CT, BM AND MEASUREMENT 1

1. 1
SITE VISIT REPORT
MEASUREMENT I (QSB 60104)
– Sr Ang Fuey Lin
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY I (BLD 60104)
– Ms Azrina Binti Md Yaakod
BUILDING MATERIALS (BLD 62003)
– Ms Myzatul Aishah Binti Kamarazaly
Name: YAP FOONG MEI
Student ID: 0324867
Intake: AUGUST’16
Semester: ONE

2. 2
INTRODUCTION
This is an assignment that involves Building Materials, Construction Technology 1 and
Measurement1where everystudent mustwrite andproduce constructionsite report.
The construction site visit was held on 22nd
November 2016 and located at Taman Impian
Murni (Lot 3607), Jalan TanjungBalai (LorongHaji Yusof),Seksyen30, 40460 Shah Alam, Selangor.It
was organized by our lecturers who Sr Ang Fuey Lin, Ms Myzatul Aishah Kamarazaly and Ms Azrina
Md Yaakob.
Taman Impian Murni is built on a Malay Reserved Freehold land comprises of 42 units of
housing. Designed for the needs of the Malay ethnic group, buyer can choose either 2 to 3 storey
terrace house comprisesof 4to6bedroomswith3to4 bathrooms.The range of the layout isbetween
1950 square feetto2683 square feet. The designof the houses isceilingtoceilingheightwhichmean
11 feets from the ground. This is developed by Khas Perkasa Sdn Bhd (Subsidiary of Purcon Sdn
Bhd)andthe completiondate will be atJune of 2018. The constructioncost aroundRM 11 million.
The aim of doing site visit is to make sure student can describe,explain and understand the
method and process of construction in accordance to the sequence of work on site. For this report,
we are requiredtostudyona concrete framedbuilding.
LOCATION
SITE PLAN
FLOOR PLAN

3. 3
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 2
CONTENTS 3
OBJECTIVES 4
TECHNICAL OBSERVATION 5-6
PHOTOS AND DESCRIPTION 7-9
CONCLUSION 10

4. 4
OBJECTIVES
 Understand the basics of the construction process and witness the usage of construction
equipment’sonsite includingmechanical plants.
 Exposure toactual workingenvironmentonsite includinguncertaintycircumstances.
 Gain more basicsof the constructionprocessthroughasite visit.
 Increase personal knowledge of the construction process by listening the professional’s
briefingandgatheringall the informationcarryonsite.
 Explore andidentifyvarioustypesof buildingmaterialsandtechnologyon site.
 Explore the type of buildingmaterialsandtechnologyuse the constructabuilding.
 Awarenessof the importance of safetyonsite andunderstandingof safetyproblemsand
site conditions.
 Recognize the measurableitemsforsubstructure andreinforcedconcreteframeworks.

