Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligence Theories

Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligence Theories
Introduction Learners and their learning styles are different. The aim of this essay is to illustrate how
Gardner's multiple intelligence theory can be implemented in managing a class using a case study.
This essay is structured according to the following headings, multiple intelligence theory. Here, a
concise definition of the theory, key concepts, and criticism will be discussed. After the discussion,
the given scenario will be stated and key aspects will be highlighted. Following this discussion, said
theory will be applied to the given scenario, with special attention given to English Home Language.
In this part of the essay, techniques a teacher can use, will be discussed and applied to the given case
study. Multiple intelligence theory Multiple intelligence is a theory formulated by Howard Gardner.
Said theory, initially, stated that there are seven different types of intelligence; which are linked to
specific areas of the brain. Later, an eight type was added. Furthermore, each type of intelligence is
distinct as it followis its own developmental route ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This will aid in discovering the different types of intelligence present in the class and how to choose
the correct teaching method(s). One of the techniques I will use in my class is to add colour to my
explanation of concepts. For example, when I write a sentence on the board, I indicate the different
parts of speech with a specific colour (example A below). The verb I will mark in green, the subject
I will indicate in red, and the object in yellow. This will appeal to the learners who are spatially
intelligent. I could also make use of posters to explain concepts. Here, the learners will be attracted
to the colours, lines, and shapes in the poster. When they then have to recall a rule or give an
example, they will remember the poster. Example A: The boy kicks the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Theory of Multiple Intelligence
Theory of Multiple Intelligence
Theory of Multiple Intelligence Intelligence is defined as the mental ability of a person to learn and
understand effectively and efficiently what is happening around. If any person is considered good
enough in communication, understanding and learning, logical reasoning, facts and figures, general
knowledge, ability to interpret information and other alike mental activities which account for
personal growth, we say that he/she is wise and intelligent. Unfortunately, intelligence is mostly
used in terms of learning education only, but general knowledge and common sense are also
categorized in intelligence as they constitute a great part of someone's personality. All what is
described is usually termed as general intelligence, which had been the subject of interest until
researchers from different fields like psychology, artificial intelligence and neurology introduced the
concept of "Multiple intelligences". Some theories regarding this phenomena state that "human
mind consists of independent and autonomous intelligences, all or some of which can be used at the
same time, in contrast to the correlation of all intelligences". The most famous and authentic theory
in this regard was presented by famous developmental psychologist Howard Earl Gardner in his
book "Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences" (1983). In explaining his theory,
Gardner proclaimed that human mind has at least eight intellectual capacities to solve

Intelligence And The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences
Taylor Ward Mrs. Behrend AP Seminar December 14, 2015 Intelligence and Socioeconomics
According to the Merriam–Webster Dictionary, intelligence is "the ability to acquire and apply
knowledge and skills," though, there are many different perspectives regarding intelligence. Some
believe the human species is born with a natural intelligence. Others, consider that possessed
intelligence is developed by the interactions and experiences of an individual. The ongoing
argument of whether a genius born or made is still inconclusive. However, one thing we are certain
of is that intelligence plays into one's financial status. There are no restrictions placed on what type
of intelligence, just simply the intelligence one uses to thrive. Founder of the Theory of Multiple
Intelligences, Howard Gardner, would likely agree. The Professor at Harvard University created the
Theory of Multiple Intelligences which states that rather than intelligence being considered a single
ability, intelligence is viewed by different "modalities." (Lane et al.) Therefore, whether discussing
Kim Kardashian–West who possesses interpersonal intelligence, allowing her to interact with others
efficiently, or Albert Einstein, renowned for obtaining logical–mathematical intelligence, granting
him the famous the ability to think outside of the box to analyze patterns and relationships,
intelligence has an impact on income. Throughout this paperreport, the author will discuss what
affects intelligence and how

Multiple Intelligence And Learning Styles
Multiple Intelligence and Learning Styles
In a classroom, all students are unique in various different ways. They may be different through
gender, race, socio–economic status, and so forth. They may also be different in how they learn
information and how they think about information. Multiple Intelligence Theory was first
introduced by Howard Gardner. Gardner believed that there are eight types of intelligence that
people possess. Some people may be stronger in certain types of intelligence and weaker in others.
He wanted to prove that there is no single way for intelligence to exist. Learning style model is a
theory that people have different ways of learning. Some people learn through listening to a teacher
while others may learn through looking at diagrams. These two theories prove that teaching should
not be directed towards particular students
Multiple Intelligence (MI) is a theory that Gardner introduced after many people started to believe
with Alfred Binet's intelligence quotient (IQ) test that intelligence could simply be measured and
represented through a unit. Gardner wanted to prove that certain students may not possess the same
level of intelligence in a certain category such as Math, which would fall under Gardner's logical
intelligence, as other students. He suggested that certain people excel at particular intelligences
more than others. The eight types of intelligence include linguistic, logical, spatial, musical, bodily–
kinesthetic, interpersonal,

Howard Gardner And The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences
Howard Gardner and The Theory of Multiple Intelligences Howard Gardner, born in Scranton,
Pennsylvania, on July 11, 1943 is best known for his Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Gardner, a
developmental psychologist, received his undergraduate degree and PhD from Harvard University.
Gardner has authored many books/articles and received many awards. In his book, Frames of Mind:
The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Gardner introduced The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.
This paper will discuss The Theory of Multiple Intelligences and give practical ways this theory can
be used in the classroom.
The Theory of Multiple Intelligences In 1983 Howard Gardner introduced The Theory of Multiple
Intelligences. In his theory, Gardner suggests that all people possess eight intelligences. The eight
intelligences are "linguistic (verbal), musical, spatial, logical–mathematical, bodily–kinesthetic
(movement), interpersonal (understanding others), intrapersonal (understanding self), and naturalist
(observing and understanding natural and human–made patterns and systems)" (Woolfolk, 2014,
p.134). The first intelligence, linguistic or verbal, deals with language. Someone with linguistic
intelligence has the ability to express themselves easily and understand complex word meanings.
They usually think in words and reflect on the use of language. "Linguistic intelligence is the most
widely shared human competence" (Gardner, n.d., p.1). These are the poets, public speakers, and
authors.

