brief definiton filters and perceptioms

1. FILTERS IN COMMUNICATION
Filters are thoughts and ideas that influence our judgement, behaviours
and decision in daily basis
Types of filters :
- Assumptions – without knowing the facts
- Attitudes – what are your firmly held ideas that stem from your life experience?
- Beliefs – what view points do you hold based on your family life. Religion, culture, etc.
- Expectations– what do you believe will happen or what do you want to happen
- Prejudices – what biases do you posses that stem from your family backround, religion, racial and
cultural setting.
- Values – what strongs principles do you hold that derive from your belief physical enciroment,
family background or negative experience.

2. ADDITIONAL FILTERS
Emotional reactions – hearing emotionally instead of logically
Hostility – distorting messages because you’re hearing in anger
Hidden agenda – hearing only what you want to hear or expect to hear.
Defensiveness – reacting as though being critized
Fear – anticipating a reaction ; being afraid to be honest or direct with others.
Jargon and semantics – using “in” words that only make sense to someone in a
certain industry, field, occupation ; phrases that mean different things to different people.
Status – felling less powerful or influential (or more powerful and influential) than the people
with whom we are communicating.

3. PERCEPTION
Perception is a complex process. We use our senses to perceive, but perception
includes more than just the eye, ear alone, more than just the nose or skin also
tongue alone. Perception is the “I” behind the senses.
In other words, our interpretation of events may differ markedly from the actual
events. During the process of perception, we make experience our own.
We can define perception is the process of selecting, organizing and subjectively
interpreting senseory data in a way that enables us to make sense of our world.

4. 5 stages of perception process
STAGE 1 : SENSORY STIMULATION OCCCURS
Selective Exposure
Selective Perception
STAGE 2 : SENSORY STIMULATION IS ORGANIZED
Perception Evaluated
based on rules ,
schemata and scripts
By Creating Schemata
By Invoking scripts
STAGE 3 : SENSORY STIMULATION IS INTERPRETED
EVALUATED
By Rules
Process is subjective
Perception Given Meaning

5. 5 stages of perception process
STAGE 4 : SENSORY STIMULATION IS PUT IN
MEMORY
Cognitive tags
Store for later retrieval
STAGE 5 : SENSORY STIMULATION IS RECALLED
Recall info consistent with schemas
If info very inconsistent, may revise
schemas
Fail into recall info inconsistent with schemas
Stored in scripts and
schemas

6. PROCESSES INFLUENCE PERCEPTION
- IMPLICIT PERSONALITY THEORY
- SELF – FULFILING PROPHECY
- PERCEPTUAL ACCENTUATION
- PRIMACY –REGENCY
- CONSISTENCY
- STEREOTYPING
- ATTRIBUTION

7. BARRIERS TO PERCEPTION
SELECTIVE PERCEPTION :
means only seeing and hearing what we choose
ALLNES :
The erroneous belief that any one person could know
all there is to know about anything
CULTURAL NEARSIGHTEDNESS :
The failure to understand that we do not attribute the same meanings
to similar behavior
FIRST IMPRESSIONS :
The making of initial judgement
STEREOTYPE :
A generalization about people, places, or events held by many
member of society.
PREJUDICE :
A biased, negative attitude toward a particular
group of people
BLINDERING :
The process by which one unconsciously adds restrictions that limit
one’sperceptual capabilities
INFERENCES:
An assumption with varying degress of accuracy

8. HOW TO INCREASE THE ACCURACY
OF YOUR PERCEPTION
TAKE YOUR TIME
BE AWARE THAT YOUR PERCEPTUAL PROCESSES ARE PERSONAL BASED
BE OPEN MINDED