India-China Yarn Markets

1. OUR GROUP IS ENGAGED INTO FARMING,
GINNING, SPINNING AND KNITTING
Manufacturer and Exporter of :
Indian Raw Cotton.
100% cotton yarn from Ne 16/1 - Ne 40/1
(combed / compact / carded).
Greige knitted fabric (dia 26 to 34 and
gauge 24 & 28), single and double jersey.
Comber noil / Flat / Lickerin.
- Vishal Patel - +91 90990 25052 ; Alkesh Gangani - +91 99788 16999
302-304 Akshat Tower, Near Pakwan Restaurant ||,
Bodakdev, S.G Highway, Ahmedabad, 380054, Gujarat, India.
- yarns@nivagroup.co.in - www.nivagroup.co.in
ISSN NO : 2278-8972 l RNI NO : MAHENG/2012/43707
www.textilevaluechain.in
SEPTEMBER 2023
VOLUME 11 l ISSUE NO. 9 l RS 100 l PAGES 94

India-China Yarn Markets

4. Grasim Industries Limited
(VFY - Fashion Yarn Business)
www.raysil.co.in | raysil@adityabirla.com
For trade inquiries, please contact: (Mumbai): +91 22 22027570-77
(Surat): +91 261 4003361/62/66
LUXURIOUS ELEGANCE
for
Made with premium wood pulp, Raysil®
, of 100% natural origin,
gives fabrics a rich lustre, vivid colour, superior drape and a feather-light feel.

5. 100% Cotton RAW WHITE Combed and Carded yarns for
Knitting & Weaving
OPEN END RW YARNS in 100% Cotton and Polyester / Cotton
Blends
Cotton / Polyester Yarns
Cotton / Viscose Yarns, Cotton / Modal Yarns
Cotton / Tencel Yarns, Cotton / Acrylic Blended Yarns, Cotton /
Nylon Yarns
Count Range NE 16s to NE 40s - Single and Double
RAW WHITE YARNS
100% Cotton, Multi-Fiber Blends, Tencel Blends, Polyester /
Viscose
Polyester / Cotton, Cotton / Nylon, Cotton / Viscose, 100% Viscose
100% Polyester, Acrylic / Cotton, Acrylic / Viscose, Modal / Cotton
100% Polyester Dope Dyed yarns in Black and various shades: NE
8s to NE 18s
Count Range NE 16s to NE 40s - Single and Double Melange yarns
and Fancy yarn
MELANGE YARN AND DYED YARNS
Jaspe /Siro Yarn, Cotton / Viscose / Nylon
Cotton / Silk, Cotton / Wool, Cotton / Hemp
SPECIALTY YARNS
100% Organic Cotton & Organic Blends, BCI Cotton &
Cotton Blends
GRS Certified Recycled Polyester Blends, Eco-Friendly
Viscose Blends
Recycled Cotton Blends
Sustainable yarns with Recycled Cotton, Recycled Polyester,
Organic Cotton, BCI Cotton, and Liva Eco Viscose
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTS
Dyeing– Fibre and Yarn Dyeing Plant with the Capacity to Dye
15 MT / Day
WE OFFER
RAW-WHITE &
MELANGE YARNS IN
COTTON, PC & MANY
MORE BLENDS....
MARKETING OFFICE INDIA BANGLADESH OFFICE
House No/. 2nd Floor, Road No. 8,
Baridhara DOHS, Dhaka Bangladesh
FACTORY ADDRESS
Village Akbarpur, Ahmedgarh, Dist. Sangrur
Near Ludhiana, Punjab – 148021, India
+91 – 98200 60227 / +91- 98112 82258
rm@cedaartextile.com www.cedaartextile.com
Cedaar Textile Pvt. Ltd.
YARN RANGE FOR SWEATERS
Cotton / Acrylic, 100% Cotton, Acrylic Viscose
Cotton / Viscose, 100% Viscose, Cotton Polyester
Count Range 2/20 NE to 2/40 NE
Office No. 413, 4th Floor, Eros City Square Mall,
Rosewood City Road, Sector-49, Gurugram - 122018,
Haryana, India
Office No. 411, Prime Mall, Plot No. D-66, Sector 12,
Kharghar, Navi Mumbai-410 210,
Mumbai, India

6. CORPORATE SPEAKS
DIGITIZATION
HOME TEXTIELS
CORPORATE VIEWS
REVIEW PAPER
POST EVENT
STARTUP & MSMES
MARKET REPORT
Unveiling the Evolu on of India and China Yarn Markets 10
Upcoming Events October 2023 08
Jay Bharat’s new plant for rPET chips 18
‘We Believe in Quality’ 20
Pifron: High Performance Air-Jet Looms and Roving
machines 24
The Journey of Astra Tech India 30
Digital connec vity for Indian Manufacturers; Interac on
with Capximize 34
The Impact of 3D Digital Fabric Material Crea on On
Driving Business Growth 40
Global Market Opportunity in Rugs and Carpet 43
Company Culture at The Yarn Bazaar: Promo ng
Collabora on and Crea vity in Our Workplace 48
A compara ve study of Crosrol card Mk5d versus
modified card Mk6 for ul mate effect on sliver and yarn
quality 58
Nano-Tex les: Applica ons and challenges 74
BITTex les: Pla orm for Industry Networking 78
HGH India puts Indian home market in global context 87
HGH India a racted over 41,000 visitors across all four
days at its 13th edi on that culminated in Mumbai 88
India’s Startup Fundraising in 2023 - Analysis & Insight 81
Man Made Fibres 14
Natural Fibres 16
EU Apparel Import 54
RSB COTTEX GATEFOLD
NIVA EXPORTS FRONT COVER
RAYSIL FRONT INSIDE
CEDAAR TEXTILE 3
RAMESWAR 5
SAMBANDAM 7
SALONA GROUP 9
GOKUL YARNS 11
RADHESHYAM SPINNING 13
FIOTEX 15
KEWALRAM TEXTILES 17
PASHUPATI 19
GLOSSY 21
CAIRO FASHIONTEX 22
JOLLY SPINNERS 23
REAL PRINCE 27
SAURER 28
OMAX COTSPIN 29
ASTRATECH 31
TECHTEXTILE 32
LUWA 33
MOROCCO FASHIONTEX 36
ART YARN 37
CEMS 38
INDOSPUN LLP 39
AMBICA COTSEEDS PVT LTD 45
NONWOVEN TECH 46
BRUCKNER 47
ASSOCHAM 50
NEEVA TRADELINK 51
ITMA ASIA 52
ALLIANCE 53
RIMTEX 55
ITMACH 56
SSPL 57
MEERA INDUSTRIES 59
USTER TECHNOLOGIES 61
YARN EXPO ICHALKARANJI 63
UNIFORM & SPORTSWEAR EXPO 64
GSCS 65
ZYDEX 67
YAMUNA 69
SPG PRINTS 71
DOMOTEX 72
D BADAMI FASHION 73
SITEX 76
SHREEJI 77
GOKULANAND TEXTURISER 79
TUREL 80
PAMEX 83
UNITECH TEXMECH 84
ITM 85
SHIDHANATH COTEX 86
WEAVEKNITT 89
THE X AXIS 90
SAUDI STITCH 91
EXCEL 92
JB ECOTEX BACK INSIDE
RAYMOND BACK COVER
ADVERTISER INDEX
COVER STORY
EVENT CALENDER
CONTENT
SEPTEMBER 2023
4 www.textilevaluechain.in

7. Super Combed Compact Yarn (Ne 10s to Ne 80s)
Combed Yarn (Ne 10s to Ne 50s)
Carded Yarn (Ne 10s to Ne 40s)
Open End Yarns (Ne 6s to Ne 20s)
TFO Doubled Yarns
All Yarns for Knitting and Weaving purpose
RAMESWAR UDYOG PRIVATE LIMITED
404 BALLESWAR SQUARE, 4TH FLOOR,
S. G. ROAD, OPP ISCON TEMPLE,
AHMEDABAD 380015, INDIA
+919998007171
+91 79-40215500
www.rameswar.com
ruchi@rameswar.com

8. SEPTEMBER 2023
6 www.textilevaluechain.in
Evolving Landscape of Indian
and Chinese Yarn Markets
heyarnmarketsofIndiaandChinahavebeenundergoing
significant changes, reflec ng the dynamic nature of
the global tex le industry. Bangladesh’s ascent as the
largest export market for Indian co on yarn, surpassing
China, marks a noteworthy shi in demand. This trend, along
with rising co on yarn and home tex le export orders, paints
a posi ve picture for India’s yarn market. The projec on of
expor ng tex le products worth US$ 18 billion underscores
India’s growth trajectory. Emphasizing market diversifica on,
par cularly towards countries with less than 20% of India’s
yarn imports, showcases the industry’s proac ve approach.
In the Chinese context, as the world’s primary co on yarn
importer, China’s influence remains substan al. The transi on
of China’s co on produc on to the distant Xinjiang region has
reshaped global trade pa erns and supply chains, symbolizing
a new equilibrium. A significant development is China’s
replacement by Vietnam and Indonesia as the top co on yarn
importers due to their duty-free access, highligh ng the impact
of trade policies. The global co on yarn market’s projected
growth and China’s strategic posi oning within it reflect its
enduring significance.
Contribu ng factors in both markets intertwine to shape
their trajectories. Bangladesh’s ascendancy signifies changing
demand dynamics, while increased demand from China
and Bangladesh elevates prices within the Indian market.
The projec on of the global co on yarn market’s growth
underscores the industry’s vibrancy, propelled by rising
demand, sustainability awareness, and government support.
These dynamics resonate in the strategic shi of China’s co on
produc on, influencing global trade pa erns and supply chains.
In conclusion, the Indian and Chinese yarn markets exemplify
adaptability and innova on within the tex le industry. As these
markets respond to shi ing demand, embrace diversifica on,
and navigate changing produc on landscapes, they carve paths
toward promising futures in the world of tex les.
EDITORIAL TEAM
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER
Jigna Shah
EDITORIAL ASSISTANT
Gargi Dandegaonkar
CREATIVE DESIGNER
Asif Khan
JUNIOR EDITOR
Hrushikesh Takbhate
MARKETING AND ADVERTISING ENQUIRY
Mohammad Tanweer
+91-9167986305
sales@tex levaluechain.com
REGISTERED OFFICE:
TVC MEDIA AND PROMOTION PVT LTD.
504, Suchita Business Park, Patel Chowk,
Pantnagar, Ghatkopar (East),
Mumbai- 400075, Maharashtra, INDIA.
Cell: +91-9769442239
Email: info@tex levaluechain.com
Web: www.tex levaluechain.com
Owner, Publisher, Printer and Editor
Ms. Jigna Shah
Printed and Processed by her at, Impression
Graphics, Gala no.13, Shivai Industrial Estate,
Andheri Kurla Road, Sakinaka, Andheri(East),
Mumbai 400072, Maharashtra, India.
All rights reserved Worldwide; Reproduc on
of any of the content from this issue is
prohibited without explicit wri en permission
of the publisher. Every effort has been made
to ensure and present factual and accurate
informa on. The views expressed in the
ar cles published in this magazine are
that of the respec ve authors and not
necessarily that of the publisher. Tex le Value
chain is not responsible for any unlikely errors
that might occur or any steps taken based in the
informa on provided herewith.
Editorial
+91-9869634305
marke ng@tex levaluechain.com
Hrushikesh Takbhate
T