Gardner Theory Of Multiple Intelligence
GARDNER THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE
Introduction
Professor Howard Gardner, from Harvard University, proposed the theory of Multiple Intelligence.
According to him have eight kinds of intelligences in different degrees which are Musical
intelligence, Logical intelligence, Linguistic intelligence, Bodily– kina esthetic intelligence, spatial
intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, and Naturalistic intelligence. It is
not necessary that any person who possess certain level in one Intelligence will be able to
demonstrate the same level of expertise in the other Intelligences (Gardner 2006b). For example one
person may have high degree of Musical Intelligence but that does not mean he is ... Show more
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One may have high degree of logical intelligence and less spatial intelligence. It may not work
teaching him using graphs, images and videos which might be successful for other person. Things
can be taught and expressed in more than one way. (Nolen 2003) observed that if a teacher refine his
teaching, keeping in mind the strengths of the students, it optimize learning of students.
3. Practical learning
Gardner argues that acquiring knowledge is a dynamic process and knowledge keeps on changing
over the period of time. In our education system children are being taught too much of information
but at the end they forget a larger part of that when they leave. He advises that schools need to focus
on practical learning.
Children should be taught to focus on practical aspects of the concepts and think scientifically.
Students should learn by performing practical, understanding what hypothesis is and how to test
them and observe. By doing this they will learn deeply and concept will be much clear to them.
4. Active Engagement
Gardner stress on active engagement of student in their learning process. Like, when studying some
concept they should see the practical aspects of the concept in real life. Students should be active in
thinking how to do things, how to mould

Gardner's Theory Of Multiple Intelligences
Learning Theory: Gardner's Multiple Intelligences
When asked what learning theory or theories I favor, the first one that comes to mind is Gardner's
theory of multiple intelligences. Many teachers utilize this theory in their teaching philosophy and
work hard to integrate it into the everyday classroom. This theory is important because it forces
educators to study and know each students learning style, which in turn, allows every student to
learn to the best of his/her ability. According to Gardner, this theory "documents the extent to which
students possess different kinds of minds and therefore learn, remember, perform, and understand in
different ways." Gardner's theory enables us all to know the world through language, logical–
mathematical ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This intelligence has been met by critics with more resistance than his first seven intelligences.
These students are more in tune with nature and are often interested in nurturing, exploring the
environment, and learning about other species. The environment and its changes are of great interest
to these learners. These students are good at categorizing and cataloging information and do not
enjoy learning unfamiliar topics that have no connection to nature. Gardner's theory of multiple
intelligences allows educators to differentiate their instruction in order to reach every student. I
believe this theory is relevant for this reason. Differentiation has become such an important form of
instruction in a teacher's classroom. Without differentiated instruction, low achieving students are
left behind and high achieving students are bored. By using this theory educators are able to learn
which students need what type of instruction, which allows every student continued success. In
order for this theory to be successful, teachers must learn about the major characteristics of each
type of intelligence. Teachers should also give their students the multiple intelligences quiz to
discover the area(s) in which their students are the strongest. These two measures will allow
teachers and students to be successful in the

The Pros And Cons Of Multiple Intelligences
In 1983 the researcher and professor at Harvard University named Howard Gardner proposed a new
sight of intelligence that has been highly received since its publication, so being incorporated in
school curricula all over the country. Gardner suggests his theory of multiple intelligences, a theory
that identified the dominant definition of intelligence as restricted to mathematical and linguistic
abilities (verbal and computational intelligences). Gardner theorized that instead of just these two
intelligences, a grouping of seven intelligences more correctly explains for the diversity of ways in
which people receive and utilize knowledge (Sternberg & Lubart, 1991). The hypothesis of multiple
intelligences, progressed by psychologist Howard Gardner in the dead 1970 and a head 1980,
assumes that individuals control eight or more relatively independent intelligences. According to
Sternberg and Lubart (1991) in comprehending of intelligence as multiple rather than unitary in
nature, the theory of multiple ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many teachers, schools, textbook writers, and assessment specialists have surrounded these
strategies Koura, Tachibana, Uno and Yamada (2005); Mahmoud, El–Embaby, AbdAllah and
Hamama (2008); Olson & Land (2007); Wong, Wong and Law (2005). Teachers, who have
implemented the multiple intelligences in their teaching, express the advantages that the theory
brings to their learners such as having several roads to learn and to display their learning through
utilizing their strong intelligences and/or by improving their weak ones (Wong, 2005). Diversity is
also indicated as a way of motivating students to learn and giving choice for students to demonstrate
their learning. Multiple intelligences also permit variety in teaching and challenges teachers to tab
the best of out their

Howard Gardner : Theory Of Multiple Intelligences
Howard Gardner: Theory of Multiple Intelligences Howard Earl Gardner is an American
developmental psychologist and a Professor of Cognition and Education at the Harvard Graduate
School of Education at Harvard University. Howard Gardner was born on July 11, 1943 in Scranton,
PA to Ralph and Hilde Gardner. He attended Harvard College from 1961 – 1965, graduating with an
A.B. in social relations, and studied under the renowned Erik Erikson. He also attended Harvard
University from 1966 – 1971. He would go on to obtain his Ph.D. in developmental psychology
from Harvard. For his postdoctoral fellowship, Gardner worked alongside Norman Geschwind at
Boston Veterans Administration Hospital and continued his work there for another 20 years. Gardner
began teaching at the Harvard Graduate School of Education in 1986. Since 1995, much of the focus
of his work has been on the Good Work Project, now known as the Good Project. He also holds
positions as Adjunct Professor of Psychology at Harvard University and Senior Director of Harvard
Project Zero. Among numerous honors, Gardner received a MacArthur Prize Fellowship in 1981
and the University of Louisville's Grawemeyer Award in Education in 1990. He has received
honorary degrees from thirty–one colleges and universities, including institutions in Bulgaria, Chile,
Greece, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, South Korea, and Spain. He has twice been selected by
Foreign Policy and Prospect magazines as one of the 100 most influential

Multiple Intelligence
Dr. Howard Gardner also the Professor of Education at Harvard University developed the theory of
Multiple Intelligences in 1983 (Campbell 12). This principle is well known to most teachers.
Although people disagree with his theory, Gardner believes that rather than a single intelligence, we
acquire all seven intelligences in different amounts. All seven Gardner's intelligences should be
incorporated in every lesson, to include; linguistic, logical–mathematical, body kinesthetic, spatial,
musical, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Howard Gardner defines intelligences as "the
biopsychological potential to process information that can be activated in a cultural setting to solve
problems or create products that are of value in a culture" ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Musical intelligence encompasses the capability to recognize and compose musical pitches, tones,
and rhythms. (Auditory functions are required for a person to develop this intelligence in relation to
pitch and tone, but it is not needed for the knowledge of rhythm) (Helding). Characteristics of
musical intelligence are remembering melodies, listening to music, and keeping the beat. Dancers,
musicians, and musical composers show high levels of musical intelligence. Children with musical
intelligence can easily convey their emotions through music. This intelligence is usually seen at an
early age. Individual differences between those with musical intelligence and those without are
apparent from the day a child learns to sing (Gardner 16). These students are usually able to read
music, to critique performances, and to use musical–critical categories (Steenhagen). Interpersonal
intelligence consists of the ability to understand, perceive, and discriminate between people's
moods, feelings, motives, and intelligences (Gardner 17). Students with interpersonal intelligence
choose professions such as teaching, politics, sales, therapist, and counselor (Steenhagen). These
children grow up to be skilled parents. Children with this intelligence enjoy cooperative games,
understand the feelings of others, have many friends, and prefer group work. Intrapersonal
intelligence is the

