1. GLOBALIZATION AND MIGRATION
OF QUALIFIED LABOR
IREU 406
GLOBALIZATION AND WORLD SYSTEM

2. WHAT IS BRAIN DRAIN?
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3. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF
BRAIN DRAIN
 There are numerous flows of skilled and trained persons from developing to
developed countries.
 In these flows engineers, medical personnel and scientists usually tend to
predominate.
 They are characterized by large flows from a comparatively small number of
developed countries and by small flows from a larger number of developing
countries.
 The migratory trends are stimulated both by the character of national
educational systems by lack and inadequate planning for the training of
students from developing countries, in developed states as well as the
proper utilization of their-skills in their home country etc.

4. HISTORY OF BRAIN
DRAIN
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Albert Einstein

6. REASONS FOR BRAIN
DRAIN
Zoha Naheem, Hıra Noor list as follow;
Lack of scientific tradition and culture
Discrimination in appointment and promotion.
Lack of research and other facilities
Income inequalities
Ten times more earning than home country.

7. REASONS FOR BRAIN
DRAIN
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8. PUSH FACTORS OF BRAIN
DRAIN
Under employment.
Economic under development.
Low wage/salary.
Political instability.
Lack of research and other facilities.
Lack of freedom.
Discrimination in appointment and promotion.
Poor working facilities. Lack of scientific tradition and culture.
Unsuitable institution.
Desire for a better urban life.
Desire for higher qualification and recognition. Better career expectation
Lack of satisfactory working conditions.

9. CASE STUDY
BRAIN DRAIN TO THE UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA

10. BRAIN DRAIN TO U.S.A
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11. PULL FACTORS OF BRAIN DRAIN
TO U.S.A
 Better economic prospects.
 Higher salary and income.
 Better level of living and way of life.
 Better research facilities.
 Modern educational system and better opportunity for higher
qualifications.
 Prestige of foreign training.
 Intellectual freedom.
 Better working condition and better employment opportunities.
 Relative political stability.
 Presence of a rich, scientific and cultural tradition.
 Attraction of urban centre.
 Availability of experience/supporting staff.
 Frequent chances of a lucky break in life.
 Technological gap.
 Allocation of substantial funds for research.

13. Why U.S.A?
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15. For Example Brain Drain;
Interesting fact about India
and Indıans

16. For Example Brain Drain: Important
Turkish Scientist in U.S.A
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17. EFFECTS ON BRAIN
DRAIN

18. POSITIVE EFFECTS FOR
HOST COUNTRY
 People bring technology, skills and new ideas from abroad.
 Higher rate of people starting capital intensive enterprises.
 Money sent are invested in education, housing and health.
 Improved quality of education by insuring international
standards and training.
 Improved competitiveness in host country as international
degrees are held in higher esteem.

19. NEGATIVE EFFECTS FOR
HOME COUNTRY
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20. America’s Immigration ‘’Problem’’
Article
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21. CONCLUSION
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