10. SEPTEMBER 2023
8 www.textilevaluechain.in
Event Calender
UPCOMING
EVENTS
EVENTS October 2023
28th
– 01st
oct
IBIA EXPO 2023
Istanbul, Turkey
h ps://ibiaexpo.com/en/
03rd
– 10th
Oct
UGANDA INTL TRADE FAIR
Uganda, Africa
h ps://tradefair.uma.or.ug
04th
- 05th
oct
PERFORMANCE DAYS FUNCTIONAL FABRIC FAIR
Online Event
h ps://www.performancedays.com/loop.html
05th
-08th
Oct
GENOVAJEANS 2023
Genova, Italy
h ps://genovajeans.it/
05th
- 07th
Oct
THE CAIRO FASHION & TEX
Cairo, Egypt
h ps://www.cairofashiontex.com/
06th
Oct
NATIONAL CONCLAVE ON AGROTECH
New Delhi, India
h p://www.i aindia.org/
07th
-09th
Oct
GARMENTECH INDIA
Mumbai, india
h ps://garmentecindia.com
10th
- 12th
Oct
FILTXPO™ 2023
Chicago, USA
h ps://www.filtxpo.com/
11th
- 13th
Oct
MANUFACTURER EXPO IN THAILAND
Bangkok, Thailand.
h p://m4expo.com/
18th
– 19th
Oct
MANUFACTURING LEADERS INDIA SUMMIT
Mumbai, India
h ps://manufacturingleadersummit.com/Home.aspx
19th
- 21st
Oct
INTERTEX
Tunisia
h ps://www.intertextunisia.com/index.php
24th
- 27th
Oct
INTERMEDIATE NONWOVENS TRAINING COURSE
Online Course
h ps://imisw.inda.org
25th
- 27th
Oct
HANOITEX 2023
Vietnam
h p://vhanoitex.com/en/
26th
- 28th
Oct
GARMENT & TEXTILE INDUSTRY EXHIBITION
Dhaka, Bangaladesh
www.bigtex.exp

12. SEPTEMBER 2023
10 www.textilevaluechain.in
India Yarn Market: Weaving Success Amid Challenges
In the intricate tapestry of India’s tex le industry, the
yarnmarketholdsacrucialthread.Bangladeshemerges
as the leading des na on for Indian co on yarn
exports in terms of value, while the combined force of
China and Bangladesh accounts for a substan al 50%
of India’s yarn exports in quan ty. A surge in Indian
co on yarn and home tex le export orders serves as
a beacon of hope, signifying a posi ve upswing in the
market. Envisioning a bold future, the Indian tex le
industry an cipates expor ng tex le goods worth a
staggering US$ 18 billion in the upcoming fiscal year.
A tale of resurgence unfolds as the Indian spun yarn
market breaks free from a nine-year declining trend,
soaring to new heights in 2019. However, challenges
persist, echoing the need for diversifica on across
markets where India’s yarn import shares remain
under 20%. This adap ve strategy promises to unlock
fresh avenues of growth.
China Yarn Market: A Revolu on Unravelled
The heartbeat of China’s tex le prowess lies within its
yarn market. Claiming the tle of the world’s largest
co on yarn importer, China’s influence reverberates
across the global landscape. As the global co on yarn
market charts an impressive trajectory, poised to grow
from USD 82.81 billion in 2023 to a projected USD
100.68 billion by 2028, China stands firmly at the helm.
A seismic shi is underway, tracing China’s reloca on
of co on produc on to the distant Xinjiang region.
This move, though marked by geographic hurdles, has
ignited a domino effect that reshapes trade pa erns
and supply chains. A notable change emerges as China
gracefully bows to Vietnam and Indonesia, entrus ng
them with the tle of the largest importers of co on
yarn. Their duty-free access sets them apart, whereas
Indian yarn carries a 3.5% import duty.
Impact on the Global Tex le Fabric: Unravelling the
Threads of Influence
The ripples from India and China’s yarn markets reach
far beyond their borders, touching the global tex le
industry. The Indian tex le domain faces challenges
as discerning consumers in Europe, the US, and other
key markets cut back on clothing expenditure. Yet, the
global co on yarn market’s projected growth reflects a
promising narra ve, driven by heightened demand, a
growing consciousness of sustainability in fashion, and
unwavering government support.
China’s strategic shi in co on produc on wields
transforma ve power, redefining trade pa erns and
Unveiling the Evolution of India
and China Yarn Markets By Hrushikesh Takbhate
The world of tex les is witnessing a dynamic transforma on, and at its forefront are the yarn markets
of India and China. These two na ons, known for their rapid economic growth, have become pivotal
players in the global tex le arena, marked by challenges and promising opportuni es that paint a vivid
picture of their journeys.
Cover Story

14. SEPTEMBER 2023
12 www.textilevaluechain.in
Cover Story
supply chains. This metamorphosis echoes across
the fabric of the global market, leading to amplified
demand for co on yarn in China and Bangladesh. The
outcome? Elevated prices in the Indian market.
AresilientspiritcharacterizestheIndiantex leindustry,
as it strives to extend its market reach in countries
where its yarn imports are less than 20%. This adap ve
approach, rooted in diversifica on, is poised to for fy
India’s presence on the global stage.
In the realm of tex les, the threads of India and
China are woven into a rich tapestry of evolu on. As
challenges intertwine with opportuni es, these yarn
markets stand as prime exemplars of adaptability,
resilience, and innova on in a dynamic industry poised
for a vibrant future.
Performance of Indian and Chinese Yarn Markets: A
Deeper Look
In the backdrop of the ever-evolving global tex le
industry, the performance of the Indian and Chinese
yarn markets in the last year unfolds as a compelling
narra ve of shi ing dynamics and influen al factors.
The yarn markets of these two economic giants have
experienced significant changes, propelled by various
contribu ng factors.
Indian Yarn Market: Naviga ng New Horizons
The recent surge of Bangladesh as the largest export
market for Indian co on yarn has ignited a paradigm
shi , dethroning China from its long-held posi on. This
noteworthy transi on not only underscores changing
demand pa erns but also highlights India’s adaptability
in catering to emerging markets.
A remarkable up ck in Indian co on yarn export orders
and home tex le export orders further tes fies to the
market’s resilience and evolving trends. The projec on
of expor ng tex le products worth a substan al US$ 18
billion in the fiscal year 2013-14 unveils a determined
trajectory of growth, bolstered by a surge in demand.
A call for market diversifica on resonates through the
industry, advoca ng a strategic focus on countries
where India’s share of yarn imports stands below 20%.
This prudent approach speaks volumes about the
industry’s intent to embrace new opportuni es while
safeguarding against dependence on specific markets.
Chinese Yarn Market: A New Equilibrium
As the largest global importer of co on yarn, China has
tradi onally wielded significant influence. However, a
pivotal transforma on has unfolded, marked by China
relinquishing its posi on to Vietnam and Indonesia as
the largest importers of co on yarn. This power shi
is a result of their favorable duty-free access, while
Indian yarn grapples with a 3.5% import duty.
The projec on of the global co on yarn market’s
exponen al growth from USD 82.81 billion in 2023 to a
staggeringUSD100.68billionby2028,exhibi ngaCAGR
of 4.0%, accentuates China’s strategic posi oning. This
foresight into market trends showcases China’s intent
to stay at the forefront of global tex le dynamics.
Yet, the seismic shi in China’s co on produc on
landscape, gravita ng toward the distant Xinjiang
region, has reverberated throughout the industry. This
ripple effect has reshaped trade pa erns and disrupted
established supply chains, yielding a new equilibrium
that carries far-reaching implica ons.
Contribu ng Factors: A Tapestry of Influence
Several interconnected factors underpin the trajectory
of both markets. The rise of Bangladesh as a dominant
export des na on for Indian co on yarn illuminates
the evolving demand landscape, while rising demand
from China and Bangladesh has li ed prices within the
Indian market, triggering significant industry shi s.
The global co on yarn market’s projected growth
underscores the sector’s buoyancy, driven by
heightened demand, sustainability concerns in the
fashion realm, and robust government backing for the
expansion of domes c tex le endeavours. Addi onally,
the pivotal shi in China’s co on produc on, coupled
with its consequen al impact on trade pa erns and
supply chains, reverberates globally.
The subs tu on of India by Vietnam and Indonesia in
thelistoftopco onyarnimportersfurtherunderscores
the strategic significance of duty-free access in shaping
trade dynamics.
As the yarn markets of India and China con nue to
traverse uncharted territories, this intricate interplay of
factors paints a vivid picture of adapta on, innova on,
and strategic foresight, paving the way for an exci ng
future in the world of tex les.

15. )DFWRU6XUYH1R1U5DLOZDURVVLQJ$W6+(0$/$7D*RQGDO'LVW5DMNRW,1',$
3K

16. SEPTEMBER 2023
14 www.textilevaluechain.in
Market Report
Man Made Fibres (Import) Man Made Fibres (Export)
Natural Fibres (Import)

18. SEPTEMBER 2023
16 www.textilevaluechain.in
Natural Fibres (Export)
Market Report

20. SEPTEMBER 2023
18 www.textilevaluechain.in
Corporate Speaks
Can you tell us about Jay
Bharat rPET?
We are coming up with a
new plant, this plant will be
making chemically recycled
rPET chips, these chips will
beusedinbothfilamentand
OPET grade applications.
We already have a plant by
the name of JB Ecotex. We
make yarn there. The issue
everyone faces currently in
mechanical recycling is that
many people wanted finer
yarns. But that was not
being able to reproduce the
finer yarns. That’s why we
have come up with this latest technology. Which is
ourpatentedtechnologythatwedevelopedin-house.
This will help customers make finer filament-grade
yarns and be used in BoPET applications.
WhoarethetargetcustomersofJB?Andwhatbenefits
will they be receiving with this new ini a ve?
Our target customers are Decathlon, Zara, Adidas,
and all the other major brands across the deals. In
India a lot of exports are happening, so everyone
who is dealing in filament grade, and weaving
are our target customer. Those who are exporting
BoPET to European countries have major benefits as
plastic taxes are levied in European countries. If you
get it at chips level you will have great savings.
We are currently coming with 70 tons of total output
capacity per day and we hope to expand it soon with
the help of our valuable customers.
d
l
d
y
t
r
r
r
r
r
t
Jay Bharat’s new plant
for rPET chips
Tex le Value Chain Talked with Mr. Samarth Arya,
Director, JB rPET Industries Pvt. Ltd.

22. SEPTEMBER 2023
20 www.textilevaluechain.in
Corporate Speaks
Can you tell us about Wampum Syntex?
We are into Polyester, Nylon, Sorona, and all
synthetic and specialty yarn dying. We are offering
polyester texturized twisted yarn, then air textured
yarn, spurn yarn, along with virgin and recycled.
In Nylon, we are doing crimp yarn, dying, virgin,
and recycled. Then FDY twisted, then specialty
yarn we are making in nylon that is Jari covering
yarn, specially made for elastic tapes. We are
making acrylic tape yarns, then Sorona, which is a
DuPont product, is a bi-component yarn, which is
sustainable yarn. We are offering 50 deniers to 150
deniers and multiple ply in that. So, we have a wide
range of yarns to tackle all types of markets. Right
from narrow woven to bigger elastic markets. We
are making high-tenacity nylon also which is used
for technical textile products.
What are your product segments?
We are supplying pan India with export also, we
are doing good business with different countries,
like Egypt, Vietnam, Peru, Morocco, and Singapore.
We are supplying yarns to elastic tapes, solid tapes,
narrow woven labels, sarees, dress materials,
shirting and suiting, then home furnishing products,
and knitted fabrics.
What is your produc on capacity?
We have a capacity of around 700 tones, Nylon we
are having 50 tones, and we are making high bulk
yarn also, which is loose for elastic tapes.
How are your promo ng sustainability?
We are now promoting recycled and sustainable
yarns. In recycled we are doing in polyester and
nylon and sustainable like micro Sorona for good
volume. We are also the first, who made it successful
in yarn dying. Sorona was earlier used in the raw
white stage, but now we have made it successful in
yarn dying and after dying it gives more than 2.5
times stretch in the yarn.
Are there any plans for expansion in the near future?
We are in the process, we are increasing specialty
yarn products more and more. We are into new
product developments like different types of blends
for different applications. We are into major quality
segments. We are not focusing on volume, we
believe in quality.
‘We Believe in
Quality’
Tex le Value Chain talks with Mr. Sandeep
Ostwal, Director, Wampum Syntex Pvt. Ltd.
at Yarn Expo 2023.
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24. 05 - 06 - 07 OCTOBER 2023
CAIRO INTERNATIONAL
CONVENTION CENTER
“The Biggest Textile
Fair in Mena Region”
www.cairofashiontex.com
ORGANIZER

