The document summarizes the geography and early history of classical Greece. It describes how the sea-surrounded landscape divided the land into regions and influenced the development of trade, naval strength, and an outdoor lifestyle. It discusses the Mycenaean civilization from 3000 BC and their dominance after fighting the Trojan War around 1200 BC. The Mycenaean culture declined around 1150 BC, leading to a 400 year "Greek Dark Age" until new tribes migrated in from the north and established city-states like Sparta and Athens between 1100-800 BC.