Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. The modern study of angiogenesis began with Judah Folkman's work in the 1970s showing that tumor growth depends on angiogenesis. There are two main types of angiogenesis: sprouting, which occurs in hypoxic tissues, and intussusceptive, which involves the splitting of existing blood vessels. Angiogenesis involves multiple steps and is important in cancer, as tumors secrete growth factors to induce blood vessel formation for their supply and metastasis. Ongoing research focuses on angiogenesis inhibitors that block steps in this process as a potential cancer treatment.

2. RIMSHA FAROOQ (BBS153009)
Course Instructor : DR. SHAUKAT IQBAL

4. Contents
• Definition
• History
• Origin of blood vessels
• Types of angiogenesis
• Steps in angiogenesis
• Application in medicine
• Angiogenesis inhibitor work
• Ongoing research on angiogenesis
• References

5. Definition
 Angiogenesis is the physiological process through
which new blood vessels form from pre-existing
vessels.

6. History
 Scottish anatomist and surgeon John Hunter
 The modern history of angiogenesis began with the
work of Judah Folkman, who hypothesized (and
published in 1971) that tumor growth is
angiogenesis-dependent.

7. Origin of Blood Vessels
 Vasculogenesis is the de novo formation of blood
vessels from angioblasts.
 interactions directed spatially and temporally by
growth factors and morphogens

8. Types of Angiogenesis
 Sprouting Angiogenesis
 Intussusceptive Angiogenesis

9. Sprouting Angiogenesis
 Sprouting angiogenesis is initiated in poorly
perfused tissues when oxygen sensing mechanisms
detect a level of hypoxia that demands the formation
of new blood vessels to satisfy the metabolic
requirements of parenchymal cells.

10. Intussusceptive Angiogenesis
• Intussusceptive angiogenesis is also called
splitting angiogenesis because the vessel wall
extends into the lumen causing a single vessel to
split in two.

11. Steps of Angiogenesis

12. Application in Medicine
• Angiogenesis as a therapeutic target
• Tumor angiogenesis
• Formation of tumor blood vessels

13. Angiogenesis as a Therapeutic Target
• Angiogenesis may be a target for combating diseases
characterized by either poor vascularization or
abnormal vasculature

14. Tumor Angiogenesis
 Tumors induce blood vessel growth (angiogenesis)
by secreting various growth factors (e.g. VEGF).

15. Formation of Tumor Blood Vessels
Angiogenesis research is a cutting-edge field in
cancer research, and recent evidence also suggests
traditional therapies, such as radiation therapy, may
actually work in part by targeting the genomically
stable endothelial cell compartment, rather than the
genomically unstable tumor cell compartment.

16. Angiogenesis Importance in
Cancer
 Because tumors cannot grow beyond a certain size
or spread without a blood supply, scientists are
trying to find ways to block tumor angiogenesis

18. Angiogenesis Inhibitors Work
 Angiogenesis inhibitors interfere with various steps
in this process. For example, bevacizumab is a
monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes
and binds to VEGF. When VEGF is attached to
bevacizumab, it is unable to activate the VEGF
receptor

19. Ongoing Research on
Angiogenesis Inhibitors
 If the angiogenesis inhibitors prove to be both safe
and effective in treating human cancer, they may be
approved by the FDA and made available for
widespread use.

20. References
• Retrieved from: https://www.cancer.gov/about-
cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy/angiogenesis-inhibitors-
fact-sheet
• Retrieved from: http://www.angioworld.com/angiogenesis.htm
• Retrieved from: www.cancer.gov/.../ANGIOGEN.PDF
• Retrieved from: https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-
Angiogenesis.aspx
• Retrieved from: http://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-
care/how-cancer-treated/personalized-and-targeted-
therapies/angiogenesis-and-angiogenesis-inhibitors-treat-cancer
• Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53238/