Personality and Job Behavior

Personality and Job BehaviorPersonality and Job Behavior
Topics CoveredTopics Covered
●●DefinitionDefinition
●●Factors ofFactors of
PersonalityPersonality
●●Types ofTypes of
●●MatchingMatching
Personalities andPersonalities and
JobsJobs
●●Measurement ofMeasurement of
Syed Md. Sajjad KabirSyed Md. Sajjad Kabir
Lecturer, University of ChittagongLecturer, University of ChittagongSMS Kabir, smskabir@psy.jnu.ac.bd;
smskabir218@gmail.com 1

Definition of PersonalityDefinition of Personality
Personality is known by thePersonality is known by the
conduct, behavior, activities,conduct, behavior, activities,
movements and everything elsemovements and everything else
concerning the individual.concerning the individual.
The most characteristic integrationThe most characteristic integration
of an individual’s structure, modes ofof an individual’s structure, modes of
behavior, interests, attitudes,behavior, interests, attitudes,
capacities, abilities and aptitudes.capacities, abilities and aptitudes.
It is the organization of the internalIt is the organization of the internal
and external activities.and external activities.SMS Kabir, smskabir@psy.jnu.ac.bd;

Definition of PersonalityDefinition of Personality
Some people are quiet and passive;Some people are quiet and passive;
others are loud and aggressive. Whenothers are loud and aggressive. When
we describe people in terms ofwe describe people in terms of
characteristics such as quiet, passive,characteristics such as quiet, passive,
loud, aggressive, ambitious, loyal, orloud, aggressive, ambitious, loyal, or
sociable, we are categorizing them insociable, we are categorizing them in
terms of personality traits.terms of personality traits.
An individual’s personality is theAn individual’s personality is the
combination of psychological traitscombination of psychological traits
we use to classify that person.we use to classify that person.
SMS Kabir, smskabir@psy.jnu.ac.bd;

Psychologists have studied personality traitsPsychologists have studied personality traits
extensively, resulting in the identification of sixteenextensively, resulting in the identification of sixteen
primary personality traits.primary personality traits.
1.1. ReservedReserved Vs.Vs. OutgoingOutgoing
2.2. Low intelligenceLow intelligence Vs.Vs. High intelligenceHigh intelligence
3.3. Affected by feelingsAffected by feelings Vs.Vs. Emotionally StableEmotionally Stable
4.4. SubmissiveSubmissive
(Obedient)(Obedient)
Vs.Vs. DominantDominant
5.5. SeriousSerious Vs.Vs. Happy-go-luckyHappy-go-lucky
6.6. ExpedientExpedient Vs.Vs. ConscientiousConscientious
7.7. TimidTimid Vs.Vs. VenturesomeVenturesome

8.8. Tough-mindedTough-minded Vs.Vs. SensitiveSensitive
9.9. TrustingTrusting Vs.Vs. SuspiciousSuspicious
10.10. PracticalPractical Vs.Vs. ImaginativeImaginative
11.11. ForthrightForthright Vs.Vs. ShrewdShrewd
12.12. Self-assuredSelf-assured Vs.Vs. ApprehensiveApprehensive
13.13. ConservativeConservative Vs.Vs. ExperimentingExperimenting
14.14. Group-dependentGroup-dependent Vs.Vs. Self-sufficientSelf-sufficient
15.15. UncontrolledUncontrolled Vs.Vs. ControlledControlled
16.16. RelaxedRelaxed Vs.Vs. TenseTense

 Natural FactorsNatural Factors
 Heredity:Heredity: Potential abilities ofPotential abilities of
children tend to show similaritieschildren tend to show similarities
with those of their parents.with those of their parents.
 Physical Structure:Physical Structure: PhysicalPhysical
disabilities change the personality of adisabilities change the personality of a
person. For example, a blind man isperson. For example, a blind man is
bound to depends on others.bound to depends on others.
FACTORS OF PERSONALITYFACTORS OF PERSONALITY

 Environmental FactorsEnvironmental Factors
 Family:Family: Healthy atmosphereHealthy atmosphere
of the family helps to form of aof the family helps to form of a
child’s personality.child’s personality.
 Institution:Institution: Institution playsInstitution plays
the role to build the personalitythe role to build the personality
right after the family.right after the family.

