Statistic Manager

statistic manager
6.14 Show that for a sample of n = 39, the smallest and largest Z values are – 1.96 and + 1.96, and the middle (i.e., 20th) Z value is 0.00.
6.19 The data in the file spending represent the per–capita spending, in thousands of dollars, for each state in 2004. Decide whether the data appear to
be approximately normally distributed by
A. Comparing data characteristics to theoretical properties.
B. Constructing a normal probability plot.
7.1. For a population containing N=902 individuals what code number would you assign for
(a)The first person on the list?
(b) The fortieth person on the list?
© The last person on the list?
.7.8.Prenumbered sales invoices are kept in a sales journal.The invoices are numbered from 0001 to 5000.
(a)beginning in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
8.44.In 2005,34% of workers reported that their jobs were more difficult,with more stress,and 37% reported that they worry about retiring
comfortably.consider a follow–up study to be conducted in the near future.
(a)What sample size is needed to estimate the population proportion of workers who reported that their jobs were more stress,to within +/– 0.02 with
95% confidence?
(b)How many workers need to be sampled in order to estimate the population proportion of workers who worried about retiring comfortably to within +
/– 0.02 with 95% confidence?
(c )compare the results of(a) and (b).Explain why these results differ.
(d)If you were to design the follow–up study,would you use one sample and ask the respondents both questions,or would you select two separate
samples?Explain the rationale behind your decision.
9.1.For Ho:u=100,H1:u not equal 100,and for a sample of size n,why beta larger if the actual value of u(mean)is 90 than if the actual value of u is 75?
9.2.If you use a 0.05 level of significance in a(two–tail)hypothesis test,what will you decide if Zstat=+2.21?
9.3.If you use a 0.01 level of significance in a(two–tail)hypothesis test,what is your decision rule for rejecting a null hypothesis that the population
mean is 500 if you see the Z test?
9.11.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA) is responsible for approving new drugs.Many consumer groups feel that the approval process is too
easy and,therefore,too many drugs are approved that

... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Statistics: Marketing Procedure
Statistics can bРµ dРµscribРµd as sciРµncРµ involvРµd in thРµ application of quantitativРµ principlРµs to thРµ collРµction, dРµscription,
intРµrprРµtation, and prРµsРµntation of numРµrical data, as wРµll as thРµ mРµaning of collРµctРµd data within thРµ rРµalm of businРµss, and is
also commonly used for marketing procedures. Statistics is basically a set of tools that allow us to get information out of data sets (we will get to the
more formal definition below). (Talton 2017, lecture notes week 1 para 1) Statistics generally deals with thРµ main businРµss РµlРµmРµnts and
thРµ planning procРµss of thРµ data that havРµ bРµРµn collРµctРµd through thРµ dРµvРµlopmРµnt of survРµys as wРµll as additional tРµsts
(McClave, Dietrich & Sincich, 2007). Next, "we can define statistics as "the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A scale with a meaningful 0, such as length, has equal ratios – the ratio of 4 feet to 2 feet has the same value as that of 8 feet to 4 feet – both are 2.
This cannot be said of temperatures, for example (Tanner & Youssef–Morgan, 2013). These are often recalled by the acronym NOIR." (Talton 2017,
Lecture notes week 1 p.3)
Statistics is rРµgularly usРµd for purposРµs of prРµdiction. PrРµdiction is cРµntРµrРµd on thРµ concРµpt of gРµnРµralizability: if sufficiРµnt data
is collРµctРµd about a cРµrtain situation, thРµ pattРµrns shown through an invРµstigation of thРµ data gathРµrРµd about that situation can bРµ
prРµdictРµd to happРµn in similar situations. ThРµ prРµdiction of what will happРµn in a similar situation is probabilistic. Which mРµans thРµ
rРµsРµarchРµr is not cРµrtain that thРµ samРµ things will happРµn in othРµr situations; but, thРµ rРµsРµarchРµr can rРµalistically РµxpРµct that
thРµ samРµ things will happРµn.
RolРµ of Statistics plays in our lives
Statistics sРµrvРµ an important purposРµ on thРµ dРµcision–making procРµdurРµ procРµss of a company or companiРµs. This is important to
businРµssРµs bРµcausРµ thРµ statistics analyzРµd propРµrly will providРµ a РµstablishРµd markРµt analysis as wРµll as rРµsРµarch of
compРµtitors in thРµ markРµt. AccuratРµ rРµsults from thРµ statistical analysis arРµ important bРµcausРµ businРµssРµs nРµРµd accuratРµ
rРµsults in ordРµr to propРµrly prРµparРµ thРµ company for currРµnt and futurРµ plans basРµd on thРµ information bРµing

Driving Statistics Analysis
Month fixed effects No Yes Yes Yes Zip code fixed effects No No Yes Yes Demographic controls No No No Yes Weather controls No No No Yes Air
quality No No No Yes Day–of–week fixed effects No No No Yes Observations 367,675 367,675 367,675 271,696 Standard errors clustered by county
are shown in parentheses *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1 In each column, the dependent variable is a binary variable which takes a value of 1 if a
member of a household that owns both a car and a truck, van or SUV takes a trip in one of the household's cars and 0 if a member of that type of
household takes a trip in a van, truck, or SUV. 23 6.2 Number of trips The previous section analysed vehicle choice, which represents the intensive
margin of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The unit of analysis is an individual instead of a trip. The coefficient is insignificant, suggesting that individuals do not choose to avoid driving trips
altogether after reading environmental coverage. In many cases, there are not adequate substitutes for driving. For example, if a household is located
in a rural or suburban area, many or all of the potential destina– tions for day–to–day travel may be inaccessible without driving. Even in urban areas
options such as walking or public transit may be unappealing if the weather is partic– 24 ularly unpleasant. In column (2) of Table 5, I focus on
households that have readier substitutes for driving – those who live in urban areas on days when the temperature is between 50В°F and 85В°F
(10В°C and 30В°C). The results show that individuals in these households do indeed drive less. For every environmental articles they receive in the
past week they reduce the number of driving trips per day by approximately 0.14. Column (4) shows that environmental coverage increases the number
of walking trips on these days by 0.10, suggesting that much of this is substitution towards walking. Individuals are not choosing to avoid trips
because of environmental coverage, but are switching to low or no emissions modes of travel if those modes are reasonable substitutes. The results in
Tables 2, 4, and 5 paint a consistent picture. If an individual is treated with more environmental coverage of climate change will

The Fundamental Concepts Of Statistics
Question 5
This paper will provide a sample of the fundamental concepts in statistics. During research there is usually variance between individuals within a group
or between different groups. During hypothesis testing the researcher wants to know if the sample of data collected is truly representative of the entire
population.
Null hypothesis testing is concerned with the correlation or differences in means (continuous data) between groups. The null hypothesis works on the
premise that there is no difference between two groups such as males and females who respond to a set of items (independent sample T–test). The null
hypothesis can also be described as the hypothesized mean being equal to the population mean. So the null hypothesis is ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Whereas, if I fail to reject the null, because I believe the groups are the same when, in fact, they are different this is a type 2 error. In its simplest
terms, Type I error is the incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis, whereas Type II is the incorrect acceptance of the null hypothesis.
Related to hypothesis testing is the Significance level or cut off point (alpha). The P or the probability value is one of the indicators that can be
used to test the null hypothesis. Usually a significance level = .05 (95% confidence interval) or lower is the accepted rule for rejecting the null
hypothesis. This means that we will accept up to 5% of type 1 error. Also, P < 0.01 sometimes is referred to as statistically highly significant. If the p
value is < .05, then we would reject the null hypothesis. Visually, on a bell curve (two–tailed test) this can be presented as the critical region or how far
our sample statistic is from the null hypothesis. In relation to P values there is the confidence interval (or bound). A 0.05 level of significance would
be centered on a 95% confidence interval. If our given value sits outside the bound we would reject the null. However, if our value sits within the
interval we would not reject the null hypothesis.
Another concern during research is the issue of sampling error due to only a portion of the population being used during a study. Even when bias is
reduced by random sampling the

