Southwest Porters Five Forces Essay

Southwest Porters Five Forces Essay
EWMBA 299 – Competitive Strategy
Southwest Airlines
Introduction
The domestic US airline industry has been intensely competitive since it was deregulated in 1978. In
a regulated environment, most of the cost increases were passed along to consumers under a fixed
rate–of–return based pricing scheme. This allowed labor unions to acquire a lot of power and
workers at the major incumbent carriers were overpaid. After deregulation, the incumbent carriers
felt the most pain, and the floodgates had opened for newer more nimble carriers with lower cost
structures to compete head–on with the established airlines. There were several bankruptcies
followed by a wave of consolidation with the fittest carriers surviving and the rest being ... Show
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The minimum efficient scale was not very high since airlines could choose to compete in a few
markets, and costs were more or less proportional to the number of flights offered and the number of
markets the airline wanted to operate in. The main consideration for profitable entry seemed to be
the ability of airlines to fill their airplanes above the breakeven point. In an industry fraught with
price competition, brand identity and reputation did not have significant value either. In the airline
industry, exit costs are not very high either. Planes could be easily redeployed to other markets, or
sold off, and gates and landing rights could be sub–leased to other carriers.
Substitutes
There are a number of substitutes to air travel, especially over short distances. These include taking
other modes of transportation such as driving, taking the train etc., or not traveling at all. The use of
technology (like WebEx, NetMeeting, video–conferencing etc.) that facilitates remote virtual
collaboration is becoming a good substitute for business air travel as well.
Supplier Power
The primary inputs to the airline industry include airplanes, labor and fuel. There are only two major
manufacturers (three at the time of the case – Boeing, Airbus and McDonnell Douglas) for large
commercial aircraft. This, along with the relationship specific
Sankar Ram Sundaresan
Page 2 of 7

EWMBA 299 – Competitive Strategy
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What Caused The 981 Airplane Crash
March 3, 1974 a catastrophe occurred outside of Paris. Turkish Airlines flight 981 out of Paris
experienced a chain reaction of unfortunate events, that lead to the eventual crash of the plane, and
the complete fatality of every passenger on board the plane. The DC–10 aircraft, designed by the
plane company McDonnell–Douglas, crashed in a forest 10 minutes after taking off from Paris.
People who have analyzed this accident, have looked into what caused this plane to crash and take
the life of all 346 passengers on board? Among the analysts are three different types of accident
theories that try to explain why the plane crashed and how the crash could have been avoided and
spared the life of hundreds. The High Reliability Organization (HRO), Natural Accident Theory
(NAT), and Social– Technical, are the three theories that are used to explain what causes accidents
happen and how ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
10 minutes after take off the cargo door on the underside of the plane opened and got ripped off. The
cause for this was the locking pins that were supposed to lock in the latch on the plane locked, but
the latch had not latched onto the bar so the plane's cargo door was not locked and due to the g–
force on the plane during takeoff and ascent into the sky the door was compromised. This event
caused a chain reaction of events to occur. After this happened the pressure from the outside
acclimated with the cargo bay which caused there to be too much of a pressure differential between
the cargo bay and the cabin. This caused the floor of the cabin to collapse, which then broke all three
of the control cables. With all the cables torn and broken the pilot lost control of the plane. The
plane then crashed and caused everyone on board to die. The overall crash of the DC–10 could have
been avoided had specific points of failure throughout the plane been fixed by an

Accident Report Involving Human Errors
NTSB Accident Report Involving Human Errors
Abstract
The American Airlines Flight 1420 fatal accident is reported as a runway overrun accident. The
NTSB (National Transportation Safety Board) investigated the accident on what would result in the
accident. This work's basic objective is to put emphasis on the human aspects that resulted in the
accident by applying the Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFCAS). It also
incorporates the Swiss Chess approach to link the series of events that eventually became the set of
events that triggered the accident.
NTSB applied the HFCAS in the analysis of the human factors in the flight, and it was enlightening
to see that it proved on how the fatal even occurred. The HFACS synergized with the Swiss Chess
illustrates the manner in which one occurrence resonates to the other. Also, the model revealed that
the resources and regulations of the company after inadequate monitoring, combined with the
prevalent weather conditions and fatigued flight crew instigated unsafe actions. This includes wrong
judgment and errors that took place before and during the landing of the airplane.
Introduction
The American Airlines Flight 1420 was on its way to Little Rock National Airport on the 1st June
1999. The pilot of the airplane was regarded as an experienced one. NTSB (2001) reports that the
aircraft used in the flight is a McDonnell Douglas DC–9–82 (MD–82). The flight was scheduled to
touchdown at 11:50 P.M. and had an on

Swot Analysis Of Boeing
Summary Company Name: Boeing
Boeing Company, America aerospace company the world's largest that is the foremost manufacturer
of commercial jet transports. It's is also a leading producer id military aircraft, helicopters, space
vehicles and missile a standing significantly enhanced with the company acquisition of the
aerospace and defense units of Rockwell International corporation in 1996 and it's merge with
McDonnell Douglas corporation in1997.Formerly Boeing Airplane Company. The firm assumed its
current name in 1961 to reflect its expansion into fields beyond aircraft manufacture. Headquarters
were in Seattle until 2001/ when Boeing relocated to Chicago.
Boeing History/Background
Boeing Company's constituent business units are organized around three main groups of products
and services commercial airplanes, military aircraft and missiles and space and communications.
Boeing manufactures seven distinct families of commercials aircraft. Which are assembled in two
facilities Renton and Everett in Washington State and one facility in California. The Renton plant
builds the narrow–body Boeing 737 and formerly built the 757 aircraft (discontinued in 2004) while
the wide–body Boeing 767 and 777 aircraft and a limited number of the largely discontinued 747s
are assembled at the Everett plant. The 787 aircraft are assembled at the Everett plant and at a
facility in North Charleston. South Carolina. Boeing Business jets, a joint venture of Boeing and
General Electric Co., makes and markets business jets based on the 737–700 airliner as well as VIP
version of the 747 777 and 787 airliners. The company's military–related activities are centred on
the design, manufacture and support of fighter aircraft bombers. Transport helicopters and missiles
its products include among others. The F–15 Eagle. F/A–18 Hornet and super Hornet and Av–8
Harriet fighters' .The C–17 Globe master III airlifter. The AH–64 Apache series of attack helicopters
The Company also builds the Harpoon ant ship missile. The air–launched standoff Land Attack
Missile (SLAM). And the air lunched cruise missile (ALCM).
Boeing Key Executive
Mr. David L. Calhoun also known as Dave, serves as senior managing Director and Head of private
Equity Portfolio

Flight 981 Case
Douglas from a lot of legal proceedings and lawsuits but eventually the company shuts down.
The crash of the Turkish carrier flight 981 was to be sure a learning knowledge for the whole aircraft
industry and amid the following couple of years, examinations and hearings numerous reports had
surfaced which made it clear that the disappointment of the plane was not as straightforward as it
was thought to be. Every single hierarchical disappointment at each stage and the mixes of every
one of these disappointments and breakdowns delivered awful outcomes and a point to be noticed
that the FAA perceived their duty regarding the carrier business' security, not simply business
achievement and benefit and from that point forward the FAA has settled ... Show more content on
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Hugh stubbins started his firm 20 years before this project and he was very well experienced in the
construction of tall structures and actually it was his first construction "the state road bank in
Boston" where his friendship with the architect of this skyscraper William lemessurier began. Like
all the cliché movies his idea started In an eatery near his office in Cambridge. He fought on his
ideas on how to construct and design the building in such a confined area with the addition of a
church. His eventually got an idea to cantilever to 72 feet which allowed the architect to build the
new church working in the area. The sections would rise to 114

