Data collection is an important part of research that requires standardized methods to gather accurate information. There are two main types of data collection: primary data collected directly from individuals through methods like interviews, observations, questionnaires, and diaries, and secondary data collected from outside sources like hospital records, censuses, and surveys. Inaccurate data collection can compromise the validity of research results.

1. AKASH RATNAKAR PAWAR
4TH YEAR (BASIC BSC NURSING)

2.  Data collection is an important aspect of any
type of research study. Inaccurate collection
can impact the result of a study and ultimately
lead to invalid result.
Data collection is the process of gathering and
measuring data, information or any variables of
interest in a standardized and established
manner that enables the collector to answer or
test hypothesis and evaluate outcomes of the
particular collection

3. TYPES OF DATA
COLLECTION
PRIMARY
DATA
SECOUNDA
RY DATA

4. PRIMARY DATA :(Raw data)
When the data is gathered directly
by the researcher for the first time it is called
PRIMARY DATA.
The collected data directly from
individuals by face to face survey. It is also first
hand information.
Ex.
1) data related to health from an individual.
2) data related to illness from an individual.

5. PRIMARY
METHOD
OBSERVATION
DATA
INTERVIEW
METHOD
Dairies
QUESTIONNAIRE
METHOD

6. METHODS:
 Interview method :
Interviews are undertaken
on personal, one to one basic or in a group.
Interview can be conducted at work, home as well
as any fixed place which was agreed by the both
parties.
Its classified into two:
1)structured interview
2)unstructured interview

7. Advantages of interview method:
1)its is the way to collect in depth information
2)feedback and respondent rate is good
3)help can be provided immediately
Disadvantages of interview method:
1)it requires more money
2)it requires more time
3) investigator must b well trained
4)prefixed set of questions are requried

8.  Observation method :
This method lets one to
assess the dynamics of a situation. This is a
systematic way of data collection. Its is a method to
record behavioral pattern of people in a systematic
manner.
observation visits can be
formal , well planned, and objective based .
observation visits to community can help to gain lot
of information about geographical area of the
community.
accordingly observation

9.  Questionnaire method:
Questionnaires are
also one of the most common methods of
primary data collection. It can set for large
number of people and save researchers time
and money.
this can be used for
the purpose of interviewing or telephonic
survey. It can be posted ,emailed or faxed . it
is simple but it requires a certain level of
education and skills from respondents.

10.  Diaries :
diaries are to record the data
obtained from the individual .
the data from the people which was
expressed in depth can be recorded and
utilized for research purpose.

11. SECOUNDARY DATA :
Data collected from another
sources or other sources or outside the
sources are known as SECOUNDARY DATA.
Ex:
1)Data taken from hospital record
2) Data taken from censes

12. METHODS
Census
National
survey
Registration
of vital
events
Record
review
method

13. Census :
Census is defined the simultaneous
recording of demographics ,social , and
economic data of a countries population on
a specified day.
- Census is conducted by national
government after every 10 years.
- The first census conducted on 1881.
- The census is providing information
includes age ,sex ,marital status, language,
education, occupation, economic status,
place of birth, numbers of death etc.

14. National Survey:
National survey means survey
conducted at central level to collect the
information related to population from various
states.
Registration of vital events :
It is an important source for
getting information about vital events such as
births, death, marriages etc.
It is done by various agencies
like panchayath , corporation, municipality, police,
hospital etc.

15. Record review method :
Much of community
identification information such as housing
condition, socio-economic status,
demographic information, vital events,
health services, etc are available in the
records maintained in health agencies.