This document discusses data and methods for data collection. It defines data as numerical facts that are collected systematically for a predetermined purpose. There are two main sources of data: primary and secondary. Primary data is collected directly by the researcher, and can be gathered through observation, interviews, questionnaires, or schedules. Secondary data was previously collected by someone else and the researcher makes use of it. Common primary data collection methods include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and schedules.

2. Lecture Outline:
•What is Data ?
•What are different sources of Data?
•How to collect Data from different
sources ?

3. Keywords
1. Phenomenon
2. Questionnaire
3. Interview
4. Economists

4. Data are numerical facts. They are
figures collected in a systematic manner
for a pre determined purpose. Those
figures are aggregate of facts relating to
one or more phenomenon of study. It is
from the data collected that a researcher
study about a phenomenon and draw
conclusions.
WHAT IS DATA

5. Data Collection Flow

6. The sources of information are generally classified as
primary or secondary.
PRIMARY DATA
When the researcher himself is trying to collect the
data for his particular purpose from the sources
available it becomes primary data.

7.  Observation method
 Interview method
 Questionnaire method
 Schedule method

8. Observation method as the name itself indicates is
based on observation. Observation is keen and
scientific study of a problem.
For example:- in a study of consumer behavior the
investigator instead of asking the brand of wrist watch
used by the respondent, may himself look a the watch.

9. Interview method is a direct method of collection of
data, which is based on interview. It is the most
important methods of collection of data. Through this
method we can know the views and ideas of other
persons. It s a method of social interaction.
Interviews can be conducted through personal and
telephone.

10. This is an important and very popular method of data
collection. This is adopted by individuals, organization
and government. In this method, a questionnaire is
prepared and sent to respondent by post. It is a set of
questions. The success of this method depends on the
proper drafting of the questions.

11. It is a proforma containing a set of questions. This
proforma is filled by enumerators who are specially
identified for the purpose. The enumerators are persons
acting under the direction of researchers.
Requisite of a good schedule
 Accurate communication
 Schedules must be attractive
 Schedules must be attractive

12. Primary data are original in character
because the researcher himself collects
the data. Secondary data are not
original. They collected by somebody
else. The researcher only makes use of
them.

13. Q1. Data are _____ facts.
a) Historical
b) Aesthetical
c) Numerical
d) None of the above

14. Q2. The published data can be of
______ types.
1. One
2. Two
3. Three
4. Five