Its done by Pial Mesba and his team

2. BRAIN DRAIN
A brain Drain is an emigration of trained and
talented individuals to other nations

3. INTRODUCTION
• A situation in which many educated or professional
people leave a particular place or profession and move to
another one that gives them better pay or living
conditions
• Loss of intellectual and technical personnel which causes
gradual consumption of energy or resources.
• Brain Drain is also termed as Human Capital Flight.

4. HISTORY OF BRAIN DRAIN
• The term “Brain Drain" was coined by the Royal Society
to describe the emigration of "scientists and
technologists" to North America from post-war Europe
• In 1960 many British Scientists and intellectuals
emigrated to the North America for better working
climate.

5. CAUSES BEHIND BRAIN DRAIN
Various factors fuel brain drain. The factors can be divided
into two; push factors and pull factors;
Push factor:
Insufficient opportunity for research and higher
study
Difficulty in maintaining standard of living
Political turmoil
Discrimination & Sheer insecurity.

6. CAUSES BEHIND BRAIN DRAIN
Pull factor :
Opportunity to career development
Intellectual liberty
Lucrative economic prospects
Presence of enriched, scientific and cultural tradition

7. CAUSES BEHIND BRAIN DRAIN
Dispersion of different factors affecting brain drain

8. SECTORS OF BRAIN DRAIN IN
BANGLADESH
In Bangladesh there are 4 sectors experiencing brain drain extensively;
 Doctors,
 Teachers,
 Engineers,
 Agricultural researchers.
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
teachers engineers doctors Reseachers
23%
18%
30%
27%
Percentages of professionals in Bangladesh experiencing brain
drain

9. Region and Country Number of immigrants Percent(%)
South Central Asia 3,531,000 27.7
Bangladesh 210,000 1.6
India 2,206,000 17.3
Iran 365,000 2.9
Nepal 110,000 0.9
Pakistan 371,000 2.9
Migration to USA
Distribution of Asian immigrants by region and top country of origin,2014

10. SUFFERING IN BANGLADESH
Nation without scholars
Misuse of state fund
Healthcare losing credibility
Society remains without homegrown
talent

11. Brain gain
o An opposite situation, in which many trained and
talented individuals seek entrance into a country, is
called brain gain.
o This phenomenon is common in developed countries
where people come from many nations for higher
studies and didn’t return back.

12. Reverse brain drain
o Reverse brain drain is a from of brain drain where
human capital moves in reverse from a more
developed country to a less developed country that is
developing rapidly.

13. Effect of brain drain
Positive effect:
Economic effect
Education and innovation.
Negative effect:
Shortage of skills and knowledge
Misuse of state fund
Innumerous problems in public sector

14. Top Remittance-Receiving Countries,2015
US$billions
0 20 40 60 80
Bangladesh
Germany
Pakistan
egypt
Nigeria
France
Mexico
Philippines
Chaina
India
15.8
17.5
20.1
20.4
20.8
24.6
25.7
29.7
63.9
72.2
US$ (billion)

15. Solution to Brain Drain
The following measures can be taken to solve the
problem of brain drain:
 Improved educational standard to reduce the
number of people that studies in developed nations
 Government should promote industrialization
 Provision of employment opportunities
 Improve working conditions
 Increase foreign investments
 Provision of maximum security
 Creating awareness on the need to join hands and
make the world a better place for all.

16. Conclusion