26. SEPTEMBER 2023
24 www.textilevaluechain.in
Corporate Speaks
Can you provide an overview of Pifron’s specializa on
and its posi on in the tex le machinery industry?
Pifron’s specialization lies in the import of textile
machinery. We have established ourselves as a
trusted player in the textile machinery industry,
particularly in the field of air-jet looms. Our
partnership with Red Flag Textile Machinery Co.,
Ltd., the largest air-jet loom production company
in China, positions us as a reliable importer and
supplier of high-quality textile machinery.
What are the key areas of focus for Pifron in terms of
research, development, produc on, and sales?
Pifron focuses on several key areas in research,
development, production, and sales. Our primary
focus is on sourcing and importing cutting-edge
textile machinery that meets the highest standards
of performance and quality. We constantly research
market trends, technological advancements, and
customer needs to ensure that we offer the most
innovative and efficient machinery to our clients.
Our production and sales processes are streamlined
to deliver these products to customers in a timely
and efficient manner.
Could you elaborate on the achievements and
collabora ons of Pifron, such as the establishment of
the technology canter, tex le research ins tute, and
dynamic lab?
Pifron (REDFLAG) has achieved notable milestones
and collaborations in the industry. We have
established a technology center that serves as
a hub for research and development activities.
Additionally, we have collaborated with Qingdao
University to establish the “Qingdao University
Tianyi Group - Red Flag Textile Research Institute,”
which further enhances our research capabilities.
Furthermore, we have pioneered the establishment
of a “textile machinery dynamic lab” in cooperation
with the Xi’an Engineering Institute of Technology,
which is the first of its kind in China.
How does Pifron ensure the high performance and
quality of its products, par cularly in the air-jet
looms and roving categories?
Pifron places utmost importance on ensuring the
high performance and quality of our products,
especially in the air-jet looms and roving categories.
We achieve this by partnering with renowned
manufacturers like Red Flag Textile Machinery Co.,
Ltd., which has a proven track record of producing
top-notch machinery. We conduct rigorous quality
control processes and adhere to international
standards. Our products undergo thorough testing
and inspections to guarantee their performance and
durability before they reach our customers.
Can you discuss Pifron’s status as a na onal
high-tech enterprise and its recogni on through
patents and na onal new product designa ons?
Pifron(REDFLAG) holds the esteemed status of a
national high-tech enterprise. This recognition
highlights our commitment to technological
innovationandadvancementinthetextilemachinery
industry. We have been granted numerous patents,
showcasing our dedication to developing unique and
inventive solutions. Additionally, we have several
products that have received national new product
designations, further solidifying our position as a
leader in innovation.
How does Pifron emphasize technical innova on
and maintain a strong quality assurance system,
including cer fica ons like ISO9001:2000, UL, CE,
PIFRON: High
Performance Air-Jet Looms
and Roving machines
Tex le Value Chain Talked with Mr. Vinod Gigani, Director, Pifron,

27. www.textilevaluechain.in 25
SEPTEMBER 2023
and TUV?
Technical innovation and maintaining a strong
quality assurance system are fundamental
principles at Pifron. We continuously invest in
research and development to stay at the forefront of
technological advancements. We have implemented
a comprehensive quality assurance system and
obtained certifications such as ISO9001:2000,
UL, CE, and TUV. These certifications validate our
adherence to international quality standards and
demonstrate our commitment to delivering reliable
and high-quality products to our customers.
What is the extent of Pifron’s interna onal presence
and reputa on, par cularly in countries like India,
Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Southeast Asian regions?
PIFRON (RDFLAG) has a strong international
presence and a solid reputation in various countries,
includingIndia,Bangladesh,Pakistan,andSoutheast
Asian regions. Our products are exported to these
countries, and we have established long-term
relationships with clients in these markets. Our
dedication to quality, reliability, and customer
satisfaction has contributed to our positive
reputation and continued success in these regions.
How does Pifron approach customer coopera on
and uphold the principle of win-win rela onships?
At Pifron, we approach customer cooperation
with a focus on establishing win-win relationships.
We value the importance of understanding
our customers’ needs and strive to meet their
requirements effectively. Our team works closely
with clients, providing personalized support and
guidance throughout the entire process. We aim
to foster long-term partnerships based on trust,
mutual benefits, and shared success.
Can you describe the company’s enterprise style and
spirit, emphasizing prac cality, effec veness, and
con nuous improvement?
The enterprise style and spirit at Pifron emphasize
practicality, effectiveness, and continuous
improvement. We adopt a proactive and
results-driven approach in all aspects of our
operations. Our company culture encourages
teamwork, innovation, and efficiency. We constantly
seek opportunities for growth and enhancement,
ensuring that we remain adaptable and responsive
to evolving market demands.
How does Pifron align its quality objec ves with
customer needs and expecta ons, ensuring that
users’ standards and market standards serve as the
highest quality benchmarks?
Pifron takes a holistic approach to balance quality,
service,andinnovationinitsmanagementapproach.
We recognize that all three elements are crucial to
the success of our business and the satisfaction of
our customers.
To ensure quality, we have implemented rigorous
quality control processes at every stage, from
selecting reputable manufacturers to conducting
thorough inspections before delivering products
to our customers. We prioritize sourcing high-per-
formance and reliable machinery that meets
international standards. Additionally, our adherence
to certifications such as ISO9001:2000, UL, CE, and
TUV further demonstrates our commitment to
maintaining quality.
In terms of service, we prioritize customer
satisfaction and strive to provide exceptional service
experiences. Our dedicated customer support team
is readily available to handle inquiries, provide
guidance, and address any concerns promptly. We
understand the importance of clear communication,
timely delivery, and after-sales support to ensure a
positive customer experience.
Regarding innovation, Pifron continuously invests in
research and development to stay ahead of market
trendsandtechnologicaladvancements.Weactively
seek out innovative solutions and collaborate with
industry partners to enhance our product offerings.
By staying at the forefront of innovation, we aim to
provide our customers with cutting-edge machinery
that improves productivity and efficiency.

28. SEPTEMBER 2023
26 www.textilevaluechain.in
Corporate Speaks
How does Pifron balance quality, service, and
innova on in its management approach?
We take a holistic approach in balancing quality,
service, and innovation by prioritizing quality,
focusing on customer/market needs, empowering
employees, and continuously improvement
How does Pifron handle customer inquiries and
ensure mely responses while maintaining a focus
on quality and con nuous improvement?
Overall, our management approach involves striking
a balance between quality, service, and innovation.
We believe that by prioritizing all three aspects,
we can deliver superior value to our customers and
maintain a competitive edge in the textile machinery
industry.
Handling customer inquiries and ensuring timely
responses while maintaining a focus on quality
and continuous improvement is a key priority for
Pifron. We understand the importance of promptly
addressing customer queries and providing accurate
information.
To achieve this, we have established a dedicated
customer support team that is trained to handle
inquiries efficiently. We emphasize effective
communication and actively listen to our customer’s
needs and concerns. Our team is equipped with
comprehensive product knowledge, enabling them
to provide detailed and accurate responses to
customer inquiries.
To ensure timely responses, we have implemented
streamlined processes and communication
channels. We prioritize prompt communication with
our customers, whether through phone, email, or
online platforms. Our goal is to address customer
inquiries within the shortest possible time frame,
typically within 24-48 hours.
At Pifron, we believe that timely responses go hand
in hand with maintaining quality and continuous
improvement. We value customer feedback and
consider it a valuable source of information for
enhancing our products and services. We constantly
evaluate and optimize our processes to ensure
efficient handling of inquiries while upholding our
commitment to quality standards. By continuously
improving our response mechanisms, we aim to
provide an excellent customer experience that
aligns with our focus on quality and continuous
improvement.
ISFMA – An Ichalkaranji based fabrics manufacturers
associa on once again takes a lead to Organise its 2
nd Edi on of Yarn Expo 2023 – The Trade Bridge on
10 th amp; 11 th October 2023 at Ichalkaranji.
LENZING FIBERS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED is the
main sponsor for the event. Leading Spinners, Fibre
Manufacturers, Fancy yarn producers, Online Yarn
Portals, Importers, Traders etc. around the country
are par cipants to this show.
Ichalkaranji - One of the fastest growing Tex le Hub
of the country, has more than 22000 shu leless
weaving machines in and around the town and with
the promise of doubling the capacity – this area is
just unstoppable. Yarn remains the raw material
to the manufacturing of fabrics and hence there is
fantas c demand of yarn in this market. Looking
at this scenario ISFMA last year orgainsed its first
YARN EXPO 2022 which was a super hit and hence
ini ated ahead for its second edi on.
DKTE is the knowledge partner and TAIMU (Students
Chapter) is the event coordinator for the show.
A very big foot fall is expected for this event by the
Organisers and Par cipants of the show.
Ichalkaranji Shuttleless Fabrics Manufacturers
Association (ISFMA) To Organise
YARN EXPO 2023 IN ICHALKARANJI

29. Yarn Noil
Combed Yarn NE 16’s to 40’s
Combed Compact Yarn NE 16’s to 40’s
Carded Yarn NE 12’ to 30’s
(for Knitting Weaving)
Comber noil
Flat strip
Licker-in
19.HIN.92143
Hohenstein HTTI
Inquiry: +91-9979240389, +919815004417 | sarjil@realprincegroup.com | munish@realprincegroup.com
3 Star Export House
Fabric
Knitted Fabric
Single Jersey
Single Jersey With Spandex/Rib/Interlock
We, vertically integrated manufacturing
Units established in Gujarat, one of the
most progressive states and the cotton
hub of INDIA.
I N D I T E X
Supplying quality worldwide

32. SEPTEMBER 2023
30 www.textilevaluechain.in
Corporate Speaks
The Journey of Astra Tech India
Tex le Value Chin talked with Mr. Hemant Dantkale, Astra Tech India to
understand the journey of star ng a new company in India’s vast Tex le
Machinery landscape.
Can you tell us about your experience working with
DEECO Mechatron for over three decades?
I consider myself fortunate to get the opportunity to
serve in DEECO group for 34 years. Working under
the highly qualified, talented, and very courteous
management team of DEECO. It was a great
experience.
What were some of the most memorable moments
or accomplishments during your tenure at DEECO
Mechatron?
There are many memorable moments and ac-
complishments. Just a few I wish to narrate-- Mr.
Manek Daver, elder brother of our Chairman, sent
me a letter of appreciation from his Japan office
when a 1st new high-speed Combing Machine I
sold to a spun silk unit in 1998. When I sold the
first set of Tubular Knit processing machines, our
Chairman Dr. Minoo Daver came to my cabin
and handed over a cash reward which was a
pleasant surprise. Ethics in business was their
prime principle. One of our principals wanted to
bill the customer for a courtesy visit extended by
their technician. On realizing the rigid view of the
Principal, management decided to terminate the
agency despite good business opportunities for
their product.
How has the tex le machinery industry changed over
the course of your career?
Machinery manufacturing has transformed a lot
with the inclusion of automation, invertors, touch
screen Human-machine interface, high speed, fault
identification and diagnosis, and most important
minimized human intervention. This all has made
machines of high production capacity and improved
quality
Can you describe the process of star ng ASTRA TECH
INDIA?
ASTRA TECH INDIA is derived from carving a huge
list representation of DN Associates for smooth
and ease of operations. So, our firm, DN Associates
now exclusively works for machines and accessories
for long-fibre spinning. In fact, DN Associates
was formed with kind support and guidance from
the management of DEECO Mechatron, for the
continuity of services to most of their representa-
tions, as DEECO wanted to opt out of this business.
What are the core strengths and exper se that ASTRA
TECH INDIA brings to the market?
One-- Only top makers of textile machinery and
accessories and only from Europe. Two-- Our team
of highly experienced and dedicated technocrats is
our core strength.
How do you see ASTRA TECH INDIA fi ng into the
larger tex le machinery industry landscape?
Though ASTRA TECH INDIA is a small and new entity,
the reputation of our world-known Principals and
our efforts to extend excellent services has made
space for itself.
What are some of the biggest challenges you have
faced in your career, and how did you overcome them?
Born and brought up in the remotest village and
started my career as a Service Engineer in City of
Dreams—Mumbai, had challenges in every aspect.
Tried my best to work with sincerity and honesty
made me overcome those challenges.
How has your previous experience at DEECO
Mechatron prepared you for your role as CEO of
ASTRA TECH INDIA?
My erstwhile employer --DEECO Directors, their family
members, and the management team were kind to
offer opportunities, caring, and respecting human
beings. Their trust, confidence, and responsibilities
reposed in me have helped me immensely to work
as CEO of ASTRA TECH INDIA.