Theory Of Multiple Intelligences Theory
Many theories exist around the world involving many different subjects. Some theories are in the
science area while others are in the psychology area. One psychology theory that is used in
education is the theory of Multiple Intelligences. The Multiple Intelligences Theory is a theory that
shows the nine intelligences all individuals possess, with some individuals being more strong in
some intelligences more than the others. Knowing the nine intelligences that exist, it is easier for
educators to be able to teach students in the intelligence they are strongest in. The Multiple
Intelligences Theory's key points are that all individuals possess the nine intelligences, each
intelligence can be improved with the right instruction, and the ... Show more content on
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Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory is a theory with nine intelligences. The nine
intelligences that are in the Multiple Intelligences Theory are the visual–spatial intelligence, the
linguistic–verbal intelligence, the mathematical intelligence, the kinesthetic intelligence, the musical
intelligence, the interpersonal intelligence, the intrapersonal intelligence, the naturalistic
intelligence, and the existential intelligence (Cherry, 2016b). These intelligences are possessed by all
individuals with some being stronger in some more than in others. Some individuals may be
stronger in the visual spatial intelligence, which means they learn better when being able to watch
videos and pictures or doing things that lets you see rather than hear. A person that is strongest in the
kinesthetic intelligence are strongest in body movement and these people like to dance and learn
better by dancing or moving their body. The second key point in Howard Gardner's Multiple
Intelligences Theory is that a weak intelligence can be improved with the right instruction. If an
individual is weak in one intelligence, it can be improved with the right instruction. For example, if
an individual lacks in the verbal–linguistic intelligence, he can take English classes or
Communication classes in order to better improve in the verbal–linguistic intelligence. If an
individual is

The Multiple Intelligences Self Assessment
After taking the Multiple Intelligences Self–Assessment, the results showed I am 33% linguistic,
94% logical–mathematical, 92% visual–spatial, 44% intrapersonal, 81% interpersonal, 38% musical,
67% bodily–kinesthetic, and 92% naturalistic. I was shocked by how high my naturalistic learning
percentage was. I think this learning habit was inherited from my mother. When I was growing up,
our house was always surrounded by flowers. She would spend hours tending and expanding the
gardens. When I moved into my own house, I was extremely bothered by the nonexistent
landscaping. Over the last few years, I have worked, with much help from my mom and mother in
law, to create that beautiful landscape around my own home.
When I think about my childhood learning experiences, I can not help but focus on how much I
struggled with reading and writing skills. I can remember back to second grade, knowing I was in
the lowest reading group. I was not asked to complete the same work as my peers and had extra
tutoring outside of school. That struggle continued as I went through grade school and into high
school as I started to learn French. Again, I was at the bottom of the class and passing required tons
of studying and extra help. Unfortunately, that struggle turned into a fear. To this day I panic at the
thought of reading an unknown piece of literature aloud, and stress about my written work.
Although it was and continues to be a part of my education, I still have negative associations

The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences
Introduction The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, developed by Howard Gardner is the
psychological theory regarding intelligence. Looking at Multiple Intelligences through the field of
education we will explore what the different Multiple Intelligences are and how you engage each
intelligence in the classroom. While there are further implications for Multiple Intelligences, MI,
that are relevant to other fields, the focus is on the relevance of MI in the elementary and middle
school classrooms. There may be many ways for a person to be smart, the paper is focused on where
students may be engaged in their intelligences in the classroom. A review of literature has shown
that the Theory of Multiple Intelligence, while not first intended to be directed towards education,
had had a profound impact on teachers and students. "MI theory offers neither a curriculum nor a
goal toward which educators are expected to strive. Rather, MI theory is an idea about the concept
of intelligence." (Selder 2009) MI doesn't tell teachers what to teach, it does provide ideas for how
to reach more students in the classroom. According to multipleintelligenceoasis.org, the Official
Authoritative Site of Multiple Intelligences there are: "Two chief educational implications of the
Theory of Multiple Intelligences: 1) Individuation... As much as possible, we should teach
individuals in ways that they can learn... 2) Pluralization – Ideas, concepts, theories, skills should be
taught in several different

Multiple Intelligences Reflection Paper
The target audience for my presentation on multiple intelligences is elementary school teachers. If
children's individual capacity to learn is identified, harnessed and encouraged by teachers in grade
school, learning will become more enjoyable for them and they will be set up for a positive attitude
towards learning as they grow older. Of course an ideal situation would be for all school teachers to
understand the concept of multiple intelligences, but starting at the grassroots level ensures an early
adoption of a love of learning.
The learning objectives in the presentation include why teachers need to know about multiple
intelligences and how they can apply their teaching styles and classroom activities to inspire
children to give their best through tapping into a child's learning style. I have stated a few points
about why I think it is important for teachers to have an idea of how different children learn,
including fully understanding a child's capacity to learn, that is, what their intelligence style is.
Other reasons include creating an environment that fosters or encourages their different abilities and
building a non–judgmental atmosphere in the classroom where children feel safe, able to speak out
and answer questions where they do not feel ostracized for asking a question that may not be
deemed "intelligent" by some. I also express that creating a classroom setting where children
develop a thirst to learn and succeed can be achieved through understanding how

The Characteristics Of Howard Gardner's Multiple...
Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Rachel L. Bizjak Jefferson State Community College Just
like a snowflake, each human is unique and possess different qualities and characteristics. No one is
exactly alike, not even identical twins. This is also true when speaking about intelligence.
Intelligence can be defined as the ability to resolve problems. This can be done in many ways.
Howard Gardner suggests that intelligence can be classified into nine different categories: linguistic,
spatial, logical–mathematical, musical, bodily–kinetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, and
existential. Each person differs in strengths and weaknesses and may possess different intelligences.
An individual may be highly skilled in math and problem solving, but may possess no musical
skills. It would benefit a student in college to evaluate Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences and
determine their strengths when deciding what profession would suit them the best. Examining each
type of intelligence mentioned in Gardner's multiple intelligences will yield more knowledge to a
student who is in search for a suitable career. The first type of intelligence proposed by Gardner is
linguistic intelligence. This is the ability to verbally express languages. Proper grammar and
pronunciation is a requirement for linguistic intelligence. An individual who is mastered in linguistic
intelligence would be able to express their words in an articulate manner. They would also be