 Group:Group: Like as playmate, schoolmate,Like as playmate, schoolmate,
social groups, colleagues in work place,social groups, colleagues in work place,
religious group etc. each group has its ownreligious group etc. each group has its own
unique principles. The personalityunique principles. The personality
depends on these unique principles.depends on these unique principles.
 Culture:Culture: The person who grows up in aThe person who grows up in a
social class where his/her sense of value,social class where his/her sense of value,
expectations, behavior, norm etc. is beingexpectations, behavior, norm etc. is being
influenced by the same social class thatinfluenced by the same social class that
gives a shape of his/her personality.gives a shape of his/her personality.

Introvert Personality:Introvert Personality: IntrovertIntrovert
people are very silent and selfpeople are very silent and self
centered in every case. They don’tcentered in every case. They don’t
want to express themselves. Theywant to express themselves. They
feel shy to mix with others. Theyfeel shy to mix with others. They
don’t like to mix with others. Sodon’t like to mix with others. So
this people lack the sense of socialthis people lack the sense of social
belongings.belongings.
TYPES OF PERSONALITYTYPES OF PERSONALITY

Extrovert Personality:Extrovert Personality: They are veryThey are very
curious for the outer world. They want tocurious for the outer world. They want to
mix with others and they don’t likemix with others and they don’t like
silence and loneliness. They like theirsilence and loneliness. They like their
work and they are lively. They are busywork and they are lively. They are busy
with much kind of social activities. Theywith much kind of social activities. They
are not interested for themselves. Theyare not interested for themselves. They
can adjust at any situation in their life.can adjust at any situation in their life.
Ambivert Personality:Ambivert Personality: Some people haveSome people have
mix personality of introvert or extrovert.mix personality of introvert or extrovert.
They are very self-conscious.They are very self-conscious.

Big Five factorsBig Five factors
Extroversion: Extraverts tend to beExtroversion: Extraverts tend to be
gregarious,gregarious, assertive, andassertive, and ssociable.ociable.
Introverts tend to be reserved, timid, andIntroverts tend to be reserved, timid, and
quit.quit.
Agreeableness:Agreeableness: Good-natured, cooperativeGood-natured, cooperative
and trusting.and trusting.
People who score low on agreeableness arePeople who score low on agreeableness are
cold, disagreeable and antagonistic.cold, disagreeable and antagonistic.
Conscientiousness:Conscientiousness: Responsible, dependable,Responsible, dependable,
persistent, organized and achievementpersistent, organized and achievement
oriented.oriented.

Big Five factorsBig Five factors
Emotional Stability:Emotional Stability: People with positivePeople with positive
emotional stability tend to be calm, self-emotional stability tend to be calm, self-
confident and secure.confident and secure.
Those with high negative scores tend to beThose with high negative scores tend to be
nervous, anxious depressed, and insecure.nervous, anxious depressed, and insecure.
Openness to Experience:Openness to Experience: Extremely openExtremely open
people are creative, curious and, artisticallypeople are creative, curious and, artistically
sensitive.sensitive.
Those at the other end of the opennessThose at the other end of the openness
category are conventional and find comfort incategory are conventional and find comfort in
the familiar.the familiar.

MATCHING PERSONALITIES AND JOBSMATCHING PERSONALITIES AND JOBS
The most researched personality job-The most researched personality job-
fit theory is thefit theory is the six-personality-typessix-personality-types
modelmodel. This model states that an. This model states that an
employee’s satisfaction with andemployee’s satisfaction with and
propensity to leave his or her jobpropensity to leave his or her job
depend on the degree to which thedepend on the degree to which the
individual’s personality matches hisindividual’s personality matches his
or her occupational environment.or her occupational environment.

