BACILLUS SUBTILIES: GRAM + ve BACTERIA CLASSIFICATION KEY FEATURE INTRODUCTION ORGIN OF NAME MORPHOLOGY GENOME USES

1. Bacillus subtilis
Presented by: Khushbu’s microbiology

2. CLASSIFICATION
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Bacillales
Family: Bacillaceae
Genus: Bacillus
Species: B. subtilis
Binomial name
Bacillus subtilis

3.  Bacillus subtilis : Gram-positive bacterium that forms spores
 Bacillus subtilis : ubiquitous organism.
 It is estimated that Bacillus species, including B. subtilis,
produce 60% of commercially available enzymes.
KEY FEATURE

4.  Bacillus subtilis : one of the best characterized bacteria and
is used as a model organism for Gram-positive bacteria
 B. subtilis : rod-shaped bacterium
 B. subtilis : produces endospores that allow the survival of
extreme environmental conditions including heat
and desiccation.
 The soil-dwelling organism Bacillus subtilis is able to form
multicellular aggregates like biofilms
Introduction

5. The genus Bacillus was named in 1835 by Christian Gottfried
Ehrenberg, to contain rod-shaped -bacillus bacteria.
He had seven years earlier named the genus Bacterium.
Bacillus was later amended by Ferdinand Cohn to further
describe them as spore-forming, Gram-positive, aerobic or
facultatively anaerobic bacteria.
 Very large ribosomal 16S diversity.
Origin of name

6. A bacterial rod is a symmetrical cylinder with
rounded ends.
A significant difference in pressure across the
cytoplasmic membrane pushes the cell wall into a
specific shape.
Morphology

7. B. subtilis :about 4,100 genes.
 Only 192 were shown to be indispensable; another 79 were
predicted to be essential.
The complete genome sequence of B. subtilis : sub-strain QB928
has 4,146,839 DNA base pairs and 4,292 genes.
The QB928 strain is widely used in genetic studies due to the
presence of various
Several noncoding RNAs have been characterized in the B.
subtilis genome in 2009, including Bsr RNAs.
 Microarray-based comparative genomic analyses have revealed
that B. subtilis members show considerable genomic diversity.
Genome

8.  Cultures of B. subtilis : popular worldwide before the
introduction of antibiotics as an immunostimulatory
agent to aid treatment
like gastrointestinal and urinary tract diseases.
 B. subtilis : used as a soil
inoculant in horticulture and agriculture.
 B. subtilis :act as a useful bioproduct fungicide that
prevents the growth of Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi
Uses

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