The And Methods Of Statistics
Realistically, the reason people go into business is to make money. The owners of companies task their managers with the responsibility to ensure that
the bottom line is profit. A profitable business typically benefits everyone from employees and management to business owners, but most importantly
the consumers that make profit possible. There are countless ways that the collection and methods of statistics are used in everyday business practices;
this paper will highlight some of the most common methods of statistics and explain how, through a variety of applications and tests, statistics can
enhance the production, management, consumer satisfaction, and ultimately the profit of a business.
The programs used to gather and process a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Typically, the accountant has a database that allows inserted data to yield statistical charts, graphs, and other information with monetary trends of the
company. This collection of data also allows owners to solve various problems and improve processes within the company.
Data collected can be used for innumerable purposes. For instance, some owners utilize statistical datum to forecast which of its customers is likely
to cancel or reorder services provided. Data can also be used for an owner to "predict, a number of months in advance, when business will pick up or
recede" (Croxton and Cowden 805). The statistical method of Chi–square tests can be analyzed using the formula
X2=ОЈ (observed value–expected value) 2/expected value. This test, among others, may be helpful to determine the types of or regions for sales and
predict decreases and increases in future business. When using this test, careful data analysis must be used and one must ensure the sample size is large
enough to provide accuracy. Employing the use this statistical methods test can help management determine the trends of desired information.
Have you ever thought about how retail stores determine when to hire and get rid of holiday help? One way to determine how much help is needed
to support a peak in sales is the use of a scatter plot diagram. Scatter plot diagrams are typically several sets of data plotted on a graph to represent
correlation; they are very helpful for statistical measuring. Companies

What Are The Grants For Statistics
1.What are the grants for statistics calculations in 2015
Statistical research is wide and you can find a high–level overview of interests. You want to make sense of data around you and know how and when
to use all this techniques and formulas of statistics. You have to remember that statistical research is worth doing for reaching personal goals and
receiving grants. You can receive an opportunity for statistical research scholarship or thanks to statistical scholarships job offer you were waiting for.
Below you can find a list of possible grants you can get for statistics scholarship:
HORIZON 2020The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation
Wellcome Trust– a global charitable foundation dedicated to improving health by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
MSc Medical Statistics Scholarship Fund: For Students From Special Circumstance Countries. (356 words)
When you 're trying to find a reasonable answer to a question, which is almost not exist or when you know that answer is probably not so reasonable
as you would wish that you can think about Statistical research. (39 words)
2.What is the easiest software to make calculations in To do statistical analysis, you need to use the appropriate software. It has to be special software
for managing data and calculating a wide variety of statistics.
The best choice will be one of the software listed below:
пѓ SPSS
пѓ Stata
пѓ SAS
пѓ R
пѓ Statistica
пѓ Minitab
пѓ Excel
Here is a description of the most common software for statistics calculations and links to tutorials on how to use this software.
пѓјSPSS Statistics "is a software package used for statistical analysis The versions are officially named IBM SPSS Statistics. Companion products in
the same family are used for survey authoring and deployment, data mining text analytics, and collaboration and deployment. The software name stands

for Statistical Package (spss data) for the

Inferential Statistics in Business
In today's world, we are faced with situations everyday where Statistics can be applied. In general, Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, and
analyzing numerical data. The techniques involved in Statistics are important for the work of many professions, thus the proper preparation and
theoretical background of Statistics is valuable for many successful career paths. Marketing campaigns, the realm of gambling, professional sports, the
world of business and economics, the political domain, education, and forecasting future occurrences are all areas which fundamentally rely on the use
of Statistics. Statistics is a broad subject that branches off into several categories. In particular, Inferential Statistics contains two ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The distribution of the test statistic under the null–hypothesis is derived from the assumptions identified previously. Common test statistics may follow
the following distributions: Normal, Student T, and Chi–Square. This distribution separates the possible values of the estimator into two categories:
values for which the null–hypothesis is accepted or rejected. The region for which we accept the null–hypothesis is called the critical region and the
area underneath the curve that corresponds to the critical region is known as the level of confidence. Hence, we can develop a confidence interval for
which we can see the lowest and highest point of the critical region. Any observed sample mean that lies outside of this confidence interval (outside the
critical region) would cause us to reject the null–hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis. The area of the rejection region is known as the
level of significance and represents type I error (alpha) corresponding to the probability that a true null–hypothesis is rejected (as opposed to type II
error– beta; the probability of accepting a false null–hypothesis). Essentially, hypothesis testing calls for comparing a test statistic to the critical value of
the test statistic. If this test statistic is greater than the critical value of the test statistic, we will reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative
hypothesis. If

Statistics Exericse 29
EXERCISE 29 t–TEST FOR INDEPENDENT GROUPS I STATISTICAL TECHNIQUE IN REVIEW The t
–test is a parametric analysis technique
used to determine significant differences between the scores obtained from two groups. The t–test uses the standard deviation to estimate the standard
error of the sampling distribution and examines the differences between the means of the two groups. Since the t–test is considered fairly easy to
calculate, researchers often use it in determining differences between two groups. When interpreting the results of t–tests, the larger the calculated t
ratio, in absolute value, the greater the difference between the two groups. The significance of a t ratio can be determined by comparison with the
critical values in a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, the researchers conducted a chart review of each participant 's medical record. In this study the results showed that "compared with
men, women used more evasive and supportive coping and rated psychologic aspects of the heart disease as more problematic to manage. More
women perceived available support from friends and grandchildren, and more men perceived available support from their partner. Women rated
lower levels in physical and psychologic dimensions of quality of life" (Kristofferzon et al., 2005, p. 39). Relevant Study Results "A consecutive
series of patients was selected from the medical records in 1 hospital between August 1999 and July 2001 for women and between August 1999 and
August 2000 for men. With regard to a lower incidence rate of MI in women, a longer selection period was needed for them.... We decided to include
100 women and 100 men to have a comfortable margin for dropouts. "An introductory letter, informed consent form, and questionnaires were mailed to
eligible subjects 1 month after an acute MI. After 1 week, the first author phoned the patients. Those interested in participating returned the signed
consent form and the completed questionnaires to the investigator within 1 to 2 weeks. The same questionnaires were mailed to