Case Analysis : ' Asiana Flight 214 '
Asiana flight 214 Name Affiliation Asiana flight 214 Introduction As working within aviation
industry requires extraordinary attention and concentration due to being concerned with high risk
rates, human factor tends to be one of wide–spread factors, contributing to the emergence of an
accident. Since the Second World War, much progress has been made in improving aviation safety
with respect to elaborating means of dealing with human factor–related issues. One of most
important developments in this regard is crew resource management that represents a set of trainings
that are used in areas, where human factor can lead to devastating consequences (Wiener, Kanki
&Helmreich, 2010, p.5–6) Nevertheless, human factor–caused issues ... Show more content on
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There were 291 passengers, along with 16 crew members on board. The weather conditions in San
Francisco were good, the weather was sunny, and a visibility was of 10+ miles. The flight, operated
by the pilot, undergoing initial operating experience (pilot flying), was supervised by an instructor
pilot and a first relief officer. Flight 214 was the tenth flight leg for the pilot flying on a Boeing 777.
The airplane was going to land down with 30 degrees of flaps. As it was further stated in the
conclusion, drawn by the Investigation Commission, the preliminary information from the voice
recorder, situated on board, did not contain any testimonies on possible weather or technical
abnormalities. At 500 feet altitude, only a bit more than 34 seconds before the impact, the speed of
the aircraft dropped to 134 kts that was evidently below the target threshold speed. This was the first
abnormality that occurred in terms of the flight. Thereafter, the speed of the aircraft continued going
down and reached 118 knots at 200 feet altitude. At this point, the instructor pilot reported that he
had noticed PAPI lights that allowed him to come to the conclusion that the throttle could not have
maintained actual speed of the aircraft. Only eight seconds before the impact, the throttles were put
forward. Seven seconds prior to it, an attempt to increase the speed was made by crew members.
Nevertheless, the attempt was

United Flight 232 Research Paper
On July 19, 1989 United flight 232, a DC–10 aircraft took off from Denver's Stapleton International
Airport on route to Chicago's O'Hare International Airport. The DC–10 aircraft was manufactured
by McDonnell Douglas. It has three General Electric CF6–6 engines, two that were wing mounted
and one that was tail mounted. The number two engine, located on the tail, had a pre–existing defect
introduced when it was manufactured. It was known as a hard alpha inclusion which causes cracks
to form early in the lifetime of the fan disks. However, the cracks were too small to detect by the
naked eye and overtime grew to a size large enough to bring the plane down on that fatal day. The
fan disks located in the GE CF6–6 engine was initially rated for

Flight 191 Essay
Around 5:56 pm, The Regional Approach Control's Feeder East controller transmitted an all aircraft
message which was received by Flight 191. The message stated in part, Attention all aircraft
listening, there is a little rain shower just north of the DFW airport and they are starting to make ILS
approaches and to tune to frequency 1091 for 17L." (FAA). Around 5:59 pm, the co–pilot
commented, we are going to get our airplane washed, indicating he was conscious of rain between
plane and the runway, 17L at DFW (FAA). By this time Flight 191 was third in line to land on
runway 17L, behind Flight 35, which was a Boeing 727 Learjet 25 and behind them for landing was
American Flight 539, which was a McDonnell–Douglas MD–80. Flight 191 switched over to arrival
control frequency for landing and reported there altitude. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
They acknowledge receipt of clearance. Around 6:02, the approach controller told Flight 191 that
they were six miles out from the outer marker and requested them to turn to 180 to join the localizer
at or above 2,300 feet, and cleared Flight 191 for the ILS approach (FAA). Around 6:03, the
approach controller requested Flight 191 to reduce speed to 160 kts thereafter, around 6:03, they
broadcasted, and we are getting some variable winds out here due to a shower on the north end of
DFW. The transmission was received by Flight 191 and an unknown flight crew member
commented, "Stuff is moving in."(FAA). Around 6:03, the approach controller requested Flight 191
slow to 150 kts and to contact the DFW tower. Flight 191 switched to tower frequency and around
6:03 stated, "Tower, Delta 191 heavy, out here in the rain, feels good." The tower cleared the Flight
191 to land and informed them that, wind was coming from 090 at 5 mph, gusts to 15 mph (FAA).
The aircraft was then configured for landing with gear down and flaps at 33 degrees the landing

A Study On Hawaiian Airlines
Hawaiian Airlines
Karreem L. Lisbon
Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University
This paper will cover information about Hawaiian airlines. Founded in 1929, now in its 87th year of
consecutive service, Hawaiian Airlines is Hawai 'i 's biggest and longest–serving airline, as well as
the largest provider of passenger air service from its primary visitor markets on the U.S. mainland.
Specifically, research to describe the airline, its aircraft fleet, route structure and number of
employees will be provided. Information to determine whether Hawaiian airlines is organized as a
corporation with private ownership or is owned by the national government will be given and
discussed. Also, a brief description of the governmental agency or authority responsible for
regulation of safety, as well as the certification requirements and minimum flight time for the
commercial airline flight deck crewmembers. The governmental agency or authority that is
empowered to regulate the routes flown, rates charged, and other economic aspects of the airline's
flight operations will be identified and discussed. Information will be given on the extent to which
the airline's fleet consists of owned vs. leased aircraft. All accidents involving an aircraft operated
by that airline since 1/01/2000 will be identified to include the probable cause of each. Lastly, labor
relationships of the airline's pilots and maintenance personnel based in the airline's home nation will
be discussed; plus, any

Military Technology
Military Technology Technology in the military has greatly increased strength and eased the ranking
among world powers and effected the development of new military weapons. The term "Survival of
the fittest" means that the strong will succeed but the meek will not, this is the case with military
technology. The U.S. has the best technology in the world, therefore we are the highest military
power. Technology is a very important part of warfare. Technology is driven by the military. The
army's race during the cold war, spawned some of the greatest technical achievements in human
history. Space travel for example is a result of the X–plane project. The Internet was produced by
the military as well. If we stop investing in military ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They were built strongly and carried cannons capable of destroying enemy ships. In today's age, the
aircraft carrier and battleships are the rulers of the sea.
Aircraft carriers were first developed in WWII along with planes. Conventional naval guns were
limited to a range of about 20 miles, but by World War II the aircraft carrier, a ship capable of
launching, recovering, and storing aircraft that could themselves destroy ships had extended the
battle range of surface fleets by as much as 300 miles. In doing so, it had a profound effect on naval
warfare.
The airplane had just begun to go to sea on the eve of World War I. In November 1910 the American
scout cruiser USS Birmingham launched the first airplane ever to take off from a ship, and two
months later a plane was landed on an improvised flight deck built onto the armored cruiser USS
Pennsylvania. In 1913 a British cruiser, HMS Hermes, was converted to carry aircraft. In 1916,
flying–off decks were built aboard several British ships, and by 1918 the Royal Navy had a
converted passenger liner, HMS Argus, that could land and launch planes on a flight deck extending
from bow to stern. The Argus was the world's first true through–deck aircraft carrier and was thus
the prototype for all later carriers. (Britannica).
Aircraft carriers carry a crew of 5500 men along with lots of state of the art technology. From
tracking systems to propulsion, the whole ship is run with technology. The