33. For QUALITY Products from Europe and EFFICIENT Services in India
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We represent in India the following Textile Machinery Accessories manufacturers for
Technical Textiles :
LACOM GmbH, Germany : Hotmelt Laminating and Coating Systems – Multi
Purpose, Multi Roller, Gravure Roller and Slot Die for complete range of
Technical Textiles (Website: www.lacom-online.de)
MORCHEM S.A.U., Spain : PUR Hotmelt Adhesives for Technical Textiles, Solvent
Based, Water Based adhesives, cleaners and primers. (Website:
https://www.morchem.com/markets-and-solutions/textile-lamination/ )
Fibres, Waste Recycling Nonwovens :
Margasa, Spain: Textile Hard Waste Recycling Lines -complete with preparation,
cutting, Storage, feeding, tearing, filtration and fiber packing. Peripheral
equipment, for nonwovens waste. Complete lines for “Airlay Nonwovens” with
thermo or resin bonding. Cotton Waste Cleaning Lines.
(Website: http://www.margasa.com)
FARE' S.p.A., Italy : Complete Lines for Spunbond / Meltblown nonwoven
products /complete line to produce all type of fibers including mono and
bicomponent including PET and PET fibers. Machines for producing Tapes and
Rafia (website : www.farespa.com)
Conventional :
Mariplast Spa, Italy : All type of Yarn Carriers for spun and filament yarns -
Cylindrical Tubes, Roving Bobbins, Ring Frame Bobbins, Cones and one time use
and Reusable Dye Tubes (Website: www.mariplast.com)
C + L Textilmaschinen GmbH, Germany : Reeling (Yarn Hank Forming) Machines,
steaming, Bulking and Banding Machines for yarns ( Rep.for Western and
Southern India) (Website: www.croon-lucke.com)
Contact : ASTRA TECH INDIA E-mail : Website: www.astratechindia.co.in
Contact :Mr. Hemant Dantkale / Mobile : 98201 06018 / E-mail:hdantkale@astratech.co.in
:Mr.Gaurav Dantkale / Mobile : 8451031732 / Email : info@astratech.co.in
HEAD OFFICE:
709, Rajhans Helix 3, L.B.S. Road, Ghatkopar (West), MUMBAI – 400 086
Regd.Office:
C-801, Ashok Odyssey, Near Damodar Park, L.B.S Road, Ghatkopar (West), MUMBAI – 400 086
Branch Office: Coimbatore: Mr.Karthik Babu /9043016560 mail: Coimbatore@astratech.co.in

34. China
Germany
India France
Korea Taiwan Italy
160+ brands from
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12 – 14 September 2023
Jio World Convention Centre
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– a dedicatedpavilion
and conference on medical
textiles will be co-organised by
The South India Textile Research
Association (SITRA)
Techtextil India Symposium’s
will bring forth a conference
on Geotextiles and India’s
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A power-packed
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36. SEPTEMBER 2023
34 www.textilevaluechain.in
Corporate Speaks
Can you tell us about Capximize?
Capximize is a global digital platform for
manufacturing companies. At Capximize we are
connecting manufacturing companies with each
other. We help Indian manufacturing companies
utilize their manufacturing capacities in a better
way. We enlist their capacities in our platform, then
with our proprietary algorithm, we recommend
the right manufacturing partners to our registered
members. We have manufacturing capacity
providers who are Indian Manufacturers but the
seekers are worldwide, global companies. So large
multinational organizations who need Indian
vendors can use our platform.
Currently, we are covering five sectors, textile,
pharma, electronics, auto components and
chemicals. Apart from that we are also actively
working to generate enquiries for our members.
That way we are providing them additional business
opportunities. Also, as this is a global platform we
are also providing global visibility to MSME sectors
of India.
How can companies register on your pla orm?
Both entities which are on the platform, the first
Indian manufacturers, who are providing their
capacities, have to register on the website (www.
capximize.com) and log in as Capximizer, which is
our own term which we use for capacity providers.
They have to provide their capacities and additional
requirements like any certifications, ISO in case of
the pharma sector, they have WHO certificate, all
these things they can upload on the platform. Also,
the second kind of entity is seekers. So, seekers are
the global companies, which can be MNCs, MSMEs
or even startups who do not want to invest in a
manufacturing setup. They also have to register on
the website and register themselves.
For both of these entities to register they only need
three things: Email ID, Phone Number and GST.
How do you verify the companies to avoid any
complica ons in the future?
For the verification process, using our proprietary
algorithm, we use its inbuild mechanism to verify
GST, email ID and phone number through the OTP
process. Also, our platform is hosted on AWS servers,
which are one of the world’s most secure servers
which ensures our data security 24x7. Also, the data
is not shared with anyone, it is 100% confidential
and encrypted data.
Also, for security purposes for our members, we
have a two-step authentication process, one is
password and the other is OTP. So, no one can hack
and use their data. For GST verification we use the
GST portal.
For large-scale companies or in the case of major
deals, we have tie-up with certain validation
agencies, so these agencies sometimes go and
physically validate plants also, through that we
ensure that the deals, plants and production
capacities are genuine.
Seekers are also verified the same way, if they are
international seekers, in that case, our members can
use one of the validation agencies to verify them.
Their payment capabilities and other things. Also,
Capximize is not involved in any deals, we are just
connecting the seekers and manufacturers. After
Digital connectivity for
Indian Manufacturers;
Interaction with Capximize
Tex le Value Chain talks with Mr Sanjeev Pandey, Zonal Head and Marke ng,
Capximize at Yarn Expo Surat 2023.

37. www.textilevaluechain.in 35
SEPTEMBER 2023
that all the deals happen between two parties, even
the owners are verifying each other. But we still help
them with our agencies.
Currently how many companies have partnered with
you?
We started last year around January-February
2022, so now in 18-20 months, we have already
more than 5200 manufacturing companies with us.
Out of which 4500 are the Indian manufacturers.
As I mentioned we are a very new platform, but in
this short span of time, we have got more than 100
enquiries currently going on. These are the large size
enquiries, the average enquiry size on our platform
will be more than a crore. And we have concluded
more than dozens of deals as of now which are
multi-crore deals. So, we are adding a lot of value
to our manufacturers now. A lot of enquiries have
come into the pharma sector and textile sector, few
of them are in chemicals, electronics and auto parts.
Are there any plans for expansions in the near future?
We have our plans, as I mentioned we are currently
in only five sectors, so one plan is to move into other
sectors through sector expansions. So, we are going
into consumer goods and food products. that’s
one way. The second plan in 2-3 years is to offer
manufacturing capacities from out of India as well.
Currently, we are offering from India only, but in the
future, even foreign companies will also be able to
offer their capacities.
Are you partnering with any associa ons?
This has been our plan from the beginning, we
take a lot of support and help from not only Indian
associations but also foreign and Indian chambers
also. We have taken membership in more than
twenty chambers and associations. Some of them
may be the Indo-France Chamber of Commerce,
New India Chamber, Indo-German Chamber, and
Indian associations like ITMA, Drug Manufacturing
Association, Indian Textile Association, and CMAI,
so these are some of them. We do a lot of seminars,
and webinars with them, we also sponsor their
events and we also do our own events with these
associations and through that we connect with our
members.
SUBSCRIPTION FORM
Name
Email Id
Mobile Number Landline / Alternate Number
Address
Company Name
Designation
Payment Method
Print 1 year 12 issues Rs. 800/- Digital Rs. 500/-
Print 2 years 24 issues Rs. 1500/- Digital Rs. 1000/-
TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN
504, Suchita Business Park, Pantnagar, Ghatkopar (East), Mumbai - 400075, Maharashtra, INDIA.
website : www.textilevaluechain.in, email : sales@textilevaluechain.com, Call/ Whats App : +91 9167986305

39. ƌƚͲzĂƌŶdžƉŽƌƚƐ;/ŶĚŝĂͿWǀƚ͘ƚĚ͘
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‡ /^K͕ 'Kd^͕ 'Z^͕ KKͲdy͕ / ĐĞƌƚŝĨŝĞĚ

41. Growing Exporter of Polypropylene
Multifilament Yarn from INDIA
100% Export Oriented Unit
Production Capacity 5000 Tonnes
per Annum
Proximity from NHAVA SHEVA PORT,
Mumbai
Indospun LLP
1008, Embassy Centre,
Nariman Point, Mumbai -400021
Mr. Suresh Pimpale
s.pimpale@indospun.com
INDOSPUN
Manufacturer of
High Tenacity PPMF
Indospun LLP was formed in 2017
with the idea of providing the best
quality polypropylene multifilament
yarn to the Market.
About US :
www.indospun.com

42. SEPTEMBER 2023
40 www.textilevaluechain.in
Digitization
Expanded Product Offerings
With digital fabrics, tex le businesses
can expand their product offerings
without the need for significant physical
inventory. The ability to showcase a
wide range of virtual fabric op onsand
the commercial data of each fabric with
a digital library enables the crea on of
diverse collec ons and personalized
products, catering to a broader
customer base and capturing new
market segments.
Accessto Global Markets
Embracing digital fabrics opens up
opportuni estocatertoglobalmarkets.
With virtual fabric samples and online
digital libraries, tex le businesses can
reach a broader audience without
geographical limita ons. This expanded
market reach can lead to increased
sales and revenue streams, fostering
interna onal businessgrowth.
Reducing Costsand Saving Time
Tradi onal tex le material crea on
and sampling processes are o en
laborious and resource-intensive.
However, with 3D digital fabric material
crea on, the need for physicalproto-
types is eliminated. This reduc on in
physical sampling not only minimizes
raw materialwaste but also significantly
lowers produc on costs.
By virtually visualizing fabric swatches
and material combina ons, tex le
manufacturers canmake informed
decisions early in the design phase,
mi ga ng the risk of expensive
modifica ons during later stages of
produc on. As a result, the technology
saves both me and money, providing
tex le businesses with improved
cost-efficiency and enhanced profit
margins.
The Impact of 3D Digital
Fabric Material Creation On
Driving Business Growth
The tex le industry is no
stranger to innova on,
con nuously seeking
ways to improve
efficiency, crea vity, and
sustainability. Among
the latest technological
breakthroughs, 3D
digital fabric material
crea on stands out as
a game-changer that
has revolu onized the
tex le landscape. This
cu ng-edge process
empowers tex le
manufacturers and
designers to create
highly realis c virtual
fabric materials, offering
a plethora of advantages
that directly impact
business growth.

