This document contains notes on various Spanish grammar topics including: - The difference between que and cual - Uses of ser and estar - How to conjugate the imperfect tense - Common expressions using gustar, hacer, and reflexive verbs - Forming commands and using verbs like ir, poder, and querer followed by an infinitive - How to conjugate verbs in the preterite past tense The document provides examples and explanations for each grammar concept.

1. Maria Lind
2nd period

2. Table of Contents
 Que vs cual
 Ser- Doctor Ped
 Estar-helping
 Gustar
 Transitions
 Imperfect
 Triggers
 Acabar de + inf
 Hacer expressions
 Verbos gustar
 Relexive
 Tu commands
 DOP and placement
 preterite

3. Que vs. Cual
Que Cual
 Used when asking for  Usually used before “es” and
definitions other Ser forms when not
 Mostly used before nouns seeking a definition
 Singular and plural forms are
the same

4. Ser
 Description: Que es?
 Origin: De donde es?
 Characteristics: Como es?
 Time: Que hora es?
 Occupation: Que hace?
 Relationships: Quien es?
 Possession: De quien es?
 Events: Cuando/Donde es?
 Dates: Que dia es hoy?

5. Estar- helping:
temporARY CONDITIONS, LOCATION, FEELINGS
Haber (to have)
 Va a haber viento.
It's going to be windy.

6. Gustar
 Fascinar
 Faltar
 Enchantar
 Importar
 Interesar
 Dueler

7. Transition words
 Tambien- also
 Primero- first
 Segundo- second
 Finally- finalmente
 Lastly- por último

8. Imperfect
Ir Ser Ver
•Iba •Era •Veía
•Ibas •Eras •Veías
•Iba •Era •Veía
•Íbamos •Éramos •Veíamos
•Ibais •Erais •Veíais
•Iban •Eran •Veían

9. Triggers
 Todos los días
 A menudo
 A veces
 Siempre
 Cada día
 Los lunes
 Generalmente
 Mientras
 De vez en cuando
 Muchas veces
 frecuentemente

10. Acabar+ De+ infinitive
 Acabo de
 Acabas de
 Acaba de
 Acabamos de
 Acaban de
Ex. Acabo de comer unas papas fritas y me duele es
estómago.

11. Hacer Expressions
 Hace + time + que + conjugated verb
- How much time you have been doing something.
- Ex. Hace trienta y cinco minutos que Paula espera el autobús.
 Hay + que + infinitive
What needs to be done or what must be
Ex. Hay que estudiar para sacar buenos notas.
 Se prohibe + infinitive
se permite + infinitive
Ex. Se prohibe fumar.
 Ir + a + infinitive
What someone is going to do
Conjugate Ir and leave what they are going to do in infinitive form

12. verbos
 Acostarse
 Caerse
 Cortarse
 Lastimarse
 Quejarse
 Relajarse
 Sentirse

13. Reflexive
 Verb that shows a subject and object are the same
 Subject is both a doer and receiver of an action
 “se is attached to the end and placed before conjugated
form of the verb
-me -nos
-te -os
-se -se

14. Tu commands
 Negative tu commands
• Tu commands irregulars
-don’t eat it Di
Haz
no lo Ve
comer
Pon
No lo comas Sal
Se
Ten
ven

15. DOP and placement
 Conjugate and pair a model verb with an infinitive to
get a new meaning
 Ir+a+infinitive
 Poder+infinitive
 Querer+infinitive

16. Preterite
 Past tense
 “snap shot” in time
 Beginning and/or ending
 Completed action