5. 5
TECHNICAL OBSERVATION
Before the visit,every student must attend a whole day talk for application of green card of
constructionsite.Basically,itisa talkthat tell uswhat to doand what notto do whenyouare at site,
the safety of construction site and more. As we are still in semester 1, it is very important for us to
know the safety and dangerousness of site. Through this talk, I have learnt how important is safety
because one minormistakemaycause youaseriousinjuryorevendeath sowe mustputsafetyatthe
firstplace whenwe are at the site.
Few days before the visit, Sr Ang has reminded every student to wear appropriate clothing
andfootwearforthe sitevisit.We are veryluckytomeetaverykindcontractorwhoprovide thesafety
helmettous.She alsoaskedusto fill inanindemnityformtogetouremergencycontactnumberand
to registerwiththe designatedsite managementorsupervisorystaff.Ourseniorsalsogave sometips
whichare bringmosquitoesrepellent,sunblock,wettissue,andmedicine if we have alongsince this
isthe firsttime we are goingto site visit.
On the day of site visit,we are requestedtomeetat the site at 8.30am and we needto find
own transport as our lecturercouldn’trequestbusfor us from Taylor managementdepartmentdue
to some reasons. I car pooled withTeow Kah Yan, Maeve Lim, Shum Wen Jun and Yeo Gin Faye and
we arrivedat8.00am whichare the earliestone.Beforewe entertheconstructionsite,theygave each
of usa newsafetyhelmetwhichisquitesurprise usbecause SrAngtoldusthatnormallystudentneed
to prepare theirownsafetyhelmetbuttheyare givingusas a gift.
Duringthe site visit,weare dividedinto2groupssoitis easierforthe contractorstobrief and
take care of us. In a small group, the efficiency is higher as every student can hear clearly what the
contractor said because the site was quite noisy and student at the back will not be left out. The
contractor leading my group is not a quantity surveyor but has a civil engineering background. We
calledhimasYong, he toldus that typical constructionusedcastinsitu.
Concrete framed buildingconsistsof column,beam,slabsandreinforcedconcrete. Thisframe
becomesverystrong,andmustresistthe variousloadsthatacton a buildingduring itslife. The grade
of concrete used isgrade 25.
Slab is a flat plane of concrete and it has two categories which is non-suspended slabs and
suspended slabs. For this construction, their ground floor is a non-suspendedslab which is partially
supported bythe ground,half of theloadhasdisputedtothe groundand theotherhalfistothe beam.
It requires lesser reinforcement bar due to the lesser loading compare to above whichis suspended
slab. The slab in this construction is on ground beam, it is different with the usual one that lecturer
taughtus inclass whichisinbetweenthegroundbeam becausethe soilissofter.Otherthanthat,the
sizesof BRC inslab is reduced.
Inabuilding,itrequiresbothhorizontalandvertical membertosupportand makesitstronger.
The vertical membersare calledas column while beamisthe horizontal members. Columntransfers
loadsfromslabandbeamdirectlytosubsequentsoil.If youdamageabeaminabuilding,itwill usually
affectonlyone floor,butdamage to a columncouldbringdownthe entire building.
Concrete requires no additional fireproofing treatments to meet stringent fire codes, and
performswell duringbothnatural andmanmade disasters.Becauseof concrete’sinherentheaviness,
mass, and strength, buildings constructed with cast-in-place reinforced concrete can resist winds of
more than 200 miles per hour and perform well even under the impact of flying debris. This