43. www.textilevaluechain.in 41
SEPTEMBER 2023
Embracing Sustainable Prac ces
Sustainability has emerged as a driving force in
today’s tex le industry, with brands and consumers
increasingly seeking eco-friendly products. Embracing
3D digital fabric material crea on aligns with this
growing demand for sustainability. By reducing the
reliance onphysical samples, tex le manufacturers
ac vely contribute to minimizing fabric waste and
conserving valuable natural resources.
Promo ng sustainable prac ces not only strengthens a
tex le company’s reputa on but also appeals to envi-
ronmentally conscious brands and consumers, crea ng
new opportuni es forgrowth. As the industry shi s
towards more sustainable approaches, businesses
that adopt 3D digital fabric material crea on can
posi on themselves as leaders in responsible tex le
manufacturing.
Strengthening Collabora on and Supply Chain
Efficiency
In the tex le industry, collabora on and supply chain
efficiency are essen al for seamless opera ons. 3D
digital fabric material crea on facilitates real- me
sharing of virtual fabric samples and designs between
designers, manufacturers, and suppliers, regardless of
their geographic loca ons.
Improved collabora on ensures that everyone involved
in the produc on process has a clear understanding of
the design intent, minimizing errors and discrepancies.
The result is a more streamlined supply chain with
reduced lead mes, enabling tex le manufacturers to
seize market opportuni es swi ly and drive business
growth.
Introducing Fron er.cool: A Fabric Digi za on
Real- me Collabora on Pla orm —Powered by AI
Fron er.cool provides the world’s first AI-powered
fabric digi za on real- me collabora on pla orm,
helping suppliers, manufacturers, and designers
digi ze their fabrics at scale within just 5 minutes—
saving me and money through out the en re fabric-
digi za on journey.
Already trusted by hundreds of APAC suppliers and
vendors, world-renowned fashion brands, and global
designers, Fron er.cool enables anyone to digi ze
fabric materials usinga regular flatbed scanner by
themselves. Scanning can be performed by the user
on-site, elimina ng the wastage of me, money,
resources, effort, and shipping.
Fron er.cool’s cu ng-edge AI and machine learning
technology transforms a fabric image into a digitalma-
terial which includes:
● The fabrics pecifica ons.
● AI-generated metadata (or maps) to ensure the
digital material looks realis c.
● The material’s physical proper es which enable the
digital material to move naturally when placed on
a 3D model.
● Environmental impact data and much, much more.
Once the digital material has been generated, suppliers
can showcase their materials digitally, making it easy
for brands to choose fabrics.
Brands and their designers can select fabric and
plan collec ons in real- me —with team members
involved —to reduce the cost and me associated
with tradi onal fabric shipping processes. There lease
ofnew product lines can be executed in afrac on of the
me.

44. SEPTEMBER 2023
42 www.textilevaluechain.in
Digitization
Sustainability Ma ers
As sustainability takes center stage, transparency
becomes paramount for brands. Mee ng the
demands of regulators, investors, and customers
means enhancing traceability throughout the supply
chain. Unfortunately, the lack of readily available,
scien fically- backed data has hindered brands from
achieving their sustainability goals.
Enter Fron er.cool — the world’s first material
digi za on solu on to provide interna onally verified
environmental impact data es ma ons. Say goodbye
to uncertain es, as Fron er.cool’s cu ng-edge
technology now enables the delivery of material-level
impact measurements with utmost accuracy. From
CO2 emissions to water consump on and even land
use, the environmental impact data is not just
comprehensive but also en rely trust worthy.
Every piece of fabric scanned and uploaded to Fron er.
cool’s Tex leCloud™ pla orm displays the es mated
impact that it has had on the environment. This
informa on is crucial for informed decision-making
right from thevery start.
The Bo om Line
Asthetex leindustryevolves,businessesthatembrace
3Ddigitalfabricmaterialcrea oncangainacompe ve
advantage, cater to changing buyer preferences, and
fuel business growth in an ever- compe ve market.
Join us in embracing this transforma ve technology
and take the lead in driving sustainable change.
Together, we can create a world where fashion meets
responsibility — let’s shape a brighter and greener
future for the tex le industry.
Visit www.fron er.cool for more informa on or get in
touch at vijay@fron er.cool to schedule a demo.
Alterna vely, scan the QR code below.
Dr. Vijay Gotmare, Ph.D.(Tech.),
Hon. FTA Representa ve Director (India)
Fron er.cool Inc., Taiwan
E-mail: Vijay@fron er.cool
Mob:+919833721022
he global rugs and carpet market is valued at
US$ 77 billion in 2021 and has been witnessing
a growth at a CAGR of 4% over the past decade.
The market is expected to reach US$ 95 billion
by 2025 at a CAGR of 5% from 2020 to 20251.
Global Rugs Carpets Market Scenario
Growth of rugs and carpets sector is highly dependent
on the increasing demand for home décor products,
recogni on of carpet as a necessary product instead
of luxury, growth in end- user segments such as
The rug and carpet market is a significant segment of the tex le industry, growing at a steady pace fuelled
by various factors such as changing consumer preferences, rising disposable incomes, technological
advancements, and rapid urbaniza on. In addi on, the use of innova ve materials and technology, along
with the popularity of e-commerce pla orms and online sales channels, are also contribu ng to the growth
of the market.
Global Market
Opportunity in
Rugs and Carpet
T
HomeTextiels

45. www.textilevaluechain.in 43
SEPTEMBER 2023
hospitality, corporate, retail, entertainment, avia on,
etc.
Figure 1:Global Rugs Carpets Market Size (US$ bn.)
Source: Tex le Focus, Floor Covering Weekly, Carpet
Research Ins tute and Wazir Analysis
As of 2021, the global rug market comprises 30% of the
overall market, valued at US$ 27 billion, with carpets
accoun ng for the remaining 70%, valued at US$ 50
billion2
. The largest segments within the global rug and
carpet market are bath rugs and wall-to-wall carpets.
The global trade of rugs and carpets have stood at US$
17 billion in 2021, with tu ed category holding the
highest share of 43%, followed by woven 32%.3
The
synthe c fiber segment dominates the market with
56% share, which is a ributed to its economical prices,
durability, and low maintenance requirements4
.
The USA is the largest market accoun ng for US$ 22
billion in 2021 having 29% market share, followed
by Europe accoun ng for US$ 14 billion for the same
period having 18% share5
. The synthe c fiber segment
dominates the market with 56% share, which is
a ributed to its economical prices, durability, and low
maintenance requirements.
Figure 2: Global Market Size (2021)
Markets Value(US$bn.) Share
USA 22 29%
EU 14 18%
Turkey 9 12%
China 7 8%
Japan 4 6%
India 4 6%
Australia 4 5%
ROW 12 16%
Total 77
Source: Wazir Analysis
More than 85% of the demand for carpets and rugs
in the US is met by domes c manufacturing, with
the remaining 20% being fulfilled through imports.
According to the Carpet Rug Ins tute (CRI), the state
of Georgia alone accounts for over 45% of the world's
carpet supply. Interes ngly, the top four countries
that produce carpets are also the top four markets for
carpets in the world.
India Rugs Carpets Market Scenario
The growth of Indian market of rugs and carpets is
steadily accelera ng over last 10 years and the trend
is expected to con nue. Rugs and Carpets market of
India stands at US$ 1.2 billion in 2021, growing at a
CAGR of 3% since 2011, with rugs having a largest share
of US$ 900 million and carpets holding a value of US$
280 million6
. Carpet market is yet to fully develop as
majority of households do not use wall to wall carpets.
Their usage is concentrated in corporate, hospitality,
avia on and entertainment industry.
Most of the demand is concentrated in low and
economy segment with very low product prices. The
demand across segments is growing but India remains
a price sensi ve market. An important character of
Indian market is that almost 80-85% demand is catered
to by unorganized, unbranded segment.
Figure 3:Indian Market of Rugs Carpets (US$ Mn)
Source: Sta sta and Wazir Analysis
The market is segmented by product type into tu ed,
woven, needle-punched, kno ed, and others. The
tu ed and woven rug segments are the most popular
types of rugs and carpets, accoun ng for a significant
share of India's exports. Wool-based carpets are also
highly sought a er with India having a rich tradi on of
producing beau ful and durable woolen carpets.
India’s export India’s rugs carpets export stood at

46. SEPTEMBER 2023
44 www.textilevaluechain.in
HomeTextiels
US$ 2.2 billion in 2021, growing at a CAGR of 6% since
2011. Natural fibre based rugs carpets such as of
wool, co on, jute, etc. are majorly exported from India.
India’s exports of tu ed carpets is gretaer compared to
other rugs and carpets segments.
Industry Dynamics
The global market for rugs and carpets is undergoing a
rapid evolu on, providing companies with the chance
tobroadentheircustomerbaseandenternewmarkets.
In order to seize the immense opportunity available in
the global rugs and carpets market, companies must
priori ze product innova on, quality, and design. They
must also adopt modern manufacturing processes
and technologies to enhance their compe veness
and efficiency in the global market, and focus on
sustainability and eco-friendliness to keep up with
changing customer demands. Addi onally, there are
several trends observed in the industry that can be
leveraged are:
• Increasing demand for eco-friendly and sustainable
products
Sustainability concerns is causing shi towards envi-
ronmentally friendly and circular fibres like recycled
pet, nylon, PP. Rugs made out of nylon wool are
losing their market share to polyester PP rugs,
respec vely due to price considera ons.
• Increasing demand for customized rugs and carpets
Customers are becoming more interested in
personalized products, and this presents an
opportunity in the rug and carpet industry.
Customizedrugsandcarpetscancatertothegrowing
demand. Customers can choose the size, colour, and
design of the rug or carpet they want, and a product
that meets their specific requirements can be
created. This can help market players differen ate
themselves from their compe tors and increase
customer loyalty.
• Growing demand in emerging markets
Emerging markets, such as India present a massive
opportunity in the rug and carpet industry. The
middle class in these countries is growing, and with
it, the demand for home decor products, including
rugs and carpets. Industry can leverage this
opportunity by entering these markets and offering
their products to the growing customer base.
• Technological Advancements
Due to price considera on, there has been a shi
from handmade rugs to machine made rugs.
Conven onal dyeing processes are being replaced
withdopedyed/solu ondyedyarndyeingprocesses
saving water.
In conclusion, the global market opportunity for
rugs and carpets is a promising one, with increasing
demand from both residen al and commercial
sectors. As the world becomes more conscious of the
need for sustainable and eco-friendly products, the
rug and carpet industry has responded by innova ng
and producing environmentally conscious materials.
With the rising demand of stylish and func onal
floor coverings and growth of the global economy,
manufacturers have the chance to expand their reach
beyond their tradi onal markets and cater to a wider
audience. It is clear that the rug and carpet industry
is poised for con nued growth and success, as long
as it stays a uned to changing consumer needs and
preferences.
Source:
1 Tex le Focus, Floor Covering Weekly, Carpet Research Ins tute and
Wazir Analysis
2 Wazir Analysis based on published reports, global trade data and
primary research
3 UN Comtrade and Wazir Analysis 4 Source: UN Comtrade and Wazir
Analysis 5 Source: Wazir Analysis
6 Sta sta and Wazir Analysis