Tim Kaine : The Junior Senator
Biography Tim Kaine is the junior Senator from Virginia, and was born on February 26, 1958, in
Minnesota, to an ironworker and a high school home economics teacher. Though born in Minnesota,
Kaine grew up in Kansas, and attended an all–boys' Jesuit high school there. After graduating, Tim
Kaine completed his bachelor's degree in economics from the University of Missouri, and went on
to Harvard law school. While in graduate school, Kaine took a year off in order to work as a Jesuit
missionary in Latin America. Upon returning to Harvard, Tim Kaine met his wife, and began
practicing law. He practiced law for seventeen years in Richmond, specializing in representing
minorities and disabled people who had been denied housing. Kaine first ... Show more content on
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Showing the many different regions that Virginians occupy also shows the large range of opinions
that Kaine has to consider in representing his district, illustrating the difficulty of his job, and
accurately representing all the constituents in Virginia.
Virginia is one of the southern states in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States, and is very
diverse, both geographically and demographically. Virginia is around 430 miles long, and 200 miles
wide; it is around 42,769 square miles, making it the 35th largest state in the nation. The mean
elevation in Virginia is around 950 feet above sea level, and the temperature averages from 26.2
degrees Fahrenheit in the winter to 88.4 degrees in the summer.
Source: http://www.netstate.com/states/geography/va_geography.htm (3/9/15)
Showing the five different regions of Virginia helps show its size and diversity. Consequently, this
helps emphasize the difficulty of accurately representing the whole state, especially since urban
areas tend to be more Democratic than rural areas, and this is reflected in the state. Source:
http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural_heritage/natural_communities/ncoverview.shtml (3/11/15)
Virginia is generally divided into five different geographic areas. The easternmost region is the
Atlantic Coastal Plain, which is also called the Tidewater. The Coastal Plain runs from

Skywest Case Study
Dennis Marriott
Strategic Management
Fall 2011
Sky West, Inc.
1. The dominant characteristics of the U.S. regional airline industry are they are mostly controlled
by larger airlines or have a contract with them to secure flights. . Most regional airlines are there for
smaller communities to access a flight to the major hubs. Most of the regional airlines service to
major airports, so they are connected or part of a servicing contract with national airlines, who in
turn are part of the operations of the global airline industry. Smaller aircraft and retired aircraft from
the national and global airline industry are used for regional flights.
3. Post– 9/11 fear of flying, rising fuel costs, seasonal fluctuations, and increased ... Show more
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As major airlines go bankrupt, opportunities to take over the flights and collect on that revenue that
was going to the majors can be realized for Sky West. It can go global. External threats include
rising fuel costs, and limited domestic opportunities.
7. The company's future is promising. Revenues are increasing and its load factor is improving.
Operating expenses are decreasing and compared to other regional airlines, SkyWest offers better
benefits and compensation packages. It is performing efficiently; more so as each year passes.
8. SkyWest, Inc. must seek global markets to enter that allow joint ventures and potential for growth
to strengthen the company's competitive position. I would recommend the management stay on top
of technological advances in aircraft and purchase fuel efficient jets to lower fuel costs. Also, a plan
to consolidate ASA offices with the offices of SkyWest would cut down operating costs.
Dennis Marriott
2. Five Forces Analysis for SkyWest.
Threat of New Entrants. The threat of new entrants is not a strong threat for SkyWest, Inc. because
of its control of distribution channels is high (i.e. service contracts with major airlines), its
proprietary knowledge is high as the company is an established company with experience in the
industry, and capital requirements are high.
Power of Buyers. The power of buyers is relatively

Knowing Why Airplanes Crash Is Important Essay
There are technologies being discussed to improve crash location technologies. They are
improvements to the ULB battery life, an additional low frequency ULB. Another technology is
ADS–B which monitors aircraft position. Crash deployable flight recorders are also being
considered as well as streaming flight data via a satellite. Let's us take a closer look at each
technology. There are several improvements to ULB technology in progress. ULB Battery Life is in
the process of being extended from 30 days to 90 days. There will be an additional ULB attached to
the fuselage which will broadcast at a lower frequency which increases the range the beacon can be
heard. In light of the MH370 tragedy and the lingering doubt over whether the ... Show more
The US Military has had crash Deployable Flight Recorders (DFR) for over twenty years with 110
crashes and 110 successful deployments. In addition to crash data the device incorporates an ELT
which broadcasts the aircraft serial number (Werfelman, Thinking outside the black box). Streaming
data is another technology that has been popularly suggested for use in Locating and accessing FDR
information. After all if we can stream movies in high definition why can't we do the same with the
FDR data? In light of the AF447 tragedy there has been a tremendous amount of research into
aircraft streaming fight data if the aircraft detects a potential crash condition. On September 3, 2010
a UPS 747–400 successfully uplinked flight using a streaming data before a fatal catastrophic crash
due to a cargo fire (Werfelman, Narowing the search). This data was streamed live in real–time to
the UPS command center in Lexington, KY. UPS was aware the flight had inflight fire before the
plane had crash and was aware of when, where and why the flight terminated (BEA). However there
are several concerns about this technology. Pilots are very resistant to

The Accident That Caused The Crash, Kill Two People, And...
AAR11–04 Briefing This is a briefing of the original NTSB report of the accident that occurred on
June 9, of 2009. The reason of this report is to determine the causes which made the aircraft crash,
kill two people, and left another person very badly injured. This report is divided into three sections:
Accident History, Causes of the crash, and recommendations. Overview of accident On June 9,
2009, a Japanese woman made a 911 call from her cellphone. The 911 operators transferred the call
to the New Mexico State Police dispatcher. She told the dispatcher that she was camping with her
boyfriend when she was lost and could not get back; she was scared and feeling cold. Although she
has issues with the English language, she was able to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The weather condition was not perfect at that moment in the Mountains. He did notice strong winds
that could possibly make a dangerous flight. So he offered that to initiate the mission at night with
Night vision goggles, if the wind gets calmer. At approximately the 6 pm, the accident pilot called
dispatch and told her that he just checked the winds and he probably could initiate the mission. The
post–accident interviews show the accident pilot tried to contact another full time pilot, but the other
pilot was unavailable. Therefore for this the accident pilot accepted the mission himself, even after
working a full 8 hours and three previous flights. The dispatcher mentioned that she contacted the
accident pilot with the patrol officer mission initiator. The patrol officer received authorization for
the accident pilot to be a spotter and ok looking for the hiker. After several minutes and flying in
circles trying to locate of the hiker, the pilot received a call from the dispatcher. She mentioned that
the hiker called back and mentioned that she had seen the helicopter pass just above her. With that
information, the pilot went back to the area and finally locates the hiker. The location of the hiker
was not perfect for a good landing, It is for this reason that they choice to land away from the hiker.
As soon the pilot reaches the ground, he quickly looked for the hiker. When the accident pilot
located the hiker he promptly returned to the helicopter,

Investigators And Examples Of Ethical Cases
Investigators and prosecutors are constantly faced with several ethical dilemmas while executing
their duties, which usually put them at a position whereby they have to make critical decisions in
order to avoid a lot of public scrutiny. Some of these dilemmas include administrative discretion and
nepotism. First, investigators and administrators have to maintain the highest levels of discretion
while making decisions regarding particular cases (Padfield & Gelsthorpe, 2012). The question that
many people, therefore, ask is whether these decisions are justified or not. Because they have to
ensure success and maintain their reputation, these people when faced with dilemmas have to
choose between two equally unfavorable options. As Pollock ... Show more content on
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This is an ethical dilemma that has for a long time faced public service officials.
Ethical Dilemmas with Governmental Crime, and Public Corruption in the News.
Most of the news stories today report on several scandals involving high–profile government
officials with corruption being the major criminal aspect. In a news story reported by Thomas, Ryan,
Date, and Cook (2009), one brazen crime occurred in Tennessee whereby the then Hamilton County
Sheriff William Horace was caught on tape taking bribes. Another case is reported by Wines (2014)
whereby Virginia governor Bob McDonnell was indicted on fraud and conspiracy charges. These are
the only few cases among several strings of scandals that have continued to affect the credibility of
public service. According to Wines (2014), since 2000, there are eight governors and former
governors who have been found guilty of crimes. Doss et al. (2013) point out that there are ethical
dilemmas that exist in all these cases. In a way, one would be right to assert that it is odd to haul
politicians and high–profile government officials before judges and prosecutors. Investigators also
have a hard task dealing with such cases especially considering that the persons they are
investigating are of high status in society. This has always created fear among investigators because
they have to make hard choices. The same case applies to prosecutors who feel that ruling a case in
favor of a politician would spark public outcry. However, they