Statistics Cheat Sheet
What proportion of a normal distribution is located in the tail beyond z = +2.00?
0.0228
What proportion of a normal distribution is located between the mean and z = 1.40?
0.4192
The Z–score corresponding to the 52nd percentile is
.05
A normally distributed variable has a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 2. The probability that a value between 7 and 9 is obtained is
.2417
An accelerated life test on a large number of type–D alkaline batteries revealed that the mean life for a particular use before they failed is 19.0 hours.
The distribution of the lives approximated a normal distribution. The standard deviation was 1.2 hours. About 95.44% of the batteries failed between
what two values?
16.6 & 21.4
The average time students need ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
n = 100 with s^2 = 100
I other factors are held constant, which set of characteristics is most likely to produce a significant t statistic? n = 50 with s^2 = 50
If other factors are held constant, what is the effect of increasing the sample size?
It will decrease the estimated standard error and increase the likelihood of rejecting H0
A researcher conducts a one–sample hypothesis test using a sample of n = 40 from an unknown population. What is the df value for the t statistic?
39
With О±= 0.05, what is the critical t value for a one–tailed test with n = 15? t = 1.761 With О±= 0.05 and df = 20, the critical values for a two–tailed t
test are t = +–2.086. Assuming all other factors are held constant, if the df value were decreased to df = 10, what would happen to the critical values
for t?
They would increase (move farther from zero).
A sample of n = 4 scores is selected from a population with an unknown mean. The sample has a mean of M = 40 and a variance of s2= 16. Which of
the following is the correct 90% confidence interval for Ој? Ој= 40 +–2.353(2)
When is it appropriate to use the two sample, pooled variance t–test? When
2 independent samples are compared.

Which of the following accurately describes an independent–measures study?
It uses a different group of participants for each of the treatment conditions being compared.
Which of the following is the correct null hypothesis for an independent–measures t test?
Mu1–Mu2 = 0 Accounting procedures allow a

History of Statistics
Palban, Marvic Trisha V. Palban
BSMA – 2
HISTORY OF STATISTICS
The history of statistics can be said to start around 1749 although, over time, there have been changes to the interpretation of the word statistics. By the
18th century, the term "statistics" designated the systematic collection ofdemographic and economic data by states. In the early 19th century, the
meaning of "statistics" broadened to include the discipline concerned with the collection, summary, and analysis of data. Today statistics is widely
employed in government, business, and all the sciences. Electronic computers have expedited statistical computation, and have allowed statisticians to
develop "computer–intensive" methods. The Word statistics have been... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
* Environmental statistics is the application of statistical methods to environmental science. Weather, climate, air and water quality are included, as are
studies of plant and animal populations. * Epidemiology is the study of factors affecting the health and illness of populations, and serves as the
foundation and logic of interventions made in the interest of public health and preventive medicine. * Geostatistics is a branch of geography that deals
with the analysis of data from disciplines such as petroleum geology,hydrogeology, hydrology, meteorology, oceanography, geochemistry, geography. *
Operations research (or Operational Research) is an interdisciplinary branch of applied mathematics and formal science that uses methods such as
mathematical modeling, statistics, and algorithms to arrive at optimal or near optimal solutions to complex problems. * Population ecology is a
sub–field of ecology that deals with the dynamics of species populations and how these populations interact with the environment. * Psychometrics is
the theory and technique of educational and psychological measurement of knowledge, abilities, attitudes, and personality traits. * Quality control
reviews the factors involved in manufacturing and production; it can make use of statistical sampling of product items to aid decisions in process

Descriptive Statistics Essay
Introduction to descriptive statistics help:
Definition of Statistics:
In simple terms, statistics is termed as a branch of mathematics which basically deals with collection of data and its subsequent analysis and
interpretation both qualitatively and quantitatively. In most of the cases the data is numerical, but there are also cases when the data is non–numerical
such as relationship between objects.
Without statistics, it would be difficult to maintain anything numerical in nature and extremely difficult to go through the daily routines of life.
Imagine watching a baseball match or basket match without knowing the score of each team or imagine going to a super mart trying to find the latest
manufactured milk product without having the manufactured date printed on the milk product carton.
The person who is well versed in statistics is called a statistician and is supposed to have a good knowledge and understanding of the ways to collect
data, maintain data, interpret/analyse data and finally present the data.
Help on Overview of Descriptive Statistics
Types of statistics:
There are many kinds of statistics being used out of which the most commonly used one is descriptive statistics which can be further sub–classified as
numerical descriptive statistics and pictorial descriptive statistics.
Other forms of statistics are inferential statistics, psychological statistics, business statistics and so on.
Examples of Statistics
Numerical

1. Frequency distribution to

Essay on Statistics Midterm
MM207 Statistics
Unit IV Mid Term Project
1. In the following situation identify the implied population.
A recent report on the weekly news presented the findings of a study on the effectiveness of Onglyza, along with diet and exercise, for treating diabetes.
According to Bennett (2009), a population is defined as "the complete set of people or things being studied" in a statistical study. Given that the
information is in relation to finding the success of a drug used to care for diabetes, the population would be individuals who experience diabetes.
Therefore, the implied population is the entire individual's who diabetics are. Individuals who are diabetics are those who were used to test the
effectiveness of Onglyza, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I say the political philosophy because it can be structured as open–minded, reasonable, traditional, or other levels of order.
7. What is the approximate percentage of students represented in the data set who are between the ages of 29 and 45 inclusive?
Well I hope I am on the right track as far as this goes...I am giving it my best. There is a total of 163 people ranging between the age of 21 to 65 so
what I did in order to calculate how many individuals there are between the ages of 29 and 45 was I created a frequency chart for the total number
of individuals. So for 163 people between ages 21 to 65 = 100% and of the 100% of I calculated that there were 88 students that represented between
the ages 29 to 45 = 54%. How I came to my conclusion was by using Stat Crunch by first going to summary states then I chose "How Old" which gave
me the total represented of 163. Then in Stat Crunch I created a frequency table and just counted up the total number of students that responded there
age "between" 29–45. Then after I calculated and got my number of 88 I divided that number by the total number of 163 which was 0.539877301 and
I just rounded it off to 54%.
8. Assume that you are preparing a report on MM207 statistics students at Kaplan University to present to the Kaplan Board of Trustees. Prepare an
appropriate graphical representation for each of the following variables.

a) The different majors of students taking

Statistics 101
1.Determine whether the evaluated group is a population or a sample
A.Based on a randomly selected group of 500 patients with high cholesterol, it was found that 67% have heart disease. Is this a population or a sample;
explain your answer.
Answer: The evaluated group of 500 patients within this study is considered to be a sample. The 500 patients whom possess high cholesterol are
comprised of the larger group of patients of which serve holistically as the population. The 500 patients randomly selected from the total population
with high cholesterol of which 67% were found with heart disease constitute as the sample.
B.An investigation of 150 randomly selected local restaurants concluded that 42% of local restaurants have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Of this research the researcher discovered that a particular percentage of the building possessed ventilation complications.
B.After taking the first exam, 15 of the students dropped the class. Is this a statistic or a parameter; explain your answer.
Answer: Sample statistics are understood as numerical ascriptions given towards a sample of which is determined by the consolidation or summarizing
of collected data within research (Bennett, Briggs, & Triola, 2014). This definitional explanation shares that the given example is that of a sample
statistic. The example provides no understanding of a viable population of which has been studied or the total numerical identification of the complete
student population of which participated within the exam. Rather it only shares that 15 students, after participating within the first exam, dropped the
course.
3.Identify the type of sampling used.
A.A tax auditor selects every 1000th income tax return that is received. What type of sample is this and why?
Answer: The example displays that of systematic sampling. This conclusive answer developed from the tax auditor's desire to select a random
selection of every 1000th income tax return.
B.The name of each contestant is written on a separate card, and the cards are placed in a bag with three names being picked from the bag. What type
of sample is this and