47. More Than
Years of
EXPERIENCE
25,536
SPINDLES
Manufacturing
Vivekanand Industries
Vivekanand Industries
56 DR
56 DR
Capacity 60,000 Bales
Capacity 60,000 Bales
[165 Kgs/Bale]
[165 Kgs/Bale]
Vivekanand Cotspin LLP
Vivekanand Cotspin LLP
32 DR
32 DR
Capacity 35,000 Bales
Capacity 35,000 Bales
[165 Kgs/Bale]
[165 Kgs/Bale]
Raw Cotton : S-6, J34, MECH-1, MCU-5 DCH-32
We can also supply Raw Cotton from Australia, Africa (East West), Brazil and USA.
Cotton Waste : Comber Noil, Flat Strips, Licker-In, Sweeping, Roving and Hard Waste.
Raw Cotton :
Cotton Waste :
S-6, J34, MECH-1, MCU-5 DCH-32
We can also supply Raw Cotton from Australia, Africa (East West), Brazil and USA.
Comber Noil, Flat Strips, Licker-In, Sweeping, Roving and Hard Waste.
Cotton Yarn
Manufacturing from our Spinning Unit –Vivekanand Cotspin LLP with 25,536 Spindles.
• Our inclination towards supreme quality production is reflected in all our
practices, right from procurement of raw materials up to production and
delivery of the products.
• Blow room to Ring frame from LMW with 100% Compact.
• Link Coner: Muratec qpro plus, all made in 2016.
• Our spinning unit is equipped with world class facilities and our machinery
has been secured from reputed suppliers in India, Japan and Switzerland.
• We have our Yarn Production Capacity of 25-30MT/Day.
Certifications
Products Range
Open End Counts
NE 6's to NE 24's with
1600/1700/1800 CLSP.
Ring Spun
Combed and Carded Compact
Single/Double (TFO)
Yarn for Hosiery Weaving.
Counts: 12's to 100's 100% Cotton Yarn.
Survey No. 185/1, Thol Road, Kadi,
Rangpurda, Dist. Mehsana-382715,
Gujarat, India.
702, 7th Floor, Fortune Business Hub,
Science City Road, Sola, Ahmedabad-380060.
Gujarat, India.
C O T S P I N
(3★ Export House) (Spinning Mill)
Bangladesh Malaysia
Hong-Kong Japan
Indonesia
China Egypt Italy
UAE
Thailand
S. Korea Vietnam
Pakistan Taiwan
Sri Lanka
Portugal
With an industry experience of more than 25 years, we
understand client's interest and requirements
locally and internationally, which itself is a reason for
making us one of the leading exports business entity to
deal with the overseas clientele.
Currently the company is exporting to its best quality
products and our overseas markets stand right from
Japan in the East to Latin America in the West.
We are also exporting across the following countries like.
Exports Trading
Our Group of Companies :
VIVEKANAND INDUSTRIES
AMBICA COTSEEDS LTD.
VIVEKANAND COTSPIN LLP
AVADH COTTON INDUSTRIES
BALAJI OIL MILL GINNING PRESSING FACTORY
AMBICA INTERNATIONAL LLC (USA)
Overseas Offices :
Australia
Benin
Sudan
UAE
USA

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49. www.brueckner-textile.com
FASCINATING TEXTILE MACHINERY
ACHI
IN
N
N
N
N
N
NE
E
E
E
E
E
ER
R
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Digitize your
processes!
Visit us in Mumbai
TECHTEXTIL INDIA
12 – 14 September '23
Pavillon 3 · Booth M34

50. SEPTEMBER 2023
48 www.textilevaluechain.in
CorporateViews
t The Yarn Bazaar, we
recognise the immense
value of a nurturing
company culture, where
employees are encouraged to thrive
and discover their own unique paths
to success. Our progressive policies
ac vely foster an environment that
cherishes individuality, unlocks
crea vity, and empowers every
team member to unleash their full
poten al without the constraints of
excessive conformity.
For starters, we believe that
crea ng a posi ve and welcoming
first impression for new employees
is crucial. That’s why, unlike most
companies, we schedule the first
day of work on Saturdays instead of
Mondays. We want our newcomers
to have the weekend to reflect
on their ini al experience and to
share their excitement with their
loved ones at a company-sponsored
dinner on the same day.
To help new employees quickly
bond with their colleagues, our
HR department has a though ul
tradi on in place. On their first
day, each new team member
receives a box of chocolates, which
they distribute while introducing
themselves to the rest of the office!
This sweet gesture not only fosters
connec ons but also sets the stage
for a warm and inclusive work
atmosphere.
Company Culture at The Yarn
Bazaar: Promoting Collaboration
and Creativity in Our Workplace
By: Pra k Gadia, Founder and CEO, The Yarn Bazaar
In today’s ever-evolving
corporate landscape, company
culture has long been dismissed
as a so and secondary aspect
of business, o en overshadowed
by the more tangible metrics
such as profit and loss.
However, the post-covid
world has brought about a
profound shi in thinking,
promp ng a reevalua on of
these conven onal no ons.
We have come to realise that
what was once considered a
mere a erthought is, in fact, a
crucial element that significantly
impacts an organisa on’s
success. The belief that there is
a ‘one size fits all’ approach is
slowly losing its sheen, making
room for a more enlightened
perspec ve—one that
champions flexibility and places
trust in our employees’ agency.
A

51. www.textilevaluechain.in 49
SEPTEMBER 2023
To further strengthen our team’s camaraderie and
build a robust company culture, we organise regular
game nights featuring sports like football and
badminton. Addi onally, our weekly tribe sessions
offer opportuni es to engage in insigh ul discussions
on compelling case studies and other educa onal
topics, fostering con nuous learning and growth.
And to tackle the dreaded “Monday Blues,” we host
fortnightly movie mornings, ensuring our team starts
their week with high energy and mo va on. Recently,
we screened the inspiring movie ‘Air’ on Ne lix, which
tells the story of Nike’s partnership with the legendary
basketball player Michael Jordan. Also, we try to ensure
that team bonding isn’t just limited to the office; we
recently organised an overnight camping trip where
we played various team sports and games like paintball
and cricket.
During office hours, we encourage the team to eat
lunch together, promo ng a sense of unity and
encouraging cross-team interac ons. We even have
spontaneous jam sessions that bring out the hidden
musical talents among us, making our workplace
vibrant and enjoyable.
Most importantly, flexibility is at the core of our work
environment. Employees have the freedom to clock
in and out at their convenience, as long as they fulfil
their daily working hours. Our flexible work hours are
complemented by a one-hour lunch break, providing
ample me for relaxa on and rejuvena on. We also
have other features in our office such as a state-of-the-
art, fully automa c full-body massage chair to ease
muscle tension and provide relaxa on during work
hours.
When it comes to work-life balance, we offer
work-from-home each month, ensuring our team
members can balance personal and professional
commitments effec vely. More importantly, we also
understand the importance of taking care of our
team’s well-being. That’s why we have an excellent
leave policy, fully paid maternity leave and paternity
leave. Employees can carry forward or even encash
their unu lised leaves, encouraging them to take
much-needed breaks when required.
Finally, we believe in recognising and rewarding our
team’s dedica on and commitment. To align our
employees’ interests with the company’s success, we
offer ESOPs (Employee Stock Ownership Plans) to all
teammembers,givingthemastakeintheorganisa on’s
growth.
Overall, our commitment to fostering a posi ve and
empowering company culture extends beyond words
to tangible ac ons that nurture our team members’
well-being and inspire them to reach their fullest
poten al.

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56. SEPTEMBER 2023
54 www.textilevaluechain.in
Market Report
Value in Million US$
Country Jan-Apr 2022 Jan-Apr 2023 Growth
World 32296.62 29835.41 -7.62%
China 8554.75 7094.59 -17.07%
Bangladesh 7535.44 7064.53 -6.25%
Turkey 4164.93 3594.96 -13.68%
India 1802.13 1810.16 0.45%
Cambodia 1121.15 1058.48 -5.59%
Vietnam 1291.00 1335.05 3.41%
Pakistan 1255.42 1161.06 -7.52%
Morocco 1065.42 888.41 -16.61%
Sri Lanka 531.18 440.05 -17.16%
Indonesia 425.72 391.73 -7.99%
Quantity in Million KG
Country Jan-Apr 2022 Jan-Apr 2023 Growth
World 1420.14 1200.73 -15.45%
China 352.73 278.48 -21.05%
Bangladesh 443.83 388.43 -12.48%
Turkey 157.57 118.70 -24.66%
India 74.64 68.55 -8.17%
Cambodia 51.54 44.31 -14.04%
Vietnam 43.30 40.16 -7.26%
Pakistan 86.13 75.93 -11.84%
Morocco 34.64 27.35 -21.04%
Sri Lanka 18.64 14.28 -23.43%
Indonesia 14.97 11.34 -24.23%
Unit Price (USD value/KG) In US$
Country Jan-Apr 2022 Jan-Apr 2023 Growth
World 22.74 24.85 9.26%
China 24.25 25.48 5.04%
Bangladesh 16.98 18.19 7.12%
Turkey 26.43 30.28 14.57%
India 24.14 26.41 9.38%
Cambodia 21.75 23.89 9.83%
Vietnam 29.81 33.24 11.50%
Pakistan 14.58 15.29 4.90%
Morocco 30.76 32.48 5.61%
Sri Lanka 28.49 30.82 8.19%
Indonesia 28.44 34.54 21.44%
Source: eurostat
EU Apparel Import

59. Presently we are selling to more than 40 countries, our major business comes from countries like – Bangladesh,
China, Portugal, Sri lanka, , Vietnam, USA, Chile, Peru,Thailand, Poland, Korea. We also have a domestic
division, which suppliesyarn to our clients within India. We are facilitating approx 18~20 containers
per month in Exports and approx 400 tons per month in our domestic business.
sumitsinghal.sspl@gmail.com +91 98370 94847
Soft Yarn for Blankets, Bath Mats Hand Knitting:
Ne 6/2/3, Ne 6/2/4, Ne 4/2,Ne 4/4, Ne 6/2
133-A NAND NAGAR, INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, PHASE - II, KASHIPUR DESTT. UDHAM SINGH NAGAR,
UTTRAKHAND - 244713
PRODUCT RANGE
We are working with brands like HM, IKEA, INDITEX and many more
100% Cotton Open End Knitting Yarn:
Ne 8/1, 10/1, 12/1, 14/1, 16/1, 20/1, 24/1, 26/1, 30/1
Open End for Weaving / Denim:
Ne 4/1, 6/1, 7/1, 8/1, 10/1, 12/1, 16/1, 20/1
Industrial yarns:
Ne 20/4, 12/4, 6/6, 10/8
Double OE Yarn for Weaving:
Ne 4/2, 4/4, 6/2, 6/3, 8/2, 10/2, 10/3,12/2 16/2
Cotton/Polyester Open End yarn:
Ne 6/1, 7/1, 8/1, 10/1, 12/1, 16/1, 20/1, 24/1, 30/1
Cotton/Viscose Open End yarn:
Ne 6/1, 7/1, 8/1, 10/1, 12/1, 16/1, 20/1
Cotton/Bamboo Open End yarn:
Ne 6/1, 7/1, 8/1, 10/1, 12/1, 16/1, 20/1
Cotton/Excel(Lyocell) Open End yarn:
Ne 6/1, to Ne 26/1