The Theory Of Intelligence, And Multiple Intelligences Theory
Ever since the inception of Psychology as a scientific field people have wondered of the origins ,&
factors of Intelligence. Thinkers from as early as the Greek school of philosophy pondered what
made one man smart ,and another dull. Early england thought that they could correlate the size of a
man's head with his intelligence. Though it was only when psychologists started testing people using
exams aimed at cognitive processes did real scientific theories start to emerge. The question I began
with when starting this project is, What theory of intelligence most accurately models it? My
question came from going over some college board sources over intelligence ,& wondering about
it's various theories So with a significant amount of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He also believed that this general factor transcended all cultural values placed in different skills ,&
was linked to genetics. He was not responsible for the introduction of cognitive testing to
psychology ,but he came up with a formula that corrected a coefficient used in analyzing test results
which assured that correlation in scores was correctly displayed. He found that success in one area
of the test usually assured success in most areas. Spearman acknowledged that people could develop
talents outside of those he measured ,but he attributed them to more skill/experience than innate
mental ability. Modern research has uncovered that the "G" factor is comparable to a rate, People
with higher levels of "G" learn more with less time ,& less assistance than those with lower levels.
Research that supports this theory is that scientists placed various people under a CAT scan while
providing simple stimulation. People predicted to have higher "G" factors from iq tests were shown
to be faster at responding to simple stimuli. Additionally recreations of the experiment in various
places show that it does in fact transcend the borders of culture. Additionally there has been for a
long time, a direct correlation with iq ,& success. People with higher iq's are more likely to make it
into higher education, get a impressive career ,& generally succeed. For people with lower
intelligence the exact inverse was found in addition to being more likely to commit a crime.

Multiple Intelligences : Howard Gardner's Theory Of...
To start off with Intelligence is defined as your capacity for learning, understanding for learning, and
gathering or distribution of information. Howard Gardner's Theory is based on eight unique theories
of how we learn or think. The multiple intelligences are visual–spatial, bodily–kinesthetic, musical,
interpersonal, intrapersonal, linguistic, naturalistic, and logical–mathematical. The way we learn or
the way that works the best for you to understand the information that is given to you. He believed
that we are all possess all eight intelligences although we may tend to favor one or two more than
the rest, we also may grow and recede throughout our life. Many self–assessment questionnaires are
based on this theory. They are known as VAK or VARK questionnaires. Most assesses 3 or 4 out of
the 8 learning preferences. (Visual, Auditory, Read/Write.) The MI assessment uses all 8 of the
learning preferences. Here is a link to an assessment:
http://literacynet.org/mi/assessment/findyourstrengths.html As the 8 theories each one can tell
someone how they may learn or understand things. So, let's look at them and what they mean.
Verbal–Linguistic remembering teams easily, mastering foreign language, convince or believe
something. Making up some way such as a story or poetry as a way of remembering/ learning.
Musical–Rhythmic sensing tonal qualities being sensitive to sounds rhythms, understanding of
musical patterns to hear music. They often learn with sounds going on in the

Multiple Intelligence Theory Of Learning
Abstract
The multiple intelligence theory of learning states that there are several different areas of
intelligence; kinesthetic, intrapersonal, and interpersonal are just three of the seven. Throughout
time this theory has been in debate for challenging the classic school systems own theory on how all
students learn one way and one way only.
Introduction
There is not one single person in the world who is exactly alike; you may think so but no. Each
person out of the seven billion people in the world has that unique style to them whether it is clothes
or how they learn. That is what a student from Harvard University that goes by the name Howard
Gardner came to realize when he came up with the MI (Multiple Intelligence) theory.
Body
When Howard Gardner first introduced that he believed there were different ways people learned,
the school system felt threatened. Now, this educational system feels threatened because they have
this "system" that assumes everyone will learn the same way and administering the same test to
different students is superior. He believes that society as a whole will benefit more if they could
figure out what style they are and utilize their new findings to their benefits.
Howard Gardner when starting out had seven different learning styles, which has since been updated
to eight. They are as followed, visual–spatial, kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal,
linguistic, mathematical, and naturalistic.
Visual or Spatial Visual or spatial

The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences And The Implications...
Reflective Response 3
Gardner's Theory of Multiples Intelligences and the implications that it has for teachers
By
Arlet Vega Guerra
NSU ID 01623158
EDU 502 CRN 24704
Psychological Foundations of Education
Dr. EM Rentas
Nova Southeastern University
March 24, 2017
The theory of multiple intelligences which has been a significant and remarkable contribution for
many educators and researchers that were studying the reasons and element necessaries to the
teaching of specific intelligences was elaborated by Howard Gardner a Harvard Psychologist using
many science concepts to explain human intellect.
In this theory of Multiples intelligences at the beginning he proposed that there were seven main
identified fields in which everybody have special abilities that he describes as intelligences.
With the Gardner definition of multiples intelligence as a mix of abilities that can be broadened and
developed throughout the course of an individual life. He created the bases for a new education
model. With this conception that it is actually implemented in many school around the world his
followers can see and assure most of the background ideas of his theory.
Gardner study at Harvard University was to address the work of Alfred Binet about The IQ or
Intelligence quotient that it's supposed to measure the intelligence. This test is the base too of
another well–known test used now a days in a lot of schools, the famous SAT or Scholastic Aptitude
Test which is designed to

The Critique Of The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences
The theory of multiple intelligences was developed by Dr. Howard Gardner in 1983. The Theory of
Multiple Intelligences is a critique of the standard psychological view of intellect: there is a single
intelligence, adequately measured by IQ or other short answer tests. Instead, on the basis of
evidence from disparate sources, the theory claims that human beings have a number of relatively
discrete intellectual capacities. IQ tests assess linguistic and logical–mathematical intelligence, and
sometimes spatial intelligence; they are a reasonably good predictor of who will do well in school.
This is because humans have several other significant intellectual capacities (Harvard University).
Explained in Wikipedia, this theory differentiates intelligence into specific ... Show more content on
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If a teacher is having difficulty reaching a student in the more traditional linguistic or logical ways
of instruction, the theory of multiple intelligences suggests several other ways in which the material
might be presented to facilitate effective learning. He also mentioned how this theory caused a
profound impact on education and proposes a major transformation in the way our schools are run.
It suggests the importance of training teachers to present their lessons in a wide variety of ways
using music, cooperative learning, art activities, role play, multimedia, field trips, inner reflection,
and much more. As mentioned in Lane, Gardner said that these differences challenge an educational
system that assumes that everyone can learn the same materials in the same way and that a uniform,
universal measure suffices to test student learning. Indeed, as currently constituted, our educational
system is heavily biased toward linguistic modes of instruction and assessment and, to a somewhat
lesser degree, toward logical–quantitative modes as