The Jet Engine
MODULE CODE: TH40018E
MODULE TITLE: Introduction to Airline & Airport Management
STUDENT No.: xxxxxxx
HAND–IN DATE: xxxxxxx 2007
Introduction to Airline & Airport Management,
xxxxxxx University.
Academic year: 2006–07
To the attention of: xxxxxxx
Discuss how the jet engine revolutionised the world of commercial aviation and how future
innovations will continue to shape the industry.
This essay shall talk colloquilly about the developments of the jet engine, commercial aviation in
general and how future innovations will continue to shape the industry.
In 1903 the Wright brothers; Wilber and Orville, became the first to run and fly a heavier than air
machine at Kitty Hawk North Carolina in the United States of ... Show more content on
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West Berlin housed one of the Allied settlements, an island surrounded by Soviet controlled
territory. In June 1948, in a bid to control and overthrow the Allied settlement in West Berlin, the
Soviets closed all ground passages to West Berlin, cutting off food and general supplies to the island
region. Allied nations responded by flying food and necessary supplies in via air. This method
proved to be extremely effective, although the settlements in West Berlin were cut off for nearly a
year, daily food and rations fed those who remained. Allied nations realised the importance and need
for more chartered carriers. After the Berlin air lift, the US passed the air deregulation act in 1978
which led to an open–skies policy [Pender, 2001].
It was not until the late 1950's that the jet aircraft really "took off" again with the arrival of the
Boeing 707 and the McDonnell Douglas DC–8, both proving to be hugely successful and the 707

still remains in service today. In 1970 Boeing brought one of the world's most recognised aircraft
into service – the Boeing 747 which seats over 400 passengers. By 1972 Airbus had joined the jet
aircraft market and launched the A300 and only recently stopped production in July 2007. It was
back during the Second World War that the supersonic jet engine was developed; this technology
was later used for the first and only supersonic commercial passenger

Management Styles in the Workplace
Management styles are wide and varied across the entire world of work. The specific type of
management that works for one particular set of workers does not always work for another group of
employees. Almost everyone has come into direct contact with a manager at some point in their
careers. It is the relationship between the employee and the manager that must be keenly developed;
in order for an office, factory, restaurant, or similar organization to run smoothly and effectively.
When an organization is being managed efficiently, workers are much more upbeat, production
levels are optimal, and the overall working environment has a fragrance of positivity. In sharp
contrast, when an organization is ineffectively managed, more times than ... Show more content on
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Little did they understand that through the Teamwork Style of leadership, every member on the team
was able to formulate the plan that was given by the manager to suit their own personal work style;
provided the job was done right. One team–work project in particular was the shipping and
receiving of airplane parts. If one member of the team was more skilled in checking in the airplane
parts, then that would be his assigned task. If another team member was more skilled at distributing
the airplane parts throughout the plant then they would be assigned that specific job. If one of the
team had a problem or concern about the job project, then the other team members would make
positively sure that they were helped before they went to the manager. This approach helped
immensely to show that team work is an effective way of getting a large project done with relative
ease. The team concept also helped to increase the awareness of team members to fellow team
members. If team members are helping each other on a daily basis, then eventually they will begin
to think as a collective team; not as individuals who happen to have similar jobs. Conflict resolution
is the next huge next step that we will deal with concerning the team work concept. If one of his
employees had a problem or concern with something that was work or personally related, he always
maintained a wide–open door policy with his team

Human Factors From United Airlines Flight 173 And Flight 232
The aviation industry has emerged to be one of the more efficient and safest way to travel across the
world. Taking in consideration that there are thousands of people that have car accidents across the
United States daily and sadly some of them end up being fatal. When an aircraft accident happens, it
is normally that followed and investigated by several government and federal agencies in order to
take all the details, human factors and determing factors that contributed to the accident. Given that
more than 70% of the aircraft accidents are caused by human error, it is important for the FAA and
the NTSB to conduct the investigation to determine if human factors were present and to issue
recommendations that will prevent more accidents from the same nature. On this case study, it will
be discussed two flights that from United Airlines Flight 173 and Flight 232. On both occasions, we
can see the CRM skills taken by the flight crew managing an aircraft emergency landing and it will
be taken the consideration the proper action and improper coordination taken by the captain.
According to the Skybrary (2017) " Crew Resource Management – is the effective use of all
available resources for flight crew personnel to assure a safe and efficient operation, reducing error,
avoiding stress and increasing efficiency."(para.1) This training was developed NASA in 1979,
which its main focus was to improve aviation safety through communication, problem solving,
decision making, teamwork,

John Richard Boyd Essay
Born in Erie, Pennsylvania on January 23, 1927, John Richard Boyd had a humble upbringing. In
late 1944, Boyd enlisted in the Army Air Corps as a junior in high school where he later became an
F–86 pilot having his first combat deployment in the Korean War, 1953. He graduated from the
University of Iowa with a Bachelor's degree in economics and later also completed an industrial
engineering Bachelor's degree from Georgia Tech. Though COL Boyd is credited with minimal
combat missions and zero kills, he revolutionized aerial combat tactics and developed the OODA
(observe, orient, decide, and act) loop which is still used in aerial combat today. After graduating
high school and enlisting in the United States army, John Boyd's first assignment ... Show more
COL John Boyd's theory on the Elements of Warfare divided warfare into three different categories:
moral warfare, mental warfare, and physical warfare. Moral Warfare was basically defined as
defeating and reducing the enemy's will to win. The overarching concept behind the moral warfare
portion was the destruction of moral bonds that allow an organization to maintain continuity (defeat
the spirit of the group consciousness). Mental Warfare was the battle waged against the enemy's
perception of reality through channels of disinformation, restricting communication, and destroying
information infrastructure. Essentially, the mental warfare portion was the manipulation of the
enemy's perception reducing force effectiveness. Finally, Physical Warfare was the utilization of
physical resources like weapons, munitions, people, and logistical assets. These three combined
factors; moral warfare, mental warfare, and physical warfare together were Boyd's core
subcategories which created his Elements of Warfare. According to Robert Coram, in his book (The
Fighter Pilot who Changed the Art of War) regarding COL John Boyd's Elements of Warfare,
interviewed then Vice President Dick Cheney who credited COL John Boyd's Elements of Warfare
theory "...responsible for America's swift and decisive victory in the Golf

Alaska Airlines Flight 261
Alaska Airlines Flight 261 was departing from Puerto Vallarta, Mexico to Seattle, Washington, with
a layover stop at San Francisco, California on January 31, 2000. The aircraft was a McDonnell
Douglas MD–83 and had 5 crew members and 83 passengers on board at the time of its accident. It
was nearly 4 hours into the flight when it crashed into the Pacific Ocean near Anacapa Island,
California. All of the passengers and crew members perished. The cause of the accident resulted
from an "inflight failure of the horizontal stabilizer trim system jackscrew assembly's acme nut
thread."(NTSB, 12/10/2002) There were a couple of contributing factors that led to this failure and
accident. The first factor is the lubrication intervals at which Alaska