6. 6
construction project is done with piling, cover a strip footing as a cap for the piles and it also
subsequentlyactasa beamat the same time.
Itisveryimportanttoknowthe constructionprocessof the reinforcedcementconcrete (RCC)
regardless it is for beam or column because it will cause a building failure. The four stages of
constructingRCCcolumninvolvescolumnlayoutwork,columnreinforcementwork,columnformwork
and finallypouringconcrete intocolumn. RCCcontainssteel barswhichknownas reinforcementbar
or rebar. Concrete is strong in compression, brittle and hard but very weak in tensile strength.
However,steel isstrongerinbothbutitis expensive. Perthe contractor,rebar functionasa skeleton
as a backbone of concrete,it givestensile strengthsoitcan bend a little bitandaccept the loading.If
don’thave rebar in concrete,itwill be crackinga lot,breakingwhichare the signof failure.‘Whynot
using steel for the whole block?’ a student asked. The contractor explained to us that they use
reinforcementbarsispartlydue tothe costandpartlydue tosupport. The final stagesof constructing
RCC ispouringconcrete where the workerswill doaquickcheckingbydoingslumptest.
We observed that they are using clay bricks in between the houses and cement brick within
the house. The contractor told us it is due to the law in Malaysia, firefighting needsat least 2 hours
and clay brick can help to get to this level when it is minimum 150mm. Cement brick has the same
functionasclay brick butit islesscostlyand soundinsulationisnotasgood as clay brickso it ismore
suitable to use within the house. Besides that, usingbrick as the material of wall can avoid termites
and ithas lowmaintenance. Concreteframe structuresare strongandeconomical.Hence almostany
wallingmaterialscanbe usedwith them.Masonrywallsof brick,concrete block,orstone.Whenbrick
or concrete blocksare used,it iscommon to plasterthe entire surface witha cementplastertoform
a hard, long-lastingfinish.
Onthe constructionsite,theycall concrete coverastofuwhichIfoundveryfunnyandIbelieve
that I will neverlearnthisin class. Concrete cover for reinforcementisrequiredtoprotect the rebar
against corrosion and to provide resistance against fire. The thickness of cover depends on
environmental conditionsandtype of structural member.
On a side notes,manypeople incorrectlycalledformworkasfalseworkorthinkboth are the
same.Formworkholdsthe wet concrete in the correct positionuntil the concrete has setand cured.
Falsework is any temporarystructure, in which the mainload bearing members are vertical,used to
support permanent structures, used to support a permanent structure and associated elements
during the erection until it is self-supporting. They use traditional timber formwork due to the it’s
reusable ability,lowproductioncostandhigheravailabilitythansteel. Yongtoldusif formworkbreak
loose, the concrete will flow out and concrete harden very fast so we need to find another team of
contractor tohack the floortoremove the concreteandpayextraforreinforcement.Evenifitdoesn’t
burst out,it will cause honeycomb,loose jointsandweakstructure.Therefore,itisveryimportantto
prepare a pre-checkinglist.
A lintel isahorizontalstructural member overanopening,whichcarries the weightof the wall
above it and avoids the load to goes on the door frame itself. Lintels are usually associated with
windows,thoughsuchstructural membersapplytoanyweight-bearingelementorelementsoveran
openinginawall. If loadgoesonthe doororwindow frameitself,theframe willbendcrashaftertime.
Onthe site,Isawtheyuse sub-frame systemcomprisesasub-frame which iseithercastinoranchored
tothe wall.The mainframe istheninstalledontothe subframeatamuchlargerstage of construction.
Sub frame is a rigid structure formed of relatively slender pieces, joined to surround sizable empty
spaces or non-structural panels, and generally used as a major support in building. They used sub
frame before the constructiondone because windowanddoorisquite costly.

7. 7
PHOTOS AND DESCRIPTION
Precautiononthe site DescriptionBoard Claybrick
Cementbrick Transportingconcrete
ReinforcementBar 2 typesof Brick Wall

8. 8
Explainwhatisconcrete coveraka tofu.Pastingconcrete coveronthe wall.
Lintel andsub-frame of doorandwindow.
Beam Column
Formworkof column Plywoodforformwork Concrete staircase

9. 9
Non-suspendedslab Explaningthe rebarincolumn Drainand pipe
The viewfroma higherplace
Wash the car tyre before leavingthe constructionsite. Temporaryworkeraccomodation.
Before andAfter

10. 10
CONCLUSION
Thisismyfirstsite visitandIenjoyedmyself overthere asIdiscovermanynewthingsthrough
thissite visit.The contractorisveryyoungand he advisedusnotto studyfor exambutforworking.It
will be difficult to construct if we do not prepare well. I felt grateful to have this opportunity to
experience real working space and the environment of construction. Luckily the weather was very
goodbut I knowthe weatherconditionswill be differentandmaybe worse whenIstartto work.
Next, this site visit gave me a chance to experience and learn what I couldn’t gainedduring
class. Through this site visit, I have learnt the importance of safety which is a basic of construction
because one of my friendalmosthit hishead whenhe was walkingtoupstairs.Besidesthat,I learnt
howto identifytypesof constructionmaterial,technologyandmachinery,andtheiruses.Ialsolearnt
a lot aboutconstructionprocessandmethodsthathad quite confusedme whenIstudy.
Lastly, I would like to say thank you to my lecturers for organisingthis site visit. I appreciate
the efforts they gave and the cooperation from the contractors of Subsidiary of Purcon Sdn Bhd. I
learntto be more patientto workina groupof people because teamworkisanimportantelementin
constructinga building.IwishIcouldjoinmore useful sitevisitandprepare abetterme inthe future.