2. COMMUNICATION
The word communication derived from Latin
n. ‘Communis’ & v. ‘Communicare’- “to make common”
It has simplest sense-
Involvement is more for to communicare
It is thus not so much an act/ as a process
It is a fact in the world human beings, animals and plants
3. DEFINITION
It is a process which increases commonality.
-Denis McQuails
It also requires elements of commonality
Language
Shared Culture
Common interest
It brings people together
‘Sadharanikaran’-Sanskrit term denotes common/ commonness
It can be achieved only among ‘Sahridayas’.
4. DEFINITION
Sharing of experiences on the basis of commonness-
- Wilbur Schramm
Its an exchange of ideas, opinions by two or more people
-Newman & Summer
It is the exchange of information and transmission of meaning
- Elihu Katz & Khan
5. COMMUNICATION
It progresses by means of keep in touch
Not just words and music, picture and print, postures etc
Every word catches the some one’s attention
Every sound that resonates upon another’s ear
Its free for animal, birds, nature, air creatures.
Ex: The croaking of frogs-rainy season begins
6. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
It has been classified into several types
In terms of Verbal & Non-verbal
Techno. & Non-technological
Mediated & Non-mediated
Participatory & Non-participatory
In the actual practice, there is much overlapping
Size plays key role in the process.
7. VERBAL & NON-VERBAL
Verbal Communication
-Spoken or Written
Non verbal Communication
- gestures, body language,
facial expression
eye contact and dressing
8. VERBAL & NON-VERBAL
Speech also contains nonverbal elements
It known as paralanguage, e.g. rhythm (beat)
intonation (tone)
tempo and stress. (pitch)
It affects communication most at the subconscious level
It also establishes trust.
written texts include nonverbal elements- handwriting style,
spatial arrangement of words
Use of emoticons to convey emotion.
9. VERBAL & NON-VERBAL
Non-verbal behavior is relied on to judge another’s
attitudes and feelings.
All the non-verbal channels must be engaged during face-
to-face interaction.
Non-verbal behaviors may form a universal language
system.
That are used and understood by people regardless of
nationality.
10. POPULAR TYPES
One common typology relates to the sizes of social group
It ranges from -Intrapersonal,
Interpersonal
Group and the mass
Mass-line communication
Interactive communication
11. INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
It is individual reflection-
contemplation and meditation
Transpersonal comm.-
conversing with the divine, with spirit and ancestors.
This is vital experience in the religious and monastic life.
12. INTERPERRSONAL COMM.
It is face-to-face communication b/w two personals
Dialogues or conversations without the intervention of
another person
It is personal, direct and intimate
It allows the maximum interaction and exchange
It is known as highest and most perfect form.
It is more persuasive and influential
13. INTERPERRSONAL COMM.
It takes within its compass words.
Body movements
Physical characteristics
Body odors and clothes
It involves the sharing common space and time.
14. INTERPERRSONAL COMM.
It conducted on the basis of focused and unfocused
interactions
Most of the interpersonal communication is unfocused
nature
15. STAGES OF INTERPERSONAL COMM.
It has three stages i.e. The phatic stage
The personal stage
The intimate stage
16. GROUP COMMUNICATION
The larger the group has less personal/ intimacy
Complex process
Monology
Less participation
More misunderstanding
Feedback is unfair
17. MASS COMMUNICATION
Group communication is extended by mass comm. tools
Modern Mass Media tools: Books, The press
Cinema, Radio
TV, Video & Internet
Traditional community media: Folklore
18. MASS-LINE COMMUNICATION
Talk to the masses termed as mass-line communication
-Mao Zedong
The essence is personal experience
Respect for the peasant's knowledge
Non-manipulative information
19. INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION
Communication via the new media
Ex. Mobile, Computers, electronic mails
Point-to-Point communication system
It can also approximate to the all
It is asynchronicity-sends/receives at one’s convenience