Holland’s Typology of Personality and Sample OccupationsHolland’s Typology of Personality and Sample Occupations
TypeType Personality CharacteristicsPersonality Characteristics Sample OccupationsSample Occupations
Realistic:Realistic: Prefers physicalPrefers physical
activities that require skill,activities that require skill,
strength, and coordinationstrength, and coordination
Shy, genuine, persistent,Shy, genuine, persistent,
stable, conforming,stable, conforming,
practicalpractical
Mechanic, drill pressMechanic, drill press
operator, assembly lineoperator, assembly line
worker, farmerworker, farmer
Investigative:Investigative: PrefersPrefers
activities involving thinking,activities involving thinking,
organizing, andorganizing, and
understandingunderstanding
Analytical, original, curious,Analytical, original, curious,
independentindependent
Biologist, economist,Biologist, economist,
mathematician, newsmathematician, news
reporterreporter
Social:Social: Prefers activitiesPrefers activities
that involve helping andthat involve helping and
developing othersdeveloping others
Sociable, friendly,Sociable, friendly,
cooperative, understandingcooperative, understanding
Social worker, teacher,Social worker, teacher,
counselor, clinicalcounselor, clinical
psychologistpsychologist
Conventional:Conventional: Prefers rule-Prefers rule-
regulated, orderly, andregulated, orderly, and
unambiguous activitiesunambiguous activities
Conforming, efficient,Conforming, efficient,
practical, unimaginative,practical, unimaginative,
inflexibleinflexible
Accountant, corporateAccountant, corporate
manager, bank teller, filemanager, bank teller, file
clerkclerk
Enterprising:Enterprising: Prefers verbalPrefers verbal
activities where there areactivities where there are
opportunities to influenceopportunities to influence
others and attain powerothers and attain power
Self-confident, ambitious,Self-confident, ambitious,
energetic, domineeringenergetic, domineering
business managerbusiness manager
Lawyer, real estate agent,Lawyer, real estate agent,
public relations specialist,public relations specialist,
smallsmall
Artistic:Artistic: Prefers ambiguousPrefers ambiguous
and unsystematic activitiesand unsystematic activities
that allow creativethat allow creative
expressionexpression
Imaginative, disorderly,Imaginative, disorderly,
idealistic, emotional,idealistic, emotional,
impracticalimpractical
Painter, musician, writer,Painter, musician, writer,
interior decoratorinterior decorator

1. Case History Method:1. Case History Method: CaseCase
history supplies all the factshistory supplies all the facts
related to man’s environmentrelated to man’s environment
and heredity. This method canand heredity. This method can
be employed to study bothbe employed to study both
normal and abnormalnormal and abnormal
personality but it needspersonality but it needs
experienced testers.experienced testers.
MEASUREMENT OFMEASUREMENT OF
PERSONALITYPERSONALITY

2. Interview Method:2. Interview Method: Widely usedWidely used
in the selection of people forin the selection of people for
government, semi-governmentgovernment, semi-government
and private services. In this,and private services. In this,
the subject and the tester sitthe subject and the tester sit
facing each other and thefacing each other and the
former answers questionsformer answers questions
asked by the latter.asked by the latter.
MEASUREMENT OF PERSONALITYMEASUREMENT OF PERSONALITY

3. Questionnaire Method:3. Questionnaire Method: It is a list ofIt is a list of
selected questions the answers toselected questions the answers to
which throw light upon different traitswhich throw light upon different traits
of personality. Questionnaires areof personality. Questionnaires are
used to gain knowledge of traits likeused to gain knowledge of traits like
self-confidence, sociability,self-confidence, sociability,
introversion or extroversion, tendencyintroversion or extroversion, tendency
to dominate or be dominated, etc.to dominate or be dominated, etc.

4. Performance Method:4. Performance Method: The subject is givenThe subject is given
a variety of specific jobs to be performeda variety of specific jobs to be performed
and the particular trait of his personality isand the particular trait of his personality is
examined.examined.
5. Rating Method:5. Rating Method: Procedure is of two types.Procedure is of two types.
One, the subject is asked to answerOne, the subject is asked to answer
questions related to traits of personality.questions related to traits of personality.
The answers, which the subject offers orThe answers, which the subject offers or
selects, exhibit his personality. Anotherselects, exhibit his personality. Another
way of applying the rating method is toway of applying the rating method is to
place the subject in real situations andplace the subject in real situations and
then study his behavior and reactions.then study his behavior and reactions.

6. Situation Test:6. Situation Test: The subject is placed inThe subject is placed in
some specific situations and the traitssome specific situations and the traits
of his personality are ascertained.of his personality are ascertained.
Actually, it resembles theActually, it resembles the
performance method; the differenceperformance method; the difference
laying in the fact that in this case thelaying in the fact that in this case the
person is placed in a situation while inperson is placed in a situation while in
the performance method he is giventhe performance method he is given
some work to do.some work to do.

7. Projective Technique:7. Projective Technique: The mostThe most
popular of all the methods for thepopular of all the methods for the
investigation of personality is theinvestigation of personality is the
projective method. Its name suggestsprojective method. Its name suggests
the fact that it is founded upon thethe fact that it is founded upon the
element of projection. Two tests in theelement of projection. Two tests in the
projective techniques are more widelyprojective techniques are more widely
used- (a) Rorschach ink blot test andused- (a) Rorschach ink blot test and
(b) Murray’s Thematic Apperception(b) Murray’s Thematic Apperception
Test.Test.

Personality and Job Behavior

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Personality and Job Behavior

Similar to Personality and Job Behavior (20)

More from Curtin University, Perth, Australia

More from Curtin University, Perth, Australia (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Personality and Job Behavior