Ap Statistics Position
I am interested in the position of statistical analyst because I love statistics. Furthermore, I am very organized which I believe is an important skill in
every position, . I took AP Statistics last year, so I understand all the computations that need to be made, and I have all the necessary software to create
graphs and other visual aids. Because I have taken statistics, I understand how to make more advanced calculations, so I believe that I am best suited
for this position. When I took AP Statistics, it was my best class, and it is a subject that I enjoy very much. I think it is important that the position I fill
is one that I enjoy because then I will put the maximum amount of effort into my role. I had to do many projects for my AP Statistics

Suicide Survey Statistics
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa, Florida April, 2018 APPROVED:
_____________________________________ Project Supervisor Name & Degrees Date TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables and Figuresii
Abstractiii Introduction1 Background and Rationale2 Methods5 Results8 Discussion and Conclusion11 Literature Cited13 LIST OF TABLES AND
FIGURES Figure 1. Null and alternative hypotheses for chi–square tests of independence and z–test of two proportions for suicide death data in Idaho
and the USA 2000–20157 Table 1: Data on suicide exposure variables, by case/control status, and odds ratios for suicide deaths in Idaho 2000–20158
Table 2: Chi–square test... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
rurality and social fragmentation), distal individual–level factors (e.g. family history and personality traits), and proximal individual–level factors (e.g.
psychosis and substance intoxication).12 Social support networks, strong reasons for living, and effective problem–solving skills are protective factors
as well.12 A study analyzed the relationship of race and states with higher levels of social capital and concluded that white men and women in states
with higher levels of social capital had significantly lower suicide rates when controlling for other influential factors (e.g. gun ownership and population

Math Statistics Essay
In this mathematical circumstance, it is appropriate to use the Normal Model with this data distribution because of how roughly symmetric and
unimodal. The summary statistics for the OB Math SAT scores are as follow: the number of values is 287, the mean of the data is 553.62369, the
standard deviation is of approximately 65.984512, the median of the data is 540, the range of the data is 390, the minimum value is 360, the maximum
value is 750, the first quartile of the data is 510, and the second quartile of the data is 590. To calculate the percent of students that had an SAT math
score higher than 560, I used the z–score formula which is z–score= raw score– mean/ standard deviation and plugged the values for each variable. After
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After solving for the variable and then plugged in the values and I got raw score= 0.8416 (65.984512) + 553.62369 which gave us a raw score of
609 rounded to the nearest integer. To be in the top 5% of the class a student would need to have a SAT score of around 662. I have come to that
conclusion by simply converting 5 into a decimal number (5/100) and then plugging that decimal number (0.05) into invNorm in the calculator which
gave us invNorm (0.05, 0, 1) = –1.6448. I then changed the number into a positive value to calculate the top 5%, and then plugged it into our raw
score formula that we solved earlier and got raw score= 1.6448 (65.984512) + 553.62369 which gave us a raw score of 662 rounded to the nearest
integer. To calculate the z–score at the 25th percentile of the model I converted 25 into a decimal number (25/100) and then plugged that decimal
number (0.25) into invNorm in the calculator which gave us invNorm (0.25, 0, 1) = –0.6744. Then to calculate the raw score at the 25th percentile I
plugged the z–score –0.6744 into the raw score formula we solved earlier and got raw score= –0.6744 (65.984512) + 553.62369 which gave us a raw
data value of 509 rounded to the nearest integer. The z–score and raw data value at 75th percentile of the model is 0.6744 and 598. To calculate the
z–score at the 75th percentile of the model I converted 75 into a decimal (75/100) and then plugged that decimal number (0.75) into

Statistics Cheat Sheet
Statistics Cheat Sheet Proportion = Frequency x 100 = Percentage Total No | Z score (standardised value)–how many sds from the mean the value
liesZ score = data value – mean Standard deviation | Metric Data = ExploreCategory = Frequencies| Bigger sample size will give a narrower
confidence interval range (more specific) outliers affect the mean but not the median – this is why the median is preferred here.mean| | Reports –Only
give confidence interval if significant–All values to 2 dec pts except the p–value Experimental = IV is manipulated to see the effect on the DV
Observational = Information just observed & recorded| P–Value Significant Figurep–value < 0.05 =... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The 95% confidence interval indicates that since 1995 the average age of tourists has increased between 0.85 and 4.69 years. As expected, the age of
tourists in Katatonia has increased since 1995. In a random sample of 250 tourists in Katatonia, the average age was 41.43 years (s = 15.93 years).
This is lower than the average age of 45 years recorded in 1995, and a one–sample t–test shows that this difference in mean age is significant, t(249) =
3.55, p < .001. The 95% confidence interval indicates that since 1995 the average age of tourists has decreased by between 1.59 and 5.56 years.
Contrary to expectations, the age of tourists in Katatonia has decreased since 1995. In a random sample of 250 tourists in Katatonia, the average age
was 44.84 years (s = 9.96 years). While this is lower than the average age of 45 years recorded in 1995, a one–sample t–test shows that this difference
in mean age is not significant, t(249) = 0.25, p = .805. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the age of tourists in Katatonia has increased
since 1995. Binomial test Report Writing A study was conducted to explore whether the percentage of Australians using a computer at home has
increased since the census in 2001. In a random sample of 100 adult Australians, 54% had used a computer at home in the previous week. This is higher
than the percentage of Australians who reported using a computer at home in the

Descriptive Statistics
Unit 2 – Probability and Distributions
Iesha Babers
American InterContinental University
Abstract
Many occasions can't be predicted with absolute certainty and the best way to say how likely something will happen is to use probability. When you
have a set of data that is well defined and random probabilities can be used to describe statistical numbers of outcomes divided by the number of all the
outcomes.
Memo
To: Head of American Intellectual Union
From: Iesha Babers
Date: 04–06–14
Subject: AIU Percentages
Dear: Head of American Intellectual Union: It has been a joy to do some research on AIU below you see the percentage ofmale and females that are
with in AIU, the tenure these employees have been with the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
AIU can use this information to determine if they need to hire other age groups, if they need make changes, so more employees can be satisfied with
their job, if changes need to be made in a certain department, or how many of their employees are on salary.
|Classification |Count |Probability |
|Probability that an individual will be between |39 |34.45% |
|16–21 years of age | | |
|Probability that an

The Assumption Of Data Statistics
Introduction
Assumption/Hypothesis
Confirm a common assumption about data statistics: data statistics is accurate in calculation but can be misleading in interpretation and decision
making.
Background
"There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics." This quotation is often attributed to Benjamin Disraeli, the 19th century British Prime
Minister. In research study,Statistics allow us to distill a large number of experiences down to a few simple truths. But the truths may not be important,
or they may be misleading and imply that something is true that isn 't, or that something is important when it is not. Bad point about statistics is that
that it tells you the conclusion without knowing the reasons behind it. Why? Because Statistics are numbers, and numbers cannot provide a complete
picture of anything. They are an abstraction of reality and, because of this, they are not the reality itself. No amount of measurement and quantification
can capture any real thing to any significant degree. So people often forget this simple fact and begin to think of customers and employees as revenue
or cost sources, complaints, or something other than the complete human beings that they are. In this sense, anything that uses numbers represents a
potential barrier to understanding the reality being studied. Of course, absent context, numbers only tell the story the writer wants them to tell. If you
don't put a number in context, it is a nugget of information that means