Frames Of Mind: Multiple Intelligences
Multiple Intelligences What determines intelligence? According to Howard Gardner, intelligence
cannot be universally subjected to one exclusive element. In his book Frames of Mind, he expands
the dimension of intelligence through pluralizing the term to recognize different kinds of aptitudes.
Originally, Gardner acknowledged that there were seven different branches of intelligence. Today,
one's intelligence can be understood in terms of nine different types. These multiple intelligences
can be classified into the following categories: linguistic, logical–mathematical, musical, bodily–
kinesthetic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, and existential. However, these
multiple branches are not entirely independent from one another, ... Show more content on
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As a thespian, it is important to communicate one's intentions through body language. Being able to
use the body to exude character and emotion is a way in which I, as a performer, show my bodily–
kinesthetic ability. As Shakespeare puts it, one must "suit the action to the word, the word to the
action," in other words everything that is spoken must be accompanied by an appropriate bodily
behavior. In my past performances I've played a variety of different types of roles, which
demonstrates my ability to use bodily–kinesthetic intelligence to transform into different characters.
Among the different characters I've played are: Shaniqua, a loud mouthed, tough, ghetto maid in her
twenties. Blanche, an elderly woman in her eighties, with a faulty memory. And Sally Valley, a
bubbly airhead California cheerleader. The disparities between these roles is personalized through
the bodily actions of each. For example, for Shaniqua, I portrayed her rambunctious character
through actions such as rolling my eyes, sucking my teeth, using vivid hand gestures such as
wagging my finger in the air, clapping and such. For Blanche, to portray the character of an elderly
woman, I hunched over and held my back, and moved slowly and pensively for most of the
performance. For Sally Valley, to portray her bubbly personality, I smiled with my mouth open,
walked with a hop to my step and used perky hand

Theory of Multiple Intelligences and Personal Experience
personal names I fleetingly recall being in fourth grade and my teacher, Mr. Pox, was instructing us
how to tell time. The feeling of trying to overcome this hurdle to recognize the "big hand" is for the
minutes and the "little hand" correlates with the hours, was such a great feat for a fourth grader. At
the time, that felt like such an accomplishment yet there would be many more and greater to come.
According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences in his essay "A Rounded Version:
Theory of Multiple Intelligences," he contends that we have more intelligence than what a test could
prove because we all each excel in different areas of life (Gardner and ... Show more content on
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Listening to the other ideas instead of just my own, taught me to compromise. This was a way to
work well with people and get things done quickly to get the best grade I wanted. In school I have
seen students who are timid than most and feel awkward working with people. They work better by
viewing things alone allowing them to excel in individual assignments. They display an
Intrapersonal Intelligence guiding them to be self–sufficient. They have a greater sense of their self
enabling them to utilize that knowledge. Learning your own self could be said to help you work with
others but it helps to look from your own feeling and notice others around you. People get farther
working with others than always working alone.
Linguistic intelligence is not only the ability to make a proper sentence with error free grammar, but
it includes the expertise to formulate words that convey a clear and thoughtful message. Learning a
language is a highly sought linguistic intelligence and some might even say very necessary. I have,
not mastered yet, learned three languages; Swahili, English and Spanish are in order of what I have
been taught first in my life. Mastering these three languages is a long journey far from over.
Sometimes in my Spanish class, I feel that I will never learn all of the language in time or be secure
when I speak it. I remind myself, though, that there are many words in English that I still have not
encountered yet in my life and

Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Theory of multiple intelligences The theory of multiple intelligences was proposed by Howard
Gardner in 1983 as a model of intelligence that differentiates intelligence into various specific
(primarily sensory) modalities[disambiguation needed], rather than seeing it as dominated by a
single general ability. Gardner argues that there is a wide range of cognitive abilities, and that there
are only very weak correlations among them. For example, the theory predicts that a child who
learns to multiply easily is not necessarily generally more intelligent than a child who has more
difficulty on this task. The child who takes more time to master simple multiplication 1) may best
learn to multiply through a different approach, 2) may excel in a ... Show more content on
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Gardner elaborates to say that this intelligence also includes a sense of timing, a clear sense of the
goal of a physical action, along with the ability to train responses so they become like reflexes. In
theory, people who have bodily–kinesthetic intelligence should learn better by involving muscular
movement (e.g. getting up and moving around into the learning experience), and are generally good
at physical activities such as sports or dance. They may enjoy acting or performing, and in general
they are good at building and making things. They often learn best by doing something physically,
rather than by reading or hearing about it. Those with strong bodily–kinesthetic intelligence seem to
use what might be termed "muscle memory", drawing on it to supplement or in extreme cases even
substitute for other skills such as verbal memory. Careers that suit those with this intelligence
include: athletes, pilots, dancers, musicians, actors, surgeons, builders, police officers, and soldiers.
Although these careers can be duplicated through virtual simulation, they will not produce the actual
physical learning that is needed in this intelligence.[8]

Howard Gardner's Theory Of Multiple Intelligences In The...
Originally when Howard Gardner, a psychologist and professor at Harvard University, developed
the multiple intelligence theory in 1983 he had no intention of it being used in the classroom setting
(Gardner, 2011). However, this did not stop educators based all over the world from using the theory
to help students take control of their learning and better understand their minds. Gardner even came
to almost fully accept and support educator's use of his theory. Gardner stated that "Only once did I
openly condemn an application of the theory. In the early 1990s, I learned from a colleague about an
MI–inspired educational approach in Australia. No doubt well motivated, this approach went way
too far and violated both scientific and ethical boundaries (Gardner 2011)." This theory is based on
the idea that a person is not limited to one area of intelligence outright. The definition of
"intelligence" is as follows, "Ability or abilities to acquire and use knowledge for solving problems
and adapting to the world" (Woolfolk, 2004, 107). Intelligence is something that is often measured
by tests, such as the IQ test or standardized tests. Multiple intelligences are not something that are
tested for. They are experienced, witnessed in real life situations. A person cannot, and should not be
defined by a single aspect, such as their intelligence; this is where the idea of multiple intelligences
comes in. With the theory of multiple intelligences, people can possess different levels of

Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligence Assignment
Assignment 1 Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence is
known to provide a simple and accessible ways to understand a person's preferred way of studying
and in developing themselves. As different individuals have different mind concept and strength of
intelligence, therefore their method of learning, understanding and memorizing are also different.
Although everyone is learning the same materials at the same pace, each individual still have their
preferred way of understanding and studying. The following will be the explanation and
understanding on the eight intelligence which is linguistic, logical–mathematical, musical, bodily–
kinesthetic, spatial. Interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalist. Linguistic is actually suitable for
individuals who is capable in words and language. These individual prefer to write and speak while
they are interpreting the meaning of the ideas and informations that is given to them. Their style of
understanding will be rewriting the main ideas on a piece of paper, speaking out loud while reading
or even present a speech as if they are the lecturer. Usually, individuals that have this intelligence
will have a sensitive auditory system and often good in words. The media that they use often while
studying and understanding ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This intelligence was actually not in the original list in Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence, it
was added in after that. These individuals are more keen towards environment. Naturalist learning
experience is through discovering the nature, observing the surroundings and relating to the
environment. They love to be taught by having classes outdoors such as having field trips from time
to time. Their style of studying and understanding is by writing down what they observe and create a
living system on to the material that they are trying to interpret so that they can easily figure out the
meaning of the materials

The Theory Of Multiple Intelligence By Dr. Howard Gardner
The theory of multiple intelligence is one that came about in 1983. It is the theory that intelligence
should not just be measured by an IQ test. Intelligence is much more than just a test, and has far
more different aspects. Dr. Howard Gardner came up with the theory of multiple intelligence and the
thought that there are many different types of intelligences. Gardner actually believes that there are
eight or more different types of intelligences. According to "Teachers, Schools, and Society"
"Gardner believes that his theory of multiple intelligences more accurately captures the diverse
nature of human capability." (pg 29) Some of the eight intelligences Gardner came up with are,
Logical mathematical, linguistic, bodily–kinesthetic, musical, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal,
and naturalist. Logical–mathematical is an intelligence that relates more to numbers and problem
solving. Linguistic intelligence relates to meanings of sounds and words. Bodily–kinesthetic is
related to physical activity, and being able to handle and manipulate items to learn. Musical
intelligence is related to being able to produce pitch and rhythm. Spatial intelligence is being
"picture smart" and being able to see a model or drawing in their mind. Interpersonal intelligence is
being people smart, and being able to analyze people's moods. Intrapersonal intelligence is knowing
yourself and your own feelings and needs. Then there's naturalist, where someone has the ability to
nurture living

Multiple Intelligences
Top Three Intelligences
By: Sean Mahoney
Strategies for the Technical Professional
Professor R. Aragon
As stated in our reading there a total of 8 multiple intelligences developed by Howard Gardner. Each
type of intelligence is not the same for every person. Everyone has their own unique personality and
therefore has their own style of learning or retaining information provided to them. There are certain
surveys you can take in order to determine where your particular intelligences fall. I have taken one
of these surveys and have chosen three of my top intelligences to explore further and to determine
what skills in each type of intelligence are most effective for me to retain new information, not only
in my education but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
No matter if you are in school or already in your career. Being able to retain information valuable to
your job and understanding it is extremely important and makes you a valuable asset. You can assist
your classmates or perform your job near flawlessly as long as you understand the importance to
knowing how you learn and the best way to utilize your multiple

Through The Mind of Multiple Intelligences
The outlook on life has altered throughout the last century. Psychologist, neurologist, and educators
are now discovering the body and mind are more intricate than what it used to be perceived as.
There are innovative techniques to observing the intelligence that an individual has or is capable of
doing. Psychologist Howard Gardner produced the Multiple Intelligence theory (MI). Gardner
(1999) expressed intelligence as "the ability to solve problems or fashion products that are of
consequence in a particular cultural setting or community". Gardner (2006) says, "humans have at
least nine intelligences" such as linguistics, logical–mathematical, spatial, bodily–kinesthetic,
musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist, and existential. ... Show more content on
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There have been so innumerable inquiries throughout life concerning the purpose, the connection,
and reasoning for the beginning and the end. So, philosophy and different forms of psychology have
assisted in closing those doors, however society still speculates about the different possibilities.
Without these nine categories people would be bewildered when determining their true values in
life. Subsequently, understanding the different behaviors and qualities of intelligence, society
harbors them all differently. Some of them are actually disregarded and several of them are looked
upon as constructive. Such an enormously valued intelligence is linguistics. Society doesn't
commend someone that is illiterate. Being proficient in speaking well, writing, and reading can get
an individual a better position within their work field or additional social connections. Another
extremely pertained intelligence is logical–mathematics. The public views this type of intelligence
as the main method to science. People that are phenomenal with arithmetic are prized as some of the
smartest people in the world, particularly since several individuals lack this intelligence. Following
along with spatial intelligence, which is known for its connection to the game of chess and with how
bees calculate their mobility needs. Astronomers, architects, and graphic designers are all
extraordinary fields of work that are essential for the world. A somewhat blown out of

Introduction In this investigation related to intelligence cognitive and learning as a style of
individual differences, explanation the complex process of learning through of the intelligences.
Howards Gardner developed the theory of multiple intelligences thirty years ago, explain the
intelligence is the profile and each individual has different ways to learn, he affirm has seven
intelligences differ in their thinking, feeling, and behavior. "No two people are alike, yet no two
people are unlike" Gardner (1983). Gardner 's theory has been adopted by many schools, has an
impact in the education system, a lot of teacher's included on their bloom's taxonomy the different
intelligences to understand how the information is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning
process, utilizing the tools to deliver instruction effectively. There are environmental, cognitive and
emotional variables that play an important role in the learning process. Multiple Intelligences
Theory A learning theory is an attempt to describe how people and animals learn; thereby helping us
understands the inherently complex process of learning. Gardner theories of multiple intelligences
should "empower learners", not restrict them to one modality of learning. He studies intelligence
where individuals differ is in the strength of these intelligences and in the ways in which such
intelligences are involved and combined to carry out different responsibilities, solve diverse
problems, and

Examples Of Multiple Intelligences
Theoretical Framework
The theory related in this study is the Gardner's multiple Intelligences focusing on the "Bodily–
Kinesthetic". The Gardner's Multiple Intelligences is a psychological theory and the different
unrelated forms of intelligences about the eightprimary intelligences proposed by Dr. Howard
Gardner last 1983 from his book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. That
includes visual/spatial, verbal/linguistic, logical/mathematical, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal,
naturalist, existentialist and bodily kinesthetic. In this study the intelligence includes is Bodily
Kinesthetic. Gardner (1999) theory defined multiple intelligences as "an account of human cognition
in its fullness. The intelligences provided 'a new definition of human nature, cognitively speaking'
(Gardner, 1999). Human beings are organisms who possess a basic set of intelligences. Stating ...
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H1: There is significant difference between the performance of the students in virtual game and
practical performance in Physical Education.
Significance of the Study The findings of this study will benefit the deans and academic heads,
teachers, students, and future researchers as a basis for determining the virtual games and practical
performance of students in physical education
Deans and Academic Heads. This could help them determine the needs of the students belonging to
their institute. This study can help them create ideas that they could share with PE teachers and
academic organizations in their institute in order to be able to implement activities, agendas,
seminars that could boost and enhance the students' performance and awareness in terms of the
effects of playing virtual games in their practical