Budget Proposal From Former Governor Governor Bob McDonnell
The outgoing Governor Bob McDonnell on December 10, 2013 revealed his two–year budget
proposal called the '2014 – 2016 Biennial Budget and Amendments to the 2013 Appropriation Act.'
When Mr. McDonnell released his proposal at the Capital in Richmond he spoke about some key
things in regards initiatives that needed to be taken.
The first thing people noticed about the proposed budget was that it was 96 billion dollars. He made
some increases in some areas while decreasing funding to areas many people considered
unacceptable. This includes cuts to schools; his plan shaved 48 million off kindergarten programs
deemed underutilized. One thing that was proposed that most people agreed with was an increase to
the states contingency fund. In the budget Governor McDonnell will increase the 'rainy day fund' to
over one billion dollars. However, higher education was a big concern in the budget as evident
because of the almost 200 million boost in the funds allocated for colleges and universities. The one
major factor that stuck in people's mind the most and was the trigger that ignited support for the
piece of legislation was the fact that Mr. McDonnell did not propose new taxes. In the plan there is a
lot of cutting to programs that are deemed unnecessary and reallocating of funds that Governor
McDonnell feels are very important, for example Medicaid. This program is what spark new debate
in the house and senate about how Medicaid should not be expanded. This expansion would

Case Study: Governor Robert Mcdonnell And Maureen...
Type your title
Governor Robert McDonnell and Maureen McDonnell case, number 15 – 474 the Supreme Court
McDowell petitioned the official Act of the conspiracy charges and conviction did not provide
concrete evidence. In 2014 Robert McDonnell, as the 71st Governor of Virginia during the period of
public office developed partners with Jonnie R Williams, a wealthy businessman. Jonnie Williams,
The CEO of Star Scientific organization, agreed to financial support in exchange for McDonnell
continuous influence to set up meetings using the public office position. Governor McDonnell uses
follow position to organize and set up to accommodate the health board assertive to legalize a
nutritional supplement, which contains Anatabine found in tobacco, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Then first charge of conspiracy of defrauding the citizens of Virginia of their right to honest service
by use of international wire fraud. McDonnell secretly abused his power as governor to better his
family in exchange through, promoting, legalizing and obtaining research for the star scientific
industry. Virginia District Court jury found both Robert and Maureen guilty fraud against the people
of Virginia. The second – fourth count of interstate wire communications to robbery to defraud the
citizens of Virginia to the right of honest service. on May 26, 2011 Jonnie Williams sent electric
transfer for McDowell's daughter's catering bill of 15,000 and the jury receiving electronic checks
from Jonnie Williams in exchange for illegal dealings to abuse public office Robert and Maureen
jury came with a guilty verdict using public office to benefit their own personal gain. Then on
March 12, 2012, the jury found both guilty of receiving electronic transfer of $50,000 from the
stored trusts to the real estate company owned by Robert and his sister. On May 22, 2012 Robert and
his sister received electric transfer of $20,000 from the Starwood trust to their real estate company.
The jury found Robert guilty of count to three and four and Maureen guilty of two and three. On
count five conspiracy to obtain property under the colors of official rights found both guilty of using
the government office to obtain property which is McDowell's were not entitled Jonnie Williams
CEO at Star scientific. Count six through 11 obtaining property under the color official rights May
23, 2011 the McDonnell's received $50,000 check a $15,000 check for his daughter's wedding on
the 29th 2011 Williams paid for the McDonnell's family over $2,380 for Kinloch golf club and
another 1424 on January 7, 2012 for membership including golf these Caddy fees dining in good.
On March 6, 2012 Starwood trusts sent

Essay on Crisis Management
Situational Analysis: Flight 232 Cecille Hayes Argosy University Module 5 The purpose of this
assignment is to develop leadership and crisis management skills by using a real–life case study
example (Argosy Lecture Notes, 2013). Case Study This paper focuses on United Airlines (UA)
Flight 232, a DC10 aircraft that was en route from Denver to Philadelphia via Chicago. It was
forced to make an emergency landing in Sioux City, Iowa due to an engine failure. The flight carried
296 passengers and crew members (Argosy Lecture Notes, 2013). Part 1: Personal Profiles of Crew
Members who Played a Crucial Role in the Flight There were at least four United Airlines crew
members who played a crucial role in the flight: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He was determined to do so despite having lost an engine and the ability to steer and control the
aircraft. The captain's commitment to this goal was evident in his valiant efforts to correct flight
issues that were coming up as a result of the engine failure and damaged hydraulic systems. He also
exhibited sheer determination to land that airplane no matter what. Personal Negotiation and
Leadership Skills Exhibited by Selected Character Captain Al Haynes showed remarkable personal
and leadership skills in a crisis situation. Some of these are as follows: 1) Bravery – He faced the
challenge head–on and dealt with it fearlessly. 2) Leading by Example – He was a hands–on leader
who made sure that the work that needed to be done was clearly understood by his crew. 3) Passion
– He believed in what they are doing to handle the situation and this was projected onto his crew
(Lewicki, Barry, and Saunders, 2006). 4) Confidence – He believed in his skills to accomplish his
goal. 5) Delegation – He delegated the throttles to Denny Fitch in order to focus on attempting to
steer and preventing the aircraft from rolling. A great leader knows that he cannot do everything and
is able to delegate effectively (Yoskovitz, 2007). Individual's Self–Knowledge and Ability to Adapt
Captain Al Haynes knew himself and his skills well to have the presence of mind

Boeing Engineering Strike Case Analysis
Negotiation Efforts: The Boeing Engineering Strike In 2000, the Boeing Company found itself in an
unprecedented crisis. Over 17,000 engineers walked off the job site in a massive strike initiative.
Attempts to end and mitigate the strike provide a backdrop for negotiation process analysis in a
collective bargaining situation. Prior to the engineering strike, Boeing grossly underestimated the
morale and emotions of the company's engineers. The failure to connect with employee concerns
cost the company in both reputation and financial loss. The purpose of this paper is to explore the
negotiation process as it unfolded during the Boeing engineering strike.
Boeing
The Boeing Company represents the world's largest aerospace corporation and is the foremost
producer of commercial jets as well as defense, space, and security systems. Corporate offices are
located in Chicago, IL supporting Boeing's two business units: Commercial and Defense, Space, and
Security. The company boasts one of the worlds most talented, diverse, and creative pool of
employees with approximately 160,000 individuals working throughout the United States and in
more than 65 countries (The Boeing Company, 2016).
Engineering Strike On February 9, 2000 approximately 17,000 Boeing engineers ... Show more
There were two main reasons. First, the organization had historically experienced one engineering
strike, in 1993, lasting only one day (Imberman, 2001). Hence, Boeing was not anticipating a strike,
especially one of any magnitude. Secondly, the organization neglected to listen to employee needs
and concerns, executing one–way communication from the top down (Imberman, 2001).
Subsequently, Boeing was not aware of how strongly the engineers felt about the McDonnell
Douglas merger, white–collar worker benefits, and the internal work culture changes brought about
by importing external

