4)OCO + CH3COCH2(OC6H4)OCO Pathway B (OC6H4)2C(CH3CH2)CO)n + O2, H* → OCO(OC6H4)CH2OH + OCO(OC6H4)COCH3

14. THERMAL DEGRADATION • About 40–50% liquid, 14–16% gases, while 34–43% remained as solid residue • Geotrichum candidum, was found to consume the polycarbonate found in compact discs (CD) 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 14

15. COMPOSITION OF PLASTIC GLOVES • Each of these categories has multiple subcategories with distinct requirements. gloves can be made from materials including nylon, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyolefin 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 15

16. DEGRADATION FOR PVC GLOVES • Thermal and photo degradation of PVC • Biodegradation by white rot fungi 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 16

17. ALTERNATIVE TO GLOVES • Latex Gloves • Vinyl Golves • Nitrile Gloves 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 17

18. DEGRADATION FOR LATEX GLOVES • Degradation of polymer in the presence of UV light 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 18 • Ozonolysis method showed better reaction • Sonochemical method using ultrasonic waves

19. REFERENCES • Alshehrei, F. (2017). Biodegradation of Synthetic and Natural Plastic by Microorganisms, 5(1), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.12691/jaem-5-1-2 • Bharadwaj, A., Yadav, D., & Varshney, S. (2015). Non-Biodegradable Waste – Its Impact & Safe Disposal. International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science, 3, 184–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.1524 • Ibrahim, S., Board, M. R., Othman, N., & Ismail, H. (2016). Degradation of natural rubber latex, (January). • Kaseem, M., Hamad, K., & Deri, F. (2012). Thermoplastic Starch Blends : A Review of Recent Works 1, 54(2), 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0965545X1202006X • Technologies, L. (n.d.). Leader in syringe technologies. 5/7/2020 10:49:39 AM Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 19

20. THANK YOU  5/7/2020 10:49:39 AMCapital University of Science and Technology Islamabad 20

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