What Is Statistics?
Foundational Knowledge: At the beginning of the semester, I had some basic knowledge about statistics. I knew about bell curves, means and
standard deviations. I did not know what a confidence interval or what a standard error of measurement was. Now many months later, I know that
the standard error of measurement estimates how someone's score will change over time. This is due to the fact that a person will probably not get
the same score every time they retake a test. I also learned that the standard error of measurement is used to come up with a confidence interval. This
is the range plus or minus of a number and somewhere in this range is person's true score. I learned this information from lectures and from hands–on
experiences during... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Human Dimension: Before this class, I was not confident about using assessment to make decisions about a person's education. Now, I am more
confident. After practicing how to administrator and score assessments, I understand what the scores mean and how they can be used to determine
eligibility for a student. Scoring each of the labs allowed me to see where the standard scores fell on a bell curve and how the standard deviations
matter. I feel as though I could use more practice by administering an assessment to an elementary student. Administering an assessment to a peer is
very different than working with a student one on one, while trying to record everything and not mess up. I do feel as though I have gained more
experience and am looking forward to administering an assessment to a student.
Caring: Before this semester, I valued the importance of being accurate in administering, scoring and interpreting assessment instruments. Now after
the semester, I value the importance even more than before. It is incredibly important to be accurate because a student's future depends on it. Taking
the time to slowly score and double check the score is necessary. If an assessment is scored incorrectly than a student could miss out on receiving
services they need or receive services that they do not need. When I realized my group got two scores out of three wrong for Lab 4, which resulted in
more scores being scored incorrectly, I had to check the manual to see

What Are The Grants For Statistics
1.What are the grants for statistics calculations in 2015
Statistical research is wide and you can find a high–level overview of interests. You want to make sense of data around you and know how and when
to use all this techniques and formulas of statistics. You have to remember that statistical research is worth doing for reaching personal goals and
receiving grants. You can receive an opportunity for statistical research scholarship or thanks to statistical scholarships job offer you were waiting for.
Below you can find a list of possible grants you can get for statistics scholarship. All the information is coming from website as HORIZON 2020 ,
Wellcome Trust , ERC, ASA Fellowships and Grants , Medical Statistics Scholarship.
пѓј ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(375 words)
When you 're trying to find a reasonable answer to a question, which is almost not exist or when you know that answer is probably not so reasonable
as you would wish that you can think about Statistical research. (39 words)
2.What is the easiest software to make calculations in To do statistical analysis, you need to use the appropriate software. It has to be special software
for managing data and calculating a wide variety of statistics.
The best choice will be one of the software listed below:
пѓ SPSS
пѓ Stata
пѓ SAS
пѓ R
пѓ Statistica
пѓ Minitab
пѓ Excel
Here is a description of the most common software for statistics calculations and links to tutorials on how to use this software.
пѓјSPSS Statistics – as you can read on the website is software used for statistical analysis. The official name for the versions is IBM SPSS Statistics.
Similar products are used for the creation of programs and databases for computer applications such as computer–assisted learning or multimedia
products.
The software name stands for Statistical Package (spss data) for the Social Sciences. The original market for the software was different but

Statistics
Annex A Basic Analysis | | Reciprocating| Scroll| All| Average Price| Europe| $ 31,31 | $ 38,60 | $ 32,28 | | Latin| $ 38,71 | Does not exist| $ 38,71 | |
North| $ 32,43 | $ 34,69 | $ 33,11 | | Total| $ 33,73 | $ 35,67 | $ 34,08 | Average Volume| Europe| 111.307,69| 88.000,00| 108.200,00| | Latin| 67.000,00|
Does not exist| 67.000,00| | North| 121.142,86| 174.500,00| 137.150,00| | Total| 103.054,05| 152.875,00| 111.911,11| Average BTU| Europe| 410,00|
850,00| 468,67| | Latin|... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Annex D2 Residual plots of the first model
Annex E1 Regression analysis, second model
Except EER
Regression Analysis: Price/ Unit versus Capacity BTU/Hr; lnVolume; ...
* Europe is highly correlated with other X variables
* Europe has been removed from the equation.
* Scroll is highly correlated with other X variables
* Scroll has been removed from the equation.
The regression equation is
Price/ Unit = 44,7 + 0,00530 Capacity BTU/Hr – 1,19 lnVolume + 6,12 Latin– 0,237 North – 1,68 Reciprocating
Predictor Coef SE Coef T P VIF
Constant 44,698 6,196 7,21 0,000
Capacity BTU/Hr 0,005298 0,002134 2,48 0,017 1,771 lnVolume–1,1921 0,5151 –2,31 0,026 1,056
Latin 6,119 1,119 5,47 0,000 1,384
North –0,2375 0,9495 –0,25 0,804 1,424
Reciprocating –1,681 1,371 –1,23 0,228 1,758

S = 2,65254 R–Sq = 61,9% R–Sq(adj) = 57,0%
Analysis of Variance
Source DF SS MS F P
Regression 5 446,245 89,249 12,68 0,000
Residual Error 39 274,403 7,036
Total 44 720,649
Source DF Seq SS
Capacity BTU/Hr 1 75,380

Inferential and Descriptive Statistics
Before we continue the discussion about the basic descriptive data elements that are needed to answer the question I previously posed, it is important to
understand what we mean by descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics describe the features of the data collected. In other words, descriptive statistics
describe "what" the data looks like, but it does not tell you why or how data elements interact or influence one another. Descriptive statistics
provide a defender with summaries about the data collected and these summaries may be either quantitative or visual. Quantitative descriptive
statistics are the sum of data points that are usually reported as total numbers or averages in a report. For example, defender offices can use
descriptive statistics to determine the total of open felony cases per attorney in one year or say that on average they had x number of open cases
in the last two years. These are considered to be summaries of caseloads that describe the data collected but it does not tell you if a certain variable
(number of cases opened in this example) has an influence (or is correlated) with the final outcome of a case. When we say that a variable is
correlated we mean that the knowledge of a certain variable (caseload numbers) can allow you to consistently predict the action of another (final
dispositional outcomes). For example, if you mix two hydrogen and one oxygen (H20), you get water. We know that every time you have the
interaction of these