The Southwest Orange Airport Authority
Founder of TAM aviation with extensive experience in aviation operation and management. Served
as a management and regulatory consultant to AirTran Airways and JetBlue Airlines. Board member
on the West Orange Airport Authority (WOAA) responsible for the construction and operations of a
new General Aviation airport in western Orange county Florida. In his capacity as WOAA board
member Phil was involved in the feasibility study, site selection study, and was instrumental in
lobbying state and local government for the yearly funding of WOAA operations.
Gabriel Negron – Managing Director
Specializing in aviation real estate and property management related issues for over two decades,
Gabriel will ensure that the FBO entity at Millington ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though most residents don 't fly out of a general aviation facility they do benefit economically
from the aviation activity that has a definite impact on the economy of the community.
The FBO 's customers at Millington Airport will include all airport tenants to include commercial
and non
commercial activities, and the community. The FBO should desire to preserve a balance
between business/corporate, recreational pleasure as well as military aviation operations. The
balancing routine should be accomplished while attracting new business and jobs to the airport and
surrounding communities. The marketing efforts of the FBO will focus on such concepts as runway
length, competitive fuel pricing, hanger availability, aircraft servicing, and availability of ground
transportation.
Business and corporate operators also look for certain amenities such as meeting room space,
catering or restaurant services and nearby hotels. Access to commercial ground transportation
cannot be minimized as the character and nature of business traffic requires ground access to nearby
business and industry as well as resort communities.
The recreational and pleasure customer who typically operate single and multi–engine aircraft will
be looking for such amenities as runway length, fuel prices, aircraft parking, hanger availability,
aircraft maintenance service and ground transportation.
Millington Airport used to be called Naval Air Station Memphis and

Competitive Strategy Southwest Airlines
The domestic US airline industry has been intensely competitive since it was
deregulated in 1978. In a regulated environment, most of the cost increases were
passed along to consumers under a fixed rate–of–return based pricing scheme. This
allowed labor unions to acquire a lot of power and workers at the major incumbent
carriers were overpaid.
After deregulation, the incumbent carriers felt the most pain, and the floodgates had
opened for newer more nimble carriers with lower cost structures to compete head–on
with the established airlines. There were several bankruptcies followed by a wave of
consolidation with the fittest carriers surviving and the rest being acquired or going out of
business.
Analysis of the airline industry ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main consideration for
profitable entry seemed to be the ability of airlines to fill their airplanes above the breakeven
point. In an industry fraught with price competition, brand identity and reputation
did not have significant value either.
In the airline industry, exit costs are not very high either. Planes could be easily redeployed
to other markets, or sold off, and gates and landing rights could be sub–leased
to other carriers.

Substitutes
There are a number of substitutes to air travel, especially over short distances. These
include taking other modes of transportation such as driving, taking the train etc., or not
traveling at all. The use of technology (like WebEx, NetMeeting, video–conferencing etc.)
that facilitates remote virtual collaboration is becoming a good substitute for business air
travel as well.
Supplier Power
The primary inputs to the airline industry include airplanes, labor and fuel. There are only
two major manufacturers (three at the time of the case – Boeing, Airbus and McDonnell
Douglas) for large commercial aircraft. This, along with the relationship specific
investment that the airlines make in the form of trained mechanics, existing stock of
aircraft etc., is likely to give the aircraft manufacturers some supplier power. A mitigating
factor for this supplier

Future of Passenger Aircraft
The future of passenger aircraft and their manufactures has an amazing outlook. Every year the
brightest minds in aviation compile the greatest technological advances towards creating the safest
and most economical aircraft on the planet. No detail is over looked, and the bottom dollar is the all
controlling factor. From private aircraft to public aircraft, space exploration and beyond, the future
is bright for the passenger aircraft market, and everyone who purchases air travel should be excited
to see how industry unfolds.
Let's kick this off! For me, this topic hits home and in my pocket. My uncle, retired Coast Guard
Captain Brian Murray, fly's for Emirates Airlines out of Dubai. Growing up with aviation in our
family, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Today Boeing has an aircraft that can seat over 500 people, and one that can fly over 9,300 nautical
miles in its 777x program. That's 1/3 of the way around the globe without stopping! Currently,
Boeing Commercial employs over 80,000 workers in the United States supporting the Pacific
Northwest and the South East portions of the country for main manufacturing headquarters. The
second airline company that holds a majority stock in the passenger airliner world is Airbus. Airbus
has a family of five passenger airliners as well, including the A320, A330, A340, A350, and A380
families. The flagship A380 double decker aircraft can carry over 525 passengers in three section
configuration, over 800 passengers in a single class configuration. Airbus has been highlighting
milestones and achievements for 40 years, boasting marks such as the first wide body twin engine
airliner producer in 1974 to its record breaking arrival of the A380 in 2007. All of Airbus' fly by
wire systems onboard its aircraft and modularity between models significantly cut operating costs
for the fleet which are passed to the consumer. Airbus employs over 59,000 in multiple locations
around the globe concerning its passenger airliner department.
Along with commercial airlines, private company aircraft also play a large role in the passenger
aircraft world. Companies like Gulf Stream, Bombardier, Hawker, Eclipse, Cessna, Dassault,
Embraer, Boeing, and Airbus all produce cutting edge

Impact Of The Aviation Industry On Unplanned Events That...
2.0. introduction: The purpose of this report is to outline 3 significant changes made to the aviation
industry due to unplanned events that have occurred in the last 20 years. 3 factors/events that have
influenced changes in the commercial aviation industry will be thoroughly investigated. 3.0. The
events: 1. |UAV incident A drone used to film the grand final between Australia and New Zealand
crashed just south of an arena in Melbourne. The ATSB found that radio frequency interference was
the cause of the crash. (TURF MATE , 2016)The possible effects of an increased volume of radio
frequency, mainly due to the use of mobile phones and broadcasting stations at the arena were the
major contributing factors leading to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After collecting more than a million pieces of debris investigators found that the fire came from the
planes in–flight entertainment network. Vulnerable Arcing wires above the cockpit set fire to the
flammable fuselage insulation causing it to spread rapidly. (CBC News , 2013) 4.0. Future
implications: 1. Due to this accident and many other UAV incidents CASA has responded to this
issue by enforcing and creating new rules when operating a drone. This year 2016 CASA has
introduced strict rules for drone operators such as, drones being kept more than 30 metres away
from other people and must not be flown over crowds at beaches or sporting events. (Digital life,
2016). Drones also need to be operated in daylight where the operator can see them and should be
kept for at least more than five kilometres from airports while staying below 121–metre–height
limit. CASA also made deals with major drone companies to include the regulations inside each box
and also covering the importance of appropriate operational controls and procedures covering
drones. (RPAS, 2016) These strict rules are not only because of the increasing numbers of incidents
but because of the increasing number of drone's in the air. Anybody can purchase a drone from fifty
dollars to thousands of dollars making it such an affordable and accessible toy. Because they are
airborne objects drones represent threats to people and property. Especially when faults occur in
equipment or in the

Boeing 's Target Market : Commercial Airplanes And...
Boeing's target market is different in that they are selling to companies rather than individuals. The
target market is determined through a combination of geographic and demographic segmentation.
The two target markets are commercial airline companies and the US government and its allies.
These markets directly coincide with the company's two business units: Commercial Airplanes and
Defense, Space, & Security (Boeing, 2016).
For Commercial Airplanes, geographically, Boeing targets companies in regions where air
transportation is prominent. These commercial airline companies are headquartered in, and work
mostly in, areas that are well–developed, modern, and urban. Delta, United, and American Airlines
are headquartered in Atlanta (Delta, 2016), Chicago (United, 2016), and Fort Worth (Dallas)
(American Airlines, 2016). These are some of the largest cities in the United States, and even the
world. They serve as a prime example as to what geographic demographic Boeing targets. A
subcategory of the Boeing Commercial Airplanes business unit is its freight commercial airplanes.
The same geographic demographics apply here, in that Boeing is targeting companies in well–
developed, modern, and urban areas. For example, UPS and FedEx are two of the leading carrier
services worldwide and are Boeing customers. The UPS headquarters is in Atlanta (UPS, 2016) and
the FedEx headquarters is in Memphis (FedEx, 2016). Demographically, Boeing focuses on
companies able to afford their

