This document discusses climate-smart agriculture, its implementation globally and in Africa, and opportunities for Africa to lead in this area. It defines climate-smart agriculture as agriculture that sustainably increases productivity and resilience to climate change while reducing greenhouse gases. Examples show climate-smart agriculture being implemented at large scales around the world. For Africa to lead, opportunities exist in providing institutional support like climate information services, coordinating agriculture and forestry, creating innovation platforms, influencing policy with African science, and bringing together policy and science to support farmers.