Statistics Purpose Statement
Statement of Purpose
Junru Xia
I first discovered my interest in statistics in my sophomore year at the University of California, Berkeley. In a statistics lecture, the professor explained
how statistics can be applied in real life by giving an example that Amazon often promotes products by emailing its customers and recommending
products according to sophisticated analysis of customers' search records, as well as their transaction data. Previously having been immersed in the
world of abstract statistics, I realized that in addition to being an essential tool to confirm theories already proposed, data itself can lead to entirely new
ideas. The data patterns can be interpreted from many different perspectives, which triggered my eagerness to explore the stories hidden in data and
improve my understanding of the world through data analysis.
With a strong urge to enhance my quantitative foundation, I finished all my courses in mathematics with high scores, and learned Python and Data
Scientists' Toolbox through Codecademy and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My job in the personal loan center was to assist in maintaining the database and generating evaluations. One project which I was involved in was using
personal credit scoring model to make a risk forecast and detect bank fraud based on loan documentation in the database. During the project, I realized
that rather than just about complicated methods, statistics was about simplifying and making sense. Sufficient data and in–depth analysis can not only
help companies make valuable decisions, but also enable us to understand real life in a more direct and precise way. As the trend of information
explosion is inevitable, I am sure that the power of data will become increasingly overwhelming, and the role of data analysis will be indispensable.
Therefore, along with my goal to pursue graduate studies in statistics, my desire to pursue a career in the field of data analysis was

Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
Running head: DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
1
Descriptive and Inferential Statistics DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
2
Descriptive and Inferential Statistics Descriptive and inferential statistics are incredibly similar forms of research testing within psychology. Each
seeks to analyze, describe, and possibly predict a population's behavior. As with psychology itself, statistical analysis within psychology began as a
philosophy (Goodwin, 2008). This philosophy quickly turned to a scientific pursuit, again mirroring psychology itself. A person observes, and wonders
why that event occurred. That person makes a guess, known as forming a hypothesis, then he or she observes the situation again making small changes
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Aron, E. Aron, & Coups, 2009). Additionally, when using inferentialstatistics the inferences about the research study exceeds the numbers collected in
the study (A. Aron, E. Aron, & Coups, 2009). Therefore, the inferences communicate exactly how reliable data collected for the research study is. The
inferences in inferential statistics also convey how significant the information collected is. The information researchers gather for their study only
shows a sampling of the group of participants that the researchers use. This sampling used must vary enough to be representative of the reliability and
significance of the research study ("Research Methods," n.d.). There also must not be much variation in the data (scores) obtained for the study. When
using inferential statistics the researcher must prove that the results of the study are not based on chance or the outcome leads to chance ("Research
Methods," n.d.). Ideally, if the result is a probability, the researcher's observation of the difference would be statistically significant ("Research
Methods," n.d.). The difference would be the difference in the variables used in the study. Researchers must use descriptive statistics to establish a
research study that is statistically significant. The use of descriptive statistics provides

Quantitative Statistics Answers
SMCU002: ADVANCED STATISTICS
LESSON ONE.
Names & Reg.no: Eric Wagobera Junior (MIRD/43004/2016)
Answers
1 a). Data is defined as the collected details from which numerical information is derived. The collected data is processed and organized into vital
statistical information which can be in the form of facts or figures. This data is then interpreted or analyzed through statistical methods for the purposes
of gaining knowledge about a phenomenon, which can help us to make informed decisions.
b). Information is data that has been recorded, classified, and structured within a statistical framework with an aim of making it useful for
decision–making purposes. This information is processed from the collected raw data to come up with meaningful conclusions.
c). Population refers to a set of unit with common characteristics from which statistical sample is drawn for purposes of obtaining the needed data. The
information collected from a sample population can be used by statisticians to develop generalized observations which can be applied to the whole
population.
2 a). The difference between continuous and discrete data is that variables in discrete data are given in whole number values which are countable. Such
figures are distinct and aren't either in decimal or fractional formats, i.e. positions or rankings. On the other hand, continuous data includes variables
whose number values are either in decimal or fractional format which are measurable on a scale. This implies that

Statistics and Difference
BIO 2003 SUMMATIVE ASSIGNMENT 2
Introduction:
The report analyses the result of a study on workers from brick and tile industries conducted by the Health and Safety Laboratory (HSL). HSL put
down few criteria's to the workers which being that neither of the workers from the tiles and brick industries should have worked in both the industries
and that they did not smoke. The criteria's put across was an assurance to attain reliable results.
The essence of the study lies in detecting any difference in the health of the workers in these industries (as identified by cell damage) if any and also to
determine if any relationship exists between the length of service and the recorded health effect.
The Null Hypothesis (Ho) states that no ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is concluded from the histogram above which exhibits that the bar values which is the % damaged cells for brick operation is higher than the bar
value of the tile operation. We have used a histogram, as it is one of the important tools for a data analysis.
Figure 3:The Test For Equal Variance.
The values of the estimated equal variances show no difference in the % cell damage of the workers from the brick and tile operations'–value obtained
from the Levene's Test is 0.200 which is also higher than 0.05 implies that the hypothesis of difference cannot be rejected. The value of the F–Test is
0.952 which being higher than 0.05 shows also shows no signs that the null hypothesis (H0) should be rejected and also that there is no difference
between %cell damage of workers from brick and tile operations. The obtained values from the test for equal variance point out to an abnormal
distribution of data stating the acceptance of the null hypothesis. Hence no clear evidence of a difference in the median among the % damaged cells in
the workers of both the operations.
Figure 4:Normal Distribution Graph For Brick And Tile Operation.
Figure 4 illustrates a normal distribution graph for tile and brick operations. The figure above shows that the %damaged cells of brick and tile
operations are not uniformly distributed, as the points are not scattered about a straight line. There is evidence that the

Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
When faced with an analysis of a situation which deals with a population, an analyzer will incorporate both descriptive and inferential statistics to
evaluate his or her results and create a credible conclusion. Descriptive statistics provides information focused on an immediate group of data. After
defining what needs to be analyzed, the descriptive statistics will help the analyzer abridge the data to a more meaningful and comprehendible form,
which will then provide patterns in his or her research that, will provide a foundation to his or her thesis. For example, a person could use descriptive
statistics to evaluate the answers on an exam taken by 400 American students, and use descriptive statistics to determine the overall performance ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefor by the analyzer using the methods of descriptive and inferential statistics, he or she will be able to draw constitutional conclusions that will
prove to be somewhat accurate and will give the analyzer a general view of the progress and level in which the 400 American and 400 European
students are on, which group of students are progressing on a more higher level than others, and what areas students need improvement or more help in.
References
Unknown (2010), Descriptive and inferential statistics, Lund Research Ltd Copyright 2010, retrieved September 9, 2011 http://statistics.laerd.com
/statistical–guides/descriptive–inferential–statistics.php Trochim, W (2006), Inferential Statistics, Research Methods Knowledge Base Copyright 2006,
revised October 20, 2006, retrieved September 9, 2011

Statistics Questions
Chapter 10
31. A new weight–watching company, Weight Reducers International, advertises that those who join will lose, on the average, 10 pounds the first two
weeks with a standard deviation of 2.8 pounds. A random sample of 50 people who joined the new weight reduction program revealed the mean loss
to be 9 pounds. At the .05 level of significance, can we conclude that those joining Weight Reducers on average will lose less than 10 pounds?
Determine the p–value.
32. Dole Pineapple, Inc., is concerned that the 16–ounce can of sliced pineapple is being overfilled. Assume the standard deviation of the process is .03
ounces. The quality control department took a random sample of 50 cans and found that the arithmetic mean weight was 16.05 ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Use the .05 significance level.
a. How many treatments are there?
b. What is the total sample size?
c. What is the critical value of F?
d. Write out the null and alternate hypotheses.
e. What is your conclusion regarding the null hypothesis?
Chapter 17
19. In a particular market there are three commercial television stations, each with its own evening news program from 6:00 to 6:30 P.M. According
to a report in this morning 's local newspaper, a random sample of 150 viewers last night revealed 53 watched the news on WNAE (channel 5), 64
watched on WRRN (channel 11), and 33 on WSPD (channel 13). At the .05 significance level, is there a difference in the proportion of viewers
watching the three channels?
20. There are four entrances to the Government Centre Building in downtown Philadelphia. The building maintenance supervisor would like to know if
the entrances are equally utilized. To investigate, 400 people were observed entering the building. The number using each entrance is reported below.
At the .01 significance level, is there a difference in the use of the four entrances?
Entrance Frequency
Main street 140
Broad street 120
Cherry street 90
Walnut street 50