What Is Multiple Intelligence Summary
Multiple Intelligences Summarized and Reviewed by Maryam Tello What is intelligence? This
question has been asked for centuries, however, the general meaning of intelligence is the ability to
acquire and apply skills and the tools which was traditionally used to measure intelligence. The IQ
test measures a person's intelligence by calculating the ratio of a person's mental age to their
chronological age and multiplying it by a 100. This test has been historically used to estimate who
will succeed in life and who won't, and in my opinion, the general definition of intelligence goes
hand in hand with this, because to achieve traditional success one must have the ability to acquire
and apply skills. But why does our definition of intelligence even matter? It's because along with
this one ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A traditional school (the author has labeled these kind of schools "uniform schools") teach the basic
set of facts that everyone should know, however, these types of schools only work for a certain kind
of mind (labeled the IQ mind.) while the rest of us aren't that compatible with it, therefore the author
has created the "Theory Of Multiple Intelligences. a theory that introduces a pluralistic view of the
mind, one that acknowledges and recognizes different types of intelligences. The author believes
that all individuals possess, to some extent, a set of cognitive abilities and skills (aka intelligences.)
however, all individuals differ in the degree and combinations of skills, I believe that this theory is
necessary because it introduces a more humane version of education that works for everyone, and
the belief that people learn in different ways. In the following section I will be introducing the
intelligences that were proposed in the early 1980s (by Howard Gardner),

Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Theory Paper
Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory in the Classroom In this paper, I will first describe Howard
Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory (MI) in detail, then I will explain my reasoning as to why I
have chosen Gardner's theory as the subject for this research analysis, and lastly I will include five
suitable methods and strategies for incorporating MI theory into everyday classroom use. The
pedagogical approaches listed will contain several procedures that are specific to my future high
school history class, and a few general strategies that can be implemented by any educator who
chooses to utilize them. Howard Gardner is a cognitive psychologist from Harvard University. In
1983, he wrote the first of many subsequent books regarding ... Show more content on
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The ninth (and most recently discovered by Gardner) intelligence is Existential intelligence: the
ability to construct and analyze questions about human existence, such as the meaning of life
(McFarlane, 2011). Because the ninth intelligence is new, there has not been much evidential
research on it (Ormrod, 2014, p.121) and therefore, I will not mention it in my examples of ways to
incorporate Gardner's Multiple Intelligences into the classroom. Gardner proposes that because these
eight types of intelligences are biologically based, they are malleable and therefore "capable of
evolving" (Aborn, 2006). Aborn points out that Gardner's theory is drastically different from many
previous widely accepted intelligence philosophies, "such as the Stanford–Binet IQ Test, which is
based on...one type of [genetic] intelligence...and [remains] fixed throughout life" (2006, p. 83).
Furthermore, it must be noted that the Multiple Intelligences theory suggests that each individual
person is born with capabilities in all eight intelligences. According to Thomas Armstrong, in his
book, Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom, 3rd Edition (2009): Some people appear to possess
extremely high levels of functioning in all or most of the eight intelligences... Other people, such
as...severely

Reflection Of Following Multiple Intelligences
Following multiple intelligences, he believes encompass human capability" (Berns, pg. 254).
Children are very different and adapt to different learning styles; one multiple intelligence that
works for one student may not work for another student. This is why it is crucial for teachers to
know the different learning styles of their students. 1. Logical–mathematical– skills related to
solving logical problems and performing mathematical calculations. Some of the teaching styles I
would use for this intelligence would be to do experiments that relate to science and math that
requires math calculations and solving logical problems. I would also challenge them with their
math/number skills by giving them math problems to solve for fun. I will incorporate math into
other subjects to see that we use math every day. As a teacher, I would see that they like to
categorize and classify thing, so I would make sure that I would do that since that is how they work
best. 2. Linguistic– skills related to the meaning, sound, and rhythm of words as well as the use of
language. Some teaching styles I would use for this intelligence would be at to let these students
have a chance of retelling stories and using their imagination. I would also provide study guides in
my classroom because these students tend to learn better when they can memorize names, places,
dates, etc. Also, and do a memorization game over materials. These students are good at when they
can see words written down, so as I

Howard Gardner: Four Types Of Multiple Intelligences
Title: Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligence Theory Multiple intelligences are intellectual capacities
that every human being has. Everyone has different multiple intelligences, an identical twin, even
though they share same genetic but they still have different multiple intelligences. This is because
everyone grows with dissimilar experiences and lives in different environment. Multiple
intelligences consist of eight elements which are musical intelligence, bodily–kinaesthetic
intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, naturalistic intelligence spatial
intelligence, logical–mathematics intelligence, and linguistics intelligence (refer to Appendix 1,
Figure 1) . The first type of multiple intelligences as proposed by Gardner is musical intelligence.
Someone with the ability of playing musical instruments, able to detect pitches, rhythms and any
patterns in music, enjoy listening to and compose fine music and in addition capable in learning
concepts thus turning them into lyrics effortlessly are to be said they have demonstrate musical ...
Intrapersonal is more to understanding of oneself or self–awareness where this type of intelligence
can direct our desire to the specific goals according to their planning and organizing their actions in
a premeditated and strategic ways (Davis et al, 2002). For those who had intelligence in
Intrapersonal they can mix around with different types of personality as well where they can easily
adjust their own attitude and emotions towards other. Most of the peoples love to have this kind of
personality where they can control and motivate themselves to be a better person without depending
on others. For example, When Mugilan had a stressful situation during the final exam, to overcome
his stressful situation he will listen to his favourite music to calm down

Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligence Theory
Introduction Learners and their learning styles are different. The aim of this essay is to illustrate how
Gardner's multiple intelligence theory can be implemented in managing a class using a case study.
This essay is structured according to the following headings, multiple intelligence theory. Here, a
concise definition of the theory, key concepts, and criticism will be discussed. After the discussion,
the given scenario will be stated and key aspects will be highlighted. Following this discussion, said
theory will be applied to the given scenario, with special attention given to English Home Language.
In this part of the essay, techniques a teacher can use, will be discussed and applied to the given case
study. Multiple intelligence theory Multiple intelligence is a theory formulated by Howard Gardner.
Said theory, initially, stated that there are seven different types of intelligence; which ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Later, an eight type was added. Furthermore, each type of intelligence is distinct as it follows its
own developmental route (Shaffer, 1999:319). The initial types of intelligence were (1) linguistic,
(2) logical–mathematical, (3) spatial, (4) body–kinaesthetic, (5) musical, (6) interpersonal, and (7)
intrapersonal intelligence. Linguistic intelligence, the first type, deals with a person's ability to use
both written and oral language effectively. Said type is also known as verbal intelligence. The
second type logical–mathematical intelligence, on the other hand, deals with the ability to reason
well and use numbers effectively. Visual intelligence, the third type, deals with a person's ability to
graphically represent visual and spatial ideas, and to identify line, shape, colour, form, and space.
Said intelligence type is also referred to as spatial intelligence. The fourth type of intelligence is
bodily

Ganesan Multiple Intelligence
Based on the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Ganesan is categorised as an individual with strong
bodily–kinaesthetic intelligence, but weak logical–mathematical intelligence. The current Malaysian
education system emphasises more on academic performances. When Ganesan failed to get good
grades in his studies, he would be labelled as 'stupid'. However, when Ganesan performed well in
his football games and matches, teachers are not giving him credits on that. The Malaysian school
education system focuses more on the academic results of students, often neglects the co–curriculum
activities, such as sports and event organising (Shahran, 2013). In order to get the ideal results,
students would memorise a lot, even if it means to sacrifice the time for extra co–curricular
activities for study. Students only develop the skills to tackle school examinations, but chances to be
exposed to real–time challenges have been reduced. Thus, even though students might get many ...
Unlike the current "spoon–feeding" teaching pattern of Malaysian education system, students have
to memorise to cope with studies for the sake of obtaining good grades. As per contra, this theory
has its downside. For instance, it does not have solid research in classroom, due to the limited
research to exhibit the effectiveness of this theory implementing in school (Armstrong, 2009,
para.7). Nevertheless, the education system should not restrain students to only pursue academic
success, instead it should provide platforms for pupils to exert and develop their abilities freely.
When the education is matured and students' potentials are allowed to develop without restriction,
students like Ganesan will certainly enjoy going to school with enthusiasm because he can perform
his talents in and outside classroom without

People may think that each student learns the same way yet that is not true. Each child is different,
and it depends on their learning ability and intelligence. Intelligence is conventionally defined as a
uniform cognitive capacity with which people are born. Howard Gardner defines intelligence as the
ability to solve problems, or to create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings.
Today, there are nine distinct intelligences. Some of these include musical, interpersonal, existential
and a few more (2004). The Theory of Multiple Intelligences has helped students that learn,
remember, perform, and understand in different ways (Lane).
Howard Gardner is the scientist who came up with the Theory of Multiple ... Show more content on
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The third intelligences is visual/spatial. These students can formulate pictures and models in their
mind. They are good with painting and sculpting art, and teachers allow students to express this
through art projects, charts, and video software (2004).
Three more intelligences are bodily/kinesthetic, naturalistic, and musical. Bodily/kinesthetic
intelligences are bodily that process information through what they feel and sensations in their body
(Lane). In order to help them learn, they have to interact with others, and they also need to act out
what they are doing. Teachers help students embrace this through hands on activities or acting out
their lessons (2004). Naturalistic intelligences can easily identify plants, animals, and anything out
in nature. They can easily tell you what blooms this time of year and what is in hibernation.
Teachers will typically do classification activities with these children to help them learn (Lane).
Musical learners can compose music, determine notes, and read the music. They learn best through
song and rhythm which is why teachers sometimes make up songs with lyrics in order to get the
lesson taught.
The last three intelligences are interpersonal, intrapersonal, and existential. An interpersonal learner
can interpret the actions, moods, and motivations of others. They have to be good at communication
and also have great people skills.

This essay will evaluate the theory of multiple intelligences in relation to Nelson Mandela; it will be
split into three main sections. Firstly, explaining the theory of multiple intelligence as a whole, then
giving a brief biography of Nelson Mandela and his life achievements. Finally, I will focus in more
detail on one particular category of intelligence in Gardner's theory; interpersonal intelligence. One
of the multiple intelligence 's stated by Gardner 's theory. This part of the essay will evaluate the
theory, by applying the concept of interpersonal intelligence to Mandela.
Gardner 's theory of multiple intelligences (frames of mind) is based upon two main assumptions.
One is that intelligence is not a single concept, as suggested by the idea of general intelligence.
Gardner argues human cognition is a set of abilities or skills; which he calls intelligence. Thus, he
suggests there are multiple types of intelligence; a pluralist view of the mind. Proposing the wide
variety of cognitive abilities humans are capable of need to be considered in relation to intelligence.
The seven types of intelligence Gardner claims in his theory; logical– mathematical, linguistic,
musical, spatial, bodily– kinaesthetic, interpersonal and intrapersonal, they are autonomous from
one another. Gardner explains all individuals have these skills on a basic level, however people
differ in ability between each skill. Thus, some educational implications can be made as this
suggests some

Controversy Of Multiple Intelligence
McKensey Matlock Cognitive Science 2/12/16 The Controversy of Multiple Intelligence After
reading multiple articles about multiple intelligence it seems that there has been major controversy's
over this is issue. There are three theories that go into this debate. The Mozart effect theory, the
multiple intelligence theory and the emotional intelligence theory. These theories are widely known
in education but do they have the support needed to become valid? This is the debate that we need to
look into if we are going to be using these theories as principles in education. Some researchers
believe that the none of the following theories have enough empirical evidence to validate these
theories. From the research found ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In these articles Waterhouse has the opportunity to address some of the critiques that Gardner has
proposed and has come up with some very valuable insight such as the idea that the proposed
evidence does not validate the Multiple intelligence theory. These proposed studies are urged to
have only hypothesized that there is a multiple intelligence theory and was not validated in any of
these studies. It is also argued that in Gardner and Moran (2006) they did not specify a crucial part
of their argument which is the question of which MI is support of what evidence of the neural
system. Waterhouse (2006) also goes on to state that the different levels of multiple intelligence
were understood and outlined in the original article that is being critiqued and is said to have the
same evolutionary scope. When reading these articles, it has become very apparent that the idea of
multiple intelligence needs to look into this idea on a deeper level. There has been much research
done to do this, but there has not been a breakthrough to really validate all the assumptions made in
these articles. If the theory of multiple intelligence can be validated it could not only expand the
advancements of education, but could also help to really understand how

Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligence Theories

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