60. SEPTEMBER 2023
58 www.textilevaluechain.in
Review Paper
By *Muhammad Imran-ul-Haq, **Nisar Ahmed Jamil, ***Nasir Mahmood
MATERIAL AND METHOD
The present research study “ compara ve study
of crosrol card MK5D versus modified card MK6
for ul mate effect on sliver and yarn quality” was
conducted in the Department of Fibre Technology,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and at the Shams
Tex le Mills Limted Chiniot, during the year 2005.
The process details and methods applied to record
the effect of different number of sta onary flats
at front and back carding zones with changing the
cylinder speed. The raw co on MNH-93 samples were
condi oned in the standard atmosphere before actual
physical tes ng. Co on used for this inves ga on was
of the following physical characteris cs.
Staple length = 27.17mm
Uniformity ra o = 46.72percent
Fineness = 4.73 micrograms/inch
Short fibre content = 19.47%
Trash content = 7.5 percent
The following changes were made at card and record
its effect on sliver and yarn quality
No of
back (pre)
sta onary flats
No of front
(post)
sta onary flats
Cylinder speeds
(rpm)
B1 = 5 F1 = 5 C1 = 500
B2 = 4 F2 = 4 C2 = 600
B3 = 3 F3 = 3 C3 = 700
Sliver specimen of 72 grains/yard thus prepared at the
MK5D and MK6 (Crosrol) cards were fed to the breaker
and finisher draw frames (TOYDA-DYH-500, JAPAN,
1989) and then fed to the simplex machine (FL-16,
Japan, 1989) and ul mate to the China AGM-128 ring
frame, for the prepara on of yarn samples keeping
the en re machine se ng constants. Finally the PC
blended yarn with blend ra o (52:48) of 30’s carded
was spun with T.M 4.3 from 0.85 hank roving.
YARN CHARCTERISTICS
The yarn of 30s prepared at each se ng was subjected
to the following physical tests.
Yarn Count
Yarn count was determined through Uster Digital Auto
Sorter-III linked with computer system IBM, which
gives direct reading. A lea of 120 yards was fed to
the computer to determine English count according
to instruc ons laid down in its opera onal manual
recommended by ASTM (1997a).
Yarn Lea Strength
Lea strength tester was used to find the yarn lea
strength in pounds. The lea of 120 yards was fed to the
instrument according to the method recommended by
ASTM (1997b).
Count Lea Strength Product (CLSP)
The product of count and lea strength was calculated
by mul plying the count value with the respec ve lea
strength value of yarn.
CLSP = Yarn count x Lea strength
A comparative study of Crosrol card
Mk5d versus modified card Mk6 for
ultimate effect on sliver and yarn quality
ABSTRACT: The carding segments prior to the revolving flats exert a large impact upon sliver
yarn quality. It ensures opening, thinning out, spreading out uniform distribu on of fibre
flocks over the total surface area of the cylinder. Thus using these addi onal carding segments
reduces the number of imperfec ons. Hence an inves ga ve study has been planed to evaluate
the sliver and yarn characteris cs

62. SEPTEMBER 2023
60 www.textilevaluechain.in
Yarn Single End Strength
Yarn single end strength calculated with Uster Tensojet,
whichappliestheprincipleofconstantrateofextension
(CRE) for tes ng. CRE describes the simple fact that
the moving clamp is displaced at the constant velocity.
As a result the specimen between the sta onary and
moving clamp extended by a constant distance per
unit me and the force required to do so is measured.
The breaking tenacity is calculated from the peak
force, which occurs any where between the beginning
of the test and the final rupture of the specimen. The
procedure adopted is given in detail ASTM Standard
(1997a).
Sta s cal Analysis
The data thus obtained was analyzed sta s cally as
suggested by Steel and Torrie 1980) using M-Stat
microcomputer sta s cal program as devised by Freed
(1992).
Atmospheric Condi ons
All the tests of card sliver and yarn were performed
under standard atmospheric condi ons which were
maintained at 65 + 2 percent rela ve humidity and 20
+2°C temperature.
RESUTLS AND DISSCUSSION
Yarn lea strength
The analysis of variance of data regarding yarn lea
strength is shown in Table-1.This table shows the highly
significant effect of back (B) and front (F) sta onary
flats upon yarn lea strength while significant effect
of cylinder speed (C). The B x F also generates highly
significant effect upon the data while all other possible
interac ons i.e B x C, F x C and B x F x C remained
non-significant. The mean values pertaining to the
lea strength at B1, B2, B3 are 111.88 lbs, 109.64 lbs,
109.00 lbs respec vely. These results shows highly-sig-
nificant difference with each other and fully correlated
by Anonymous (1986) who found that the system with
some fixed flats improved fibre transfer from main
cylinder to doffer and thereby leads to improve in
yarn quality. Similarly Cha ah (1994) stated that the
system with fixed flats improved the lea strength value
of yarn. Likewise Rusca (1970) reported that increase
in short fibre degrade yarn strength, uniformity and
appearance. In general yarn strength decreased about
1.0 percent for each 1.0 percent increase in short fibre.
The individual comparison of treatment means for
mean lea strength of front sta onary flats (F) for
different numbers are recorded as 110.65 lbs at F1,
110.27 lbs at F2 and 109.59 lbs at F3 shows in Table-1(a)
. These values show a highly significant difference to
each other, and fully correlated by Cha ah (1994) who
stated that the system with fixed flats improved the lea
strength value of yarn. Sasser (1991) found that
Table-1. Analysis of variance for yarn lea strength
S.O.V D.f S.S M.S F. Value Prob.
Back sta onary flats (B) 2 205.409 102.704 47.2176 0.0000**
Front sta onary flats (F) 2 26.062 13.031 5.9909 0.0034**
Cylinder speed (C) 2 14.033 7.017 3.2259 0.0436*
B x F 4 93.888 23.472 10.7911 0.0000**
B x C 4 9.569 2.392 1.0999 0.3605 NS
F x C 4 16.384 4.096 1.8831
B x F x C 8 39.771 4.971 2.2856
Error 108 234.914 2.1775
Total 134 640.03
Table-1(a) Comparison of individual treatment means
for yarn lea strength
B Mean F Mean C Mean
B1 = 111.88 a F1 = 110.65 a C1 = 110.14 b
B2 = 109.64 b F2 = 110.27 b C2 = 110.58 a
B3 = 109.00 c F3 = 109.59 c C3 = 109.79 c
Note: Any two values not sharing a le er in common
differ significantly at µ=0.05 level of probability
Table-1(b) Comparison for the Interac on B x F for
yarn lea strength
F1 F2 F3
B1 = 112.38 a 111.81 b 111.44 c
B2 = 110.71 d 110.64 e 107.55 I
B3 = 108.87 g 108.36 h 109.78 f
** = Highly Significant
* = Significant
NS = Non-Significant
Review Paper

64. SEPTEMBER 2023
62 www.textilevaluechain.in
Review Paper
fibre strength is a useful predicator of yarn strength. As
Sheikh (1991) who concluded that the fibre proper es
such as length, uniformity of length, fineness,
fibre strength, and elonga on along with spinning
condi ons contribute to yarn strength. Likewise Lord
(1993) men oned that yarn strength was significantly
affected by yarn irregularity.
The individual comparison treatment of means values
of cylinder speed (C) for yarn lea strength are shown
in Table-1(a). The maximum mean value of yarn lea
strength 110.58 lbs is recorded at C2, followed by the
value110.14 lbs at C1 and the lowest value 109.79 lbs
at C3, which shows these values are clearly significant
to each other for yarn lea strength as describes by
Simpson (1972) expressed that a slight decrease in
strength and elonga on as carding rate increased.
Ahmad (2002) men oned that the modern high-speed
machinery has resulted in over all quality. In the same
trend Zafar (2005) narrated that the lea strength is
an important property of yarn, which is maximum at
op mum speed of cylinder.
The individual comparison of mean values concerning
to yarn lea strength due to interac on of back and front
sta onary flats B x F represented by Table-1(b) The over
all range of yarn lea strength is 107.55 to 112.38 ponds.
The best value is obtained under the combina on of
B1F1 (i.e maximum sta onary flats at front and back
carding zone), which is 112.38 pounds followed by the
combina onsB1F2andB1F3withavalueof111.81and
111.44 pounds respec vely. As stated by Anonymous
(1986) who found that the system with some fixed flats
improved fibre transfer from main cylinder to doffer
and thereby leads to improve in yarn quality. Similarly
Cha ah (1994) stated that the system with fixed flats
improved the lea strength value of yarn.
Yarn Count Lea Strength Product (CLSP)
The sta s cal analysis of variance and comparison of
individual mean values for count lea strength product
are shown in Table-2 and Table-2(a). These results
indicate that the back sta onary flats (B), cylinder
speed (C) shows highly significant for count lea strength
product while cylinder speed (C) shows significant
effect upon the CLSP. All possible interac ons remained
non- significant for cont lea strength product.
Duncan’s mul ple range test Table-2(a) for comparison
of individual mean values for count lea strength
product of back sta onary flats (B). The maximum
value 3366.22 hank is obtained when we use maximum
number of flats B1 at back carding zone. Then followed
by 3328.11 hanks at B2 and the lowest value 3293.11
hanksisobtainedatB3whicharetheminimumnumber
of sta onary flats at back carding zone. These results
are fully correlated by Cha ah (1994) who depicted
that the addi onal carding segments (fixed flats)
significantlyimprovedthecountstrengthproductvalue
of yarn. In the same trend Schlichter et al. (1996) who
stated that improved pre-opening of co on fibres the
cylinder could posi vely influence the quality of yarn.
Likewise Klein (2000) found that the carding segments
between the licker-in and cylinder the flats improved
dirt and dust elimina on, improved untangling of
neps, preserva on of cylinder and flats clothing and
produced be er quality of yarn. Booth (1983) stated
that the count lea strength product value was used to
derive an index by which the spinning quality of co on
or spinning efficiency of a par cular spinning system
was judged. It was noted that as the count of yarn
becomes finer the count lea strength product value
falls. Bel-Berger and Hoven (1997) expressed that
CLSP value decreased as short fibre content and c.v
percentage increased.
The values of individual means for count lea strength
product at different number of sta onary flats at front
carding zone are shown in Table-2(a). The maximum
value of CLSP count lea strength product found 3341.77
hanks at F1 (used more number of flats), followed by
the value 3327.88 hanks at F2 and the lowest value is
3317.77 hanks at F3 (used minimum number of flats),
these values are highly significant for count lea strength
product and sa sfies the following statements. Cha ha
(1994)concludedthattheapplica onoffrontfixedflats
system on the front side of the main cylinder results in
be er fibre parallaliza on and hence overall upgrade
in sliver and yarn quality. Amjad (1999) narrated that
the longer fibre higher would be the yarn strength and
shorter fibre lower the yarn strength.

68. SEPTEMBER 2023
66 www.textilevaluechain.in
Review Paper
Table-2. Analysis of variance for yarn Count lea strength product
S.O.V D.f S.S M.S F. Value Prob.
Back sta onary flats (B) 2 120339.970 60169.835 34.3414 0.0000**
Front sta onary flats (F) 2 13066.759 6533.379 3.7289 0.0272*
Cylinder speed (C) 2 21689.106 10844.553 6.1894 0.0029**
B x F 4 1549.465 387.366 0.2211
B x C 4 1280.678 320.170 0.1827
F x C 4 217.430 54.357 0.0310
B x F x C 8 672.679 84.085 0.0480
Error 108 189227.484 1752.106
Total 134 348043.271
** = Highly Significant * = Significant NS = Non-Significant
Table-2(a) Comparison of individual treatment
means for yarn cont lea strength product
B Mean F Mean C Mean
B1 = 3366.22 a F1 = 3341.77 a C1 = 3334.00 b
B2 = 3328.11 b F2 = 3327.88 b C2 = 3341.66 a
B3 = 3293.11 c F3 = 3317.77 c C3 = 3311.77 c
Note: Any two values not sharing a le er in common
differ significantly at µ=0.05 level of probability
The individual comparison of treatment means for
cylinder speed reveled that the maximum value
3341.66 hanks at C2 (at op mum cylinder speed),
followed by the value 3334.00 hanks at C1 and the
lowestvalue3311.77hanksisrecordedatC3(maximum
cylinder speed). It can be inferred from these results,
the CLSP value is remarkably reduced at maximum and
minimum cylinder speed but the best value is obtained
at op mum cylinder speed as stated by Nadeem (1993)
who concluded that slower cylinder speed give be er
yarn strength than higher cylinder speed. Arshad
(1993) noted that the count lea strength product
decreases with the addi on of short fibres. Similarly
Ahmad (2002) who narrated that modern high-speed
machinery has resulted in over all quality. In the same
trend Zafar (2005) suggested that at op mum cylinder
speed the CLSP values is higher than slow the cylinder
speed or higher the cylinder speed.
Yarn Single End Strength
The sta s cal analysis of variance and comparison of
individual mean values for count lea strength product
are shown in Table-3, Table-3(a).These results indicates
that the back sta onary flats (B), cylinder speed (C)
shows highly significant for yarn single end strength
product while cylinder speed (C) shows significant
effect upon the single end strength. The B x F also
generates highly significant effect upon the data while
all other possible interac ons i.e B x C, F x C and B x F x
C remained non-significant.
The mean values pertaining to the lea strength at
B1, B2, B3 are 422.91 gms, 414.43 gms, 412.04 gms
respec velypresentedinTable-3(a).Theseresultsshow
highly significant difference with each other. These
resultsindicatesthesingleendstrengthofyarnishigher
when we use more number of sta onary flats at back
carding zone because fibres are more open and short
fibres are eliminate easily in large quan ty. Schlichter
et al. (1996) stated that improved pre-opening of
co on fibres the cylinder could posi vely influence the
quality of yarn. Similarly Klein (2000) found that the
carding segments between the licker-in and cylinder
the flats improved dirt and dust elimina on, improved
untangling of neps, preserva on of cylinder and flats
clothing and produced be er quality of yarn.
Duncan’s mul ple range test for comparison of
individual mean values of sta onary flats (F) at front
carding zone for yarn single end strength shows in
Table-3 (a)
The mean values in respect of single end strength
obtained as 418.28 grams , 416.84 grams , 414.26gms
at F1, F2, F3, respec vely. These results shows that
the front sta onary flats have highly significant effect
on yarn single end strength. The best value of yarn
single end strength is recorded at maximum number
of flats. As stated by Mushataq (1989) who narrated