Total

Statistics Essay
BUSINESS STATISTICS ASSIGNMENT Project Title: Employee retention at D&Y consulting firm Section E: Group 2:Anshul Garg
(11FN–015)–Finance Gokul Sudhakaran(11DM–039)–Marketing Kaviya .A. (11DM–057)– Marketing Nikhil Gagrani(11DM–089)– Marketing Sheth
Dharmil Nirupam(11DM–147)–Marketing Taru(11IB–061)–International Business Submission Date:– 9th September,2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.
Case 2. Objective of the problem 3. Methodology used 4. Analysis 5. Excel output 6. Conclusion 7. Managerial implications CASE: EMPLOYEE
RETENTION AT D&Y CONSULTING FIRM Demand for systems analysts in the consulting industry is very strong.
... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
c.)Find a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the above obtained mean starting salaries. d) Among all employees whose starting
salary is below the median ($37,750), find a 95% confidence interval for the proportion who stay with D&Y for at least 3 years. e.) Find a 95%
confidence interval for the proportion who stay with D&Y for at least 3 years but this time with starting salaries above the median. f) Find a 95%
confidence interval for the difference between these proportions. From this interval, can we conclude that there is a significant difference in the
proportions at the 5% level of significance? 2. D&Y wonders whether the percentage of time on the road might influence who stays and who
leaves. a. Among all employees who travel less than the median (54%), find the 95% confidence interval for the proportion who stay with D&Y for
at least 3 years. b. Do the same for the employees that travel more than the median who have stayed beyond 3 years. c. Then find the 95% confidence
interval for the difference between proportions. From this confidence interval, can we conclude that there is a significant difference in the
proportions? 3.Find a 95% confidence interval for the mean tenure(in months) of all employees who leave D&Y within 3 years of being Hired. Why
is it not possible with the given data to find a confidence interval for the

Bottlenecks and Statistics
Bottlenecks and Statistics Bottlenecks in processes can and often do exist in any organization and workplace setting, including in nursing settings. The
bottlenecks identified in this case are delivery of service, staff buy in, leadership role, and follow through; though these are all problems for learning
and development processes in the nursing unit they are not all equal in their prevalence or their effects. In order to effectively manage the different
bottlenecks and the potential remedies for these bottlenecks, accurate and meaningful measurements of certain quantitative aspects of the nurse setting
and the identified problems must be accomplished. Statistical analysis is one way to accomplish this measurement and assign varying degrees of
significance, attention, and resources to the different areas of concern that arise in this case. In this way, statistical analysis can lead directly to
practical action meant to improve knowledge and practice in the nursing unit, not simply providing esoteric and or large–scale interpretations of past
data. Control limits are a relatively simple tool in operation with rather profound effects on the interpretation of data (Johnson & Bhattacharyya,
2009). Consisting simply of horizontal lines plotted onto a graphical representation of raw or statistically processed data, these limits are arranged to
confine a specific area of the data and/or plot and thus restrict analysis to a bulk of the data points or, in some cases, to a

Technology And The World Of Statistics
Within the last decade, the United States, and world alike, have both seen vast advances in technology present in households and daily life. Constant
internet and social media access pollutes our society with those who constantly find their eyes dried by the impending information on their phones.
Aside from texting, our phones, tablets, computers, and televisions present us with much over–looked information, like statistics. This knowledge is
presented through reputable sources that litter the internet, so that viewers believe the information they are being fed. Statistics are very powerful;
they are figures that are comparable to the absolute truth. Despite their apparent validity, those who generate these numbers are only human and are
susceptible to errors, thus making statistics impure and unreliable. The world of statistics is one that may appear very precise at first glance, but with
further investigation one can gather that there are many simple errors that may be made through no fault of the investigator. These discrepancies are
divulged as a result of not meeting criterion required for a given value to be considered statistically valid. These requirements are numerous and similar,
but ultimately, each holds a unique meaning. These include, but are not limited to, construct validity which ensures the experiment and information
gathered coincide with the theory being tested. Subcategories of construct validity are inclusive of convergent and divergent validity,

Statistics in Research
Definition of statistics:
Statistics is the science of learning from data, and of measuring, controlling, and communicating uncertainty; and it thereby provides the navigation
essential for controlling the course of scientific and societal advances (Davidian, M. and Louis, T. A., 10.1126/science.1218685).
Statisticians apply statistical thinking and methods to a wide variety of scientific, social, and business endeavors in such areas as astronomy, biology,
education, economics, engineering, genetics, marketing, medicine, psychology, public health, sports, among many. Many economic, social, political,
and military decisions cannot be made without statistical techniques, such as the design of experiments to gain federal approval of a newly ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Statisticians recommend that experiments compare (at least) one new treatment with a standard treatment or control, to allow an unbiased estimate of
the difference in treatment effects. 2. Design of experiments, using blocking to reduce the influence of confounding variables, and randomized
assignment of treatments to subjects to allow unbiased estimates of treatment effects and experimental error. At this stage, the experimenters and
statisticians write the experimental protocol that shall guide the performance of the experiment and that specifies the primary analysis of the
experimental data. 3. Performing the experiment following the experimental protocol and analyzing the data following the experimental protocol. 4.
Further examining the data set in secondary analyses, to suggest new hypotheses for future study. 5. Documenting and presenting the results of the
study. In contrast, an observational study does not involve experimental manipulation. This type of study typically uses a survey to collect observations
about the area of interest and then performs statistical analysis.
Statistics is applied in the following ways in research: 1. In science
A very important component of the Scientific Method is the statistical analysis of your collected data or observations. How you analyze the data,
whether done correctly or incorrectly, will ultimately determine the conclusions from your research.