Using Oil And Its Byproducts
INTRODUCTION
Throughout the years mankind has been using oil and its byproducts as a means of propulsion.
However, we live in a world of finite resources and as oil is depleting it is necessary to find different
resources. Using electricity as means of propulsion instead of internal combustion engines which is
the current trend in most mechanical applications such as those in cars, ships and airplanes is what
the world has deemed to be a solution to the over use of oil and its byproducts. Electricity is a
resource which is significantly cleaner to the environment than that of oil, especially if generated by
"green" means such as solar power, wind energy, etc.
With this concept in mind, airplanes, which provide a means of transportation, ... Show more
Resources used were Google Scholar and journal web sites such as Science Direct and IEEE.
THE MORE ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT
The more electric aircraft (MEA) is a concept which describes the use of electronics in the existing
airplane designs. As per (Kostakis, et al., 2014) cabin pressurization, air–conditioning and anti–ice
wing protection require pneumatic power, flight surface actuation, landing gear and breaking require
hydraulic power, and finally, engine fuel and oil pumps require mechanical power. Electrical power
is limited to cabin lights, fans and avionics. However, on a MEA electrical power is used to power
some or all the above mentioned loads. Additionally, two new technological features are
incorporated on a MEA, the bleed–less engine and the electrical self–start of the engine. In a bleed–
less engine, all of the air–intake is converted into thrust, without it having to be bypassed away from
the compressors, as it would in a conventional engine, to power pneumatic loads. Bleed air is still
required on the engine for operability reasons, but by reducing the amount of bleed–air required, this
could allow the removal of some heavy equipment such as fans and ducts, and provides potential
improvements in engine reliability. This architectural shift has brought benefits such as weight
reduction, optimized performance and reduced life–cycle costs for the plane operator. Nonetheless,
the increase in on–board electrical energy

A Short Note On Engine Power And Its Impact On The World...
I. Summary
After World War II, aircraft structures had to be redesigned to enable the use of turbojet power
instead of piston engine power. After its first flight on February 15th, 1946, the DC–6 piston
powered aircraft quickly became the workhorse for passenger aircraft. With a wingspan of one–
hundred and seventeen feet, six inches, and a total length of one–hundred feet, seven inches, this
airframe was able to hold roughly one–hundred and five individuals. For nearly ten years, the DC–6
was incomparable to any other airframes at that time. It was capable of carrying over a hundred
passengers, and also very heavy cargo payloads. However, on December 20th, 1957 a new "bird"
entered the sky, and its name was the Boeing 707. With four 13,500 ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
With a high demand of passengers from civilian airliners after World War II, aircraft manufacturers,
such as Boeing, needed to create an airframe capable of meeting such demands. They needed an
airframe that could withstand extremely altitudes, high cruising speeds, and be capable of higher
payloads.
III. Significance of the Problem
The problem was significant because major airliners in the United States needed an airframe as soon
as possible, and that could outweigh the competition of other airliners. The Boeing Company had
the answers to all the airliner's questions and concerns, and within no time engineers began working
on the design for a new turbojet aircraft.
IV. Factors, Issues and Solutions
Factor 1. Design an airframe capable of extreme altitudes
Issue. Even though the DC–6 cabin was pressurized, and could operate at nearly 29,000 feet, Boeing
had to create an airframe that could cruise even higher. The higher cruising altitude would allow for
better fuel consumption, and cruising range. It would also allow for smoother air travel for
passengers because weather would be no factor at such altitudes.
Solution. In order to accomplish this, Boeing would need to create an airframe out of aluminum
alloy and have a very sleek shape to constrict drag. The DC–6 like many other airframes used
aluminum alloy because it was strong, lightweight, and durable at extreme temperatures. Boeing

Nascar Plane Crash
Abstract
This paper will review the July 10, 2007 aviation accident involving a Cessna 310R, N501N,
operated by the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing corporate aviation division as a
personal flight. The aircraft crashed while attempting an emergency in to Orlando Sanford
International Airport, Sanford, Florida after experiencing an in–flight fire. The flight had been
released for flight despite it having a known unrepaired maintenance discrepancy. Safety issues
discussed in this paper relate to the resetting of circuit breakers, the inspection and maintenance of
electrical systems in general aviation aircraft, and the establishment of safety management systems
in general aviation corporate aviation operations. Safety ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At that time the aircraft was roughly 8 nautical miles northwest of SFB and was turning toward the
airport while rapidly descending. Primary radar returns that were recorded for about another minute
and 30 seconds showed the airplane maintaining a heading of about 150° towards SFB. The last of
these primary radar returns was recorded about 0834:45; the Board's study estimated that at that
time the aircraft was about three miles northwest of SFB and descending through about 1,200 feet
above ground level (AGL). The aircraft subsequently crashed in a residential area about 0.7 nautical
miles west of the last primary radar return.
According to several witnesses near the accident site, the airplane was traveling "extremely fast,"
was "very low," and its wings were "rocking" as it descended. Just before impact, the airplane
entered a "steep bank" and made a sharp turn to the west. Several witnesses reported seeing smoke
trailing from the airplane, and one witness stated, "Smoke was trailing from the port side." (NTSB,
2009) The main debris path was about 300 feet long and oriented on a western heading of
approximately 255 degrees. The aircrafts initial point of impact was a north–south line of trees in a
right–wing–low attitude at a height of about 65 feet AGL. About 270 feet beyond the initial tree
strikes, the aircraft struck a palm tree at a height

Boeing: Organizational Culture and Structure
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND STRUCTURE 2
Boeing: Organizational Culture and Structure
Jory Authement
MGMT312 Management Theory and Practices
Professor Stephen Stewart
April 22, 2014
Before we can begin a discussion on the cultural dynamics within the Boeing Company, it is
imperative that we define and briefly elaborate about the foundational structures of the company,
and its core values. Both of which has a direct impact in the development of its culture.. Being that
Boeing has remote multinational locations, and also has satellite locations throughout the United
States; Boeing utilizes a combination of two organizational structures, the network structure and
hierarchal structure.
Logically, due to Boeing's global footprint, Boeing's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, it included a supporting cast of other values such as integrity.
Integrity in simplest terms is doing the right thing even when it's most inconvenient. To Boeing's
customers integrity means that Boeing honors its commitments. It also has ethical connotations
towards Boeing's standards of leadership and workplace environment; that its managers and
employees will lead by example and when challenged, will always take the "high road" by ensuring
fairness and respect in the working environment. Boeing also has a strong commitment to setting the
industry's highest quality assurance on its products.
Quality, how does Boeing establish and maintain quality? Previously we discussed leadership
development; in nearly the same process of development, Boeing's leaders take their acquired
knowledge and skills and pass it on to their employees. Through this continual cycle of education
allows Boeing to maintain a competitive advantage. Another of Boeing's core values is safety.
Safety at Boeing is paramount. Boeing states, "We value human life and health above all else and

take action accordingly to maintain the safety of our workplaces, products and services. We are
personally accountable for our own safety and collectively responsible for each other's safety. In
meeting our goals for quality, cost and schedule, we do not compromise safety" (About Us, 1995).
Diversity and inclusion are key core values