70. SEPTEMBER 2023
68 www.textilevaluechain.in
that the increase in short fibre content cause the
increase in neps and reduc on in spinning efficiency,
yarn strength, elonga on and evenness. Likewise
Ahmad (2003) indicates that the short fibres indirectly
influence the single yarn strength that is by increasing
the short fibre content.
Duncan’smul plerangetestforcomparisonofindividual
mean values of cylinder speed (C) shows in Table-3(b).
The results of yarn single end strength recorded as
416.34 grams, 418.01grams, 415.03grams at different
cylinder speed that is C1, C2, C3, respec vely. These
results show that the cylinder speed has a significant
effect on yarn single end strength. At higher speed
(C3) the fibres breakage occur and short fibres content
increases due to this single end strength is decreases
and at lower cylinder speed (C1) single end strength is
also lower but at op mum cylinder speed single end
strength is maximum. As stated by Nadeem (1993) who
concluded that slow cylinder speed gave be er yarn
strength than higher cylinder speed. Similarly Zafar
(2005) men oned that maximum single end strength
is found at op mum speed of main cylinder.
Table-3. Analysis of variance for yarn single end strength
S.O.V D.f S.S M.S F. Value Prob.
Back sta onary flats (B) 2 2934.735 1467.368 48.5663 0.0000**
Front sta onary flats (F) 2 372.324 186.162 6.1615 0.0029**
Cylinder speed (C) 2 200.522 100.261 3.3184 0.0399*
B x F 4 1341.486 335.371 11.100 0.0000**
B x C 4 136.716 34.179 1.1312 0.3457 NS
F x C 4 234.154 58.538 1.9375 0.1094 NS
B x F x C 8 568.234 71.029 2.0509 0.0227 NS
Error 108 3263.081 30.214
Total 134 9051.251
Table-3(a) Comparison of individual treatment means for yarn single end strength
B Mean F Mean C Mean
B1 = 422.91 a F1 = 418.28 a C1 = 416.34 b
B2 = 414.43 b F2 = 416.84 b C2 = 418.01 a
B3 = 412.04 c F3 = 414.26 c C3 = 415.03 c
Note: Any two values not sharing a le er in common differ significantly at µ=0.05 level of probability
Table-3(b)Comparison for the Interac on B x F for
yarn single end strength
F1 F2 F3
B1 = 424.80 a 422.66 b 421.25 c
B2 = 418.50 d 418.24 e 406.56 I
B3 = 411.52 g 409.61 h 414.98 f
The interac on of B x F is presented in Table-3(b). The
over all range is 406.56 to 424.80 grams of yarn single
end strength. The best value is observed under the
combina on of B1F1 that is 424.80 grams followed
by combina ons B1F2 and B1F3 with the 422.66 and
421.25 grams respec vely. Anonymous (1986) who
found that the system with some fixed flats improved
fibre transfer from main cylinder to doffer and thereby
leads to improve in yarn quality. Similarly Cha ah
(1994) stated that the system with fixed flats improved
the single end strength of yarn.
CONCLUSION
Installing the more sta onary flats at back and front
carding zones co on fibres are more open, eliminate
short fibres, neps content, trash content, comb the
fibres and hence over all improve the quality of sliver
and yarn. In case of polyester fibres back sta onary
only open the fibres and feed the material uniformly
to the cylinder, and the front sta onary flats comb
and parallalize the fibres and remove the crimps of
polyester fibre. So MK6 card (crosrol) is be er than
MK5d (crosrol) card
In case of cylinder speed the quality of sliver and yarn
** = Highly Significant
* = Significant
NS = Non-Significant
Review Paper

72. SEPTEMBER 2023
70 www.textilevaluechain.in
Review Paper
was not detoriate at Op mum (moderate) speeds of
main cylinder.
LITRATURE CITED
Ahmad, T. 2002. Compara ve study of latest and
technological improvements in cards upon sliver and
yarn quality. M. Sc. Thesis, Dep . of Fibre Technology.,
University of Agri., Faisalabad.30-57
Ahmad, S. 2003. Op miza on of yarn quality by
reducing fibre breakage through adjus ng draw
frame variables on the basis of AFIS evalua on. M. Sc.
Thesis, Dep . of Fibre Technology, University of Agri.,
Faisalabad:33-98
Amjad, M. 1999. Rela onship of co on proper es and
yarn proper es. Textech. Millinium Issue. Nat. Coll.
Text.Engg. Faisalabad: 102-104
Anonymous. 1986. English card clothing Co. World.
Text. Abst. 18(6):529
Arshad, M. 1993. Effect of short fibre percentage
on the quality of co on yarn at ring frame. M. Sc.
Thesis, Dep . of Fibre Technology., University of Agri.,
Faisalabad: 41-96.
ASTM Commi ee 1997b. Standard test method for
test of single yarn strength, rupture per kilometer
and elonga on. ASTM Designa on D.2256-66. ASTM
Standard on Text. Mater. Amer. Soc. Test. And Ma er.
Philadelphia, USA.
Bel-Berger, P. and T. V. Hoven. 1997. Effects of
mechanical cleaning on co on fibres. Part 3 Effects of
card wire condi on on white specks.Text. Res. J. 67(12):
857-865.
Booth, J. E. 1983. Yarn dimensions. Principles of tex le
tes ng and quality control. Newness, Bu er Worths,
London, 4th
Ed: 1380-1468.
Bri sh Standards. 1985. Determina on of lea count
strength product of spun yarn, Methods of test for
tex le, B. S. Handbook 11 Bri sh Standards Book.,
London.:141-142
Cha ha, A. A. 1994. Compara ve evalua on of
conven onal VS modified card equipped with fixed
flats. M. Sc. Thesis, Dep . of Fibre Technology.,
University of Agri., Faisalabad:65-80.
Faqir, M. 2000. Sta s cal methods and data analysis.
Kitab Markaz Bawana bazaar, Faisalabad: 306-313
Freed, R. D. 1992. M-Stat. Micro Computer Sta s cal
Program. Michigan State, University of Agriculture,
Norway 324-B. Agriculture Hall, East Lausing, Michigan
Lausing, USA.
Gill, U. D. 2000. Influence of yarn count and some
kni ng variables upon the quality of double knit fabric.
M. Sc. Thesis, Dep . of Fibre Technology., University of
Agri., Faisalabad:43-50.
Klein, W. 2000. A prac cal guide to Blow room and
Carding 2nd
Ed 2nd
vol. Manual of Tex le Technology.
The Tex le Ins tute. Manchester UK: 44.
Lord, P. R. and G. Grover. 1993. Roller dra ing. The
Tex le Ins tute, Manchester, UK. J. Tex. Inst. 84 (4):
314-318
Mushtaq, A. M. 1989.Effect of short fibres in co on
on yarn quality and spinning performance. Pak. Tex. J.
46(5): 28-31.
Nadeem, M. A 1993. Effect of card cylinder speed on
the quality of sliver and co on yarn. M. Sc. Thesis,
Dep . of Fibre Technology., University of Agri.,
Faisalabad:35-56
Rusca, R. A. 1970. Co on fiber proper es. Southern
regional laboratories. New Orlean. Co on Growing
Review 47: 206-216.
Sasser, P. E., F. M. Shofner and M. G. Townsend.
1991. Interpreta ons of single fibre, bundle, and yarn
tenacity data. Text. Res. J. 61(11): 681-690.
Schlichter, S. and F. Leifeld. 1996. The new dimension
in cards. (Paper presented at the Beltwide Co on
Conference, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Sheikh, H.R. 1991. Tensile strength. An important yarn
quality indicator. Pak. Text. J. 46(11):12-19
Simpson,J. 1972.Rela onshipbetweenminorityhooks
and neps in the card web. Text. Res. J. 42(10):590-597
Zafar, A. 2005. Effect of revolving flats direc on and
some other carding parameters on the quality of
co on sliver and yarn. M. Sc. Thesis, Dep . of Fibre
Technology., University of Agri., Faisalabad.29-52.

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Review Paper
Introduc on
The name nanofibre or nano tex le
is derived from the nanometer. It is
a scien fic measurement unit which
represents a billionth part of one meter,
or two to four atoms wide. The NSF
(Na onal Science Founda on) defines
nanofibres as having a diameter of less
than one micron or less than that.
Nanofibres are a part of nonwoven
industries. These tex les are an
exci ng new class of tex le material.
These nanofibres are used for several
non apparel applica ons such as
filtra on, medical applica ons, wipes,
insula on, energy storage, some part
of Informa on Technology and others.
Nanofibres carries special proper es
which make them suitable for an
extensive applica on such as drug
delivery system, transistors, aerospace,
capacitors, ba ery separators and fuel
cells.
There are 2 techniques of producing
nanofibres. One is Electrospinning
process and another is spinning
bi-component fibres. Electrospinning
process is known since 1934 when the
pe on was filed. It is a process that
spins fibres of minimum diameter of 10
nanometer to hundreds of nanometer.
Microscopic advancements such as
scanning electron microscopy has
allowed us to understand the structure
and anatomy of nanofibres. Proper es
of nanofibres depend on polymer,
viscosity, electric field strength, field
uniformity anf DCD i.e., distance
between nozzle and collectors. Today,
the produc on rate of electrospinning
process is low and measured in grams
per hour.
The second technique of nanofibres
produc on is spinning bi-component
fibres. Island-in-a-sea and segmented
pie structures are the bi component
fibresmostlyused.Highforcesofairjetor
water jet are used to split bi-component
fibres. The most o en used fibres are
polystyrene, polycarbonate, nylon, PEO
and water soluble polymers. The ra o
of polymers is commonly 80% islands
Nano-Textiles: Applications
and challenges
Nanofibres are a
part of nonwoven
industries. These
tex les are an
exci ng new class
of tex le material.
These nanofibres are
used for several non
apparel applica ons
such as filtra on,
medical applica ons,
wipes, insula on,
energy storage, some
part of Informa on
Technology and
others. Nanofibres
carries special
proper es which
make them suitable
for an extensive
applica on such
as drug delivery
system, transistors,
aerospace,
capacitors, ba ery
separators and fuel
cells.
Prof. Sayali Bhamare
Head, Dept. of Fashion Designing
K.V.N. Naik College, Nashik