Statistics In Sociology
In this experiment, data was collected from 44 participants, which came from an undergraduate statistics lab class at Florida Atlantic University,
members of the Palm Beach Hindu Mandir, and friends and relatives of the authors of this study. The sample was 30% male (N = 13) and 70%
female (N = 31). Participants ranged in age from 15 to 61 with the average being 28 years (M= 28.09, SD= 14.178). The participants all voluntarily
filled out an online survey originally sent out to the class. The authors both participated and gave their own survey responses. In order to get a wider
range of results, the survey was also sent to members of a church, and shared on one of the author's personal social media page. Their responses were
factored into... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Anything over five was not considered for this study. This is because for the purposes of this study, anything over five times a year is considered a
significant amount of times to be ill. In this experiment, the main goal is to find a possible correlation between whether a person makes their bed
daily or not and around how many times they are sick in a year. We hypothesize that making one's bed daily promotes good health habits, therefore
preventing one from being ill frequently. Due to this, we predict that participants that reportedly make their beds daily will also report fewer instances
of being sick per year, with most responses estimated to land around "1–3" times per year. The main independent variable being studied is whether
participants make their bed daily, and the dependent variable would be how often they are sick in a year. There are some other independent variables
that could impact the relationship, such as gender and age, because they too have an influence on the health of a person. Due to this, we asked
participants to report that information as well, so we can take it into account when running data tests and drawing conclusions. Results Our
independent variable for this study is whether participants make up their beds every morning. The dependent variable for this study is how many
times a year participants get sick. Other independent variables recorded were gender and age. We ran a bivariate correlation

What Is Statistics
Statistics can be defined as " the science that deals with the collection, classification, analysis, and interpretation of numerical facts of data, and that,
by use of mathematical theories of probability, imposes order and regularity on aggregates of more or less disparate elements" (Dictionary.com, LLC,
2008). Yet how do we use these specific elements in our everyday working lives? Many don't realize the extent to which we as a culture base our
decisions on statistics. We us them in something as small as predicting the outcome of a game or number of points that a team will score. Statistics
surrounds us in many ways and in many forms. As the American Statistical Association president Jon Kettenring stated, "I like to think of... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Yet when it came closer and more information was pulled they realized that this statistical information was indeed inaccurate and did not provide
enough data to see the true statistics on Clemens. They noted that to be accurate they needed to look at all of the athletes that have as successful as
Clemens not just in the same age bracket. When looking at this particular information they noted that indeed Clemens was irregular and did not fit the
mold of the normal athlete not using performance enhancing drugs. This shows that with inaccurate and inadequate information that the wrong
conclusion can be made. (Knowledge@Wharton, 2008) Just seeing this information makes you realize the importance of collecting information for
correct statistical analysis. When researching statistics you can also see that there is much relying on the statistical analysis's that are made. With that
we see that we must set standards for researching and making statistical analyses. First and foremost the information must be suited to its purpose.
Going along with that there are a total of 5 more areas that one must check when submitting statistical information, info must be as accurate as possible,
information must be as fresh as possible, information must be readily accessible, information must be comparable internationally and overtime, as well
as statistics shall be consistent and as uniform as possible. (Statistics Finland, 2005) Going into

Barron's Ap Statistics
I read Barron's How to Prepare for the AP Statistics Exam. A very educational book helped a lot on the AP test. It clarified ideas that I was uncertain
on. It helped me to understand when to use each test and the assumptions needed for each test. Type I and Type II errors were explained in such a way
that they became crystal clear to me instead of muddy. Computer and Minitab outputs were thoroughly explained, and I became comfortable with them
after reading this book. The Barron's guide also formatted equations in the same manner as the AP equation sheet, which helped me become familiar
with this format before going into the AP test. I feel that the Barron's guide helped me to review all theStatistics concepts and refreshed my ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Barron's guide more effectively explained the necessary steps for a confidence interval, as well. The Brase text and Barron's guide also differ in
their treatment of formulas, specifically the Binomial Formula for Probability. In the Brase text, the binomial formula is: P(r) = n! (pr qn–r) r!(n–r)!
While in the Barron's guide it is: This equation is given to us on the AP formula sheet, so since Barons actually teaches you how to use this specific
formula it makes it much easier to understand and was very helpful on the AP Exam. Another topic the Brase text did not cover very thoroughly was
the Least Squares Line. Brase simply defines the line as, "The least–squares line devolved with x as the explanatory variable and y as the response
variable can be used only to predict y values from specific x values. Baron 's on the other hand goes into detail in explaining how to find the line, its
slope, and the standard deviation. It gives the equation Е·=y + b1 (x–x). It also goes onto define Гџ as the slope of the true regression line, which can
be found using a t score with degrees of freedom n–2. The equation for standard deviation is the sum of the squared residuals divided by the sum of the
squared deviations of the mean. Overall, this AP study book was a very helpful tool in preparing for the exam. It explained difficult concepts in a much

Statistics and Psychology
Statistics and Psychology Paper There are numerous applications of statistical reasoning and research methods in the field of psychology. From simple
aspects of reading and interpreting psychology articles, to completing personal research, statistics is a necessary concept to understand. The scientific
method is essential to research, and many of the concepts cross the lines into statistics. It is also imperative for us to compare and contrast the
characteristics of primary and secondary data. Ultimately, the focus of these topics centers on the application of statistical reasoning in psychology.
Statistics in Psychology One might ask themselves how mathematical concepts could possibly apply to psychology. The answer is... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Secondary data is published data, or data collected by others (Triola, 2010). Primary data is preferred in research because the knowledge is obtained
first–hand, where secondary relies on the observations of others. For instance, more accurate results in a weight study will come from the direct
weighing of the patients than asking them their weight.
Statistics in Research Psychologists use univariate principles when they measure only one variable and multivariate procedure when using variables to
ascertain relationships (Chow, 2002). Psychologists often use statistics to identify areas of research interest. In testing a hypothesis, many researchers
need to turn questions into testable numerical data. One of the most common statistics applications is the testing of the null hypothesis. The null
hypothesis involves the original claim –like 50 out of 100 patients see success in regression techniques to overcome phobias– and turning it into a
mathematical claim (Вµ = 50). The alternative hypothesis represents the difference of a claim, or the probability that it is untrue because the test
statistic is outside the given range (Вµ в‰ 50). These claims are tested, and if it is found that less than 50 patients saw success with regression
techniques, then researchers are able to use statistical reasoning to disprove the statement. Overall, statistical reasoning is extremely important in the
interpretation of research results

Business Statistics
Case Problem 1: National Health Care Association(Descriptive Statistics)
The National Health Care Association is concerned about the shortage of nurses the health care profession is projecting for the future. To learn the
current degree of job satisfaction among nurses, the association has sponsored a study of hospital nurses throughout the country. As part of this study,
a sample of 50 nurses was asked to indicate their degree of satisfaction in their work, their pay and their opportunities for promotion. Each of the three
aspects of satisfaction was measured on a scale from 0 to 100, with larger values indicating higher degrees of satisfaction. The data collected also
showed the type of hospital employing the nurses. The types of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To provide better service for her present clients and to attract new clients, she has developed a weekly newsletter. Lisa has been considering adding
a new feature to the newsletter that will report the results of a weekly telephone survey of fund managers. To investigate the feasibility of offering
this service, and to determine what type of information to include in the newsletter, Lisa selected a sample random sample of 45 money market
funds. The Data File "Bock", reports fund assets and yields for the past seven and 30 days. Before calling the money market fund managers to obtain
additional data, Lisa decided to do some preliminary analysis of the data already collected.
Managerial Report
1. Use appropriate descriptive statistics to summarize the data on assets and yields for the money market funds. 2. Develop a 95% confidence interval
estimate of the mean assets, mean 7–day yield, and mean 30–day yield for the population of money market funds. Provide a managerial interpretation of
each interval estimate 3. Discuss the implication of your findings in terms of how Lisa could use this type of information in preparing her weekly
newsletter. 4. What other information would you recommend that Lisa gather to provide the most useful information to her clients?
(This case problem is due to Anderson, Sweeney, and

Statistic Manager

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Statistic Manager

Similar to Statistic Manager (6)

More from Nicole Williams

More from Nicole Williams (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Statistic Manager