Cuomo's Decision Making Process
Republican Bob McDonnell announced his candidacy for governor of the Commonwealth of
Virginia nearly 14 months ago, and today he announced that he would be resigning his post as
Attorney General of the Commonwealth as of February 20, 2009. Stepping down from his position
as Virginia's Attorney General was a difficult decision, according to McDonnell, and his decision
was based partly upon the tradition of former Attorney Generals seeking higher office stepping
down to keep the Attorney General's office free from politics. He also noted that campaigning to be
Virginia's governor is a full–time job in it of itself. Unlike many politicians nationwide, including
Barack Obama and John McCain, who opt to hold onto their political offices until election ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What are the implications of Cuomo's endorsement, or lack thereof? If Cuomo remains mum, he
runs the risk that voters will view him as weak and unable to take a stand. After all, Cuomo has
experience and expertise. He knows the candidates for Attorney General better than the average
voter. Shouldn't it be incumbent upon him to help his constituents decide upon the important issue of
the upcoming Attorney General who will represent them? On the other hand, if Cuomo endorses a
candidate, it could have great influence upon the election's outcome for the reasons mentioned
above. Also, some voters cast their votes based upon popularity, likability, rather than upon issues. If
they like Cuomo, they might vote for the candidate he endorses solely for that reason. According to
the NY Daily News article, Cuomo's "nod – particularly if it comes at the eleventh hour – could tip
the balance in what is widely expected to be a low–turnout election." Mr. Cuomo, please stay mum.
Allow the candidates to represent themselves to the voters. Let them explain their qualifications and
stands on issues. Allow the voters to do what it is their responsibility to do – be informed, know who
they are voting for, why they are voting, and cast sincere, well–informed votes. This is the American
way; this is democracy. For Cuomo to endorse an Attorney General candidate now would be part of
the politics–as–usual political game. How can a voter be sure that the reasons Cuomo endorses
someone are reasons that matter to him or her? If Cuomo's endorsement attracts voters who do not
look into or care about the issues, it will do a great disservice to all of us. We don't want an Attorney
General in office mainly because Mr. Cuomo wants him or her there. We want an AG who will be
best for the people, chosen

General Aviation Aircraft Value Analysis
General Aviation Aircraft Value Analysis
A value analysis of four different modes of transportation was conducted to assess which would be
the most economical by means of time and expense. Two separate trips were analyzed. The first, a
relatively shorter trip of 1200 miles round trip from Detroit Michigan to Nashville Tennessee. The
second, a longer trip of 2800 round trip miles from Detroit to Miami Florida.
Three colleagues were used as a baseline for costs for all modes of transportation. The analyzed
modes of transportation included car, train, business jet and commercial airline. Also included in the
cost analysis were paid company time, per diem, fuel, food stops, hotel and miscellaneous expenses.
The standard expenses listed in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Regardless of its advantages or disadvantages, it can offer an economical way to travel during
shorter trips. As outlined below, due to lengthy staff time requirements and relatively slower travel it
is not ideal for long trips.
During both the long and the short trip, three people will be sharing one vehicle. This could offer the
opportunity to share the driving duties, have work discussion, and rest. Personal experience however
shows that it can be very challenging to work (on a laptop for example) while riding in a car. Both
the trip to Nashville and Miami by car are outlined in table 1 and table 2 below. The trip expenses
also includes a necessary stay in a hotel (for each person), per diem, staff time, and the drive to the
rental car facility. The estimated total cost of driving to Nashville was $8655, while driving to
Miami was $14,844. The greatest expense was incurred during the excessive staff time and related
expenses incurred while driving.
Automobile Business Aircraft Commercial Aircraft Train Time Cost Time Cost Time Cost Time
Cost
Office to Airport–Airport to Office 60 min r/t
+ 72 hr parking $60 60 min r/t + 24 hr parking $20 60 min r/t
+ 48 hr parking $40 60 min
Free parking $0
Time in airport, boarding, deplaning, rental car check–in 15 min check in for rental car 15 min
15 min
15 min $0 3 hr r/t min
2 hr r/t N/A $0
En route time 18 hr r/t 4 hr r/t $4,200/3=
$1400 8 hr 20 min r/t $353 32 hr r/t $274
Staff Time 27 hr. 27 x $80 =

Southwest Airlines
Assignment Questions
1. What is Southwest's competitive strategy? What are the sources of its success? How does it make
money in this business?
2. What are the foundations of Southwest's competitive advantage?
Southwest Airlines' successful and profitable business model has been driven by several strategies:
high aircraft utilization; standard fleet; charismatic leadership; low fare carrier; excellent customer
service practice; attractive frequent flier program; innovative and creative marketing program;
performance focused organizational culture; strategic human resources management and a lean
operations.
Southwest fleet is made up of mainly Boeing 737 fuel efficient airplanes which spent an average 11
hours in the air daily ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The human resources practices have created shareholder value by means of low turnover, high
productivity and excellent job satisfaction level. Southwest has designed cross function work
coordination whereby once the airline reaches a destination, every member of the flight and ground
crew does everything necessary to get the next flight out on time. Remarkably the airline achieved a
turnaround rate of 70% of their flights had an average fifteen minutes ground time in 1991. This
lessens labour costs, significant productivity advantage in terms of equipment utilization, avoidance
of long delays and makes flying with Southwest attractive to the travelers.
Southwest has an organizational culture that emphasizes "LUV" and "FUN" which is aligned to the
airlines business strategy creating an additional advantage. "LUV" refers to the company's core
values of respect for individuality and genuine concern for others. "FUN" refers to the company's
belief in employees enjoying themselves at work and creating an atmosphere, which allows
customers to have fun. The word "Customer" is consistently capitalized in the company's corporate
communications and practiced in its customer service performance.
Southwest business model have resulted in the achievement of consistent on–time performance,
having the fewest lost

Benefits Of Airplanes And Society Essay
The Benefits of Airplanes to Society
As technology has developed throughout the years, many forms of transportation have been
invented and thoroughly advanced. The airplane is one of the inventions in transportation. The
invention of the airplane is credited to Wilbur and Orville Wright, brothers from Dayton, Ohio. The
Wright brothers were the first to successfully fly a sustained, controlled, powered, and manned
airplane, which took place on December 17, 1903 (Crouch & Jakab, 2003, p.131). Throughout
World War I, the demand for airplanes grew; consequently, production and engineering rapidly
improved (Crouch, 2003, p. 198). With the development of airplanes, airplanes went from a sport for
the wealthy to a functional, efficient aircraft for carrying mail and passengers. Today, airplanes are
used throughout the world for business and commercial purposes, as well as in the medical world
(Woolford & Warner, 2015, pp. 150–255). The invention of the airplane has been a benefit to
society. Airplanes are a benefit to society because they have increased businesses opportunities by a
significant amount. The first sources of airplane business were through airmail. According to Dick
and Patterson (2003), a quote from the first few pilots to send mail on September 9th, 1911 reads,
"We believe this important event will become historical, and its development will lead to a
revolution in the present modes of conveying communications between the peoples of the world."
This quote

The Aviation Industry Has Had On The Environment
Introduction The civil aviation sector over the past hundred years has transformed into one of the
most vital forms of transport in society today. This is due to a vast range of improvements and
innovations. One major enhancement in an aircraft is its fuel efficiency; this was obtained through
years of in depth research, engine development, avionics and its aerodynamics. The effect that the
aviation industry has had on the environment has been relatively small but due to the increase in
demands the emissions released by these aircrafts will increase as a result of this. The primary
emissions released are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and unburned hydrocarbons have all
contributed to the deterioration of local air quality and eventually lead to an increase in greenhouse
gases. The purpose of this assignment is to highlight the advancements in the aircraft industry over
the past hundred years as well as state the key innovations which led to the overall goal airliner the
'Boeing 247'. The '247' flew using the design of a twin engine bomber with retractable landing gear
built initially for the military. Even though it only accommodated 10 passengers and had a cruising
speed of 155 miles an hour, this was a turning point in history as it was the first aircraft to be
introduced into civil aviation. Another example was the introduction of military aviation. World War
II was the main cause of fighter jets. By the end of the war aircraft manufacturers were producing
48,000

Southwest Porters Five Forces Essay

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