Mental Health

MENTALMENTAL
HEALTHHEALTH
Sunday, February 25, 2018Sunday, February 25, 2018
BOOK REFERENCE: KABIR, SMS (2017).BOOK REFERENCE: KABIR, SMS (2017).
ESSENTIALS OF COUNSELING. ABOSARESSENTIALS OF COUNSELING. ABOSAR
PROKASHANA SANGSTHA, BANGLABAZAR,PROKASHANA SANGSTHA, BANGLABAZAR,
DHAKA-1100 ISBN: 978-984-8798-22-5,DHAKA-1100 ISBN: 978-984-8798-22-5,
DKAKA - 1100; SMSKABIR@PSY.JNU.AC.BD;DKAKA - 1100; SMSKABIR@PSY.JNU.AC.BD;
1
 Is the balance between all aspect of lifeIs the balance between all aspect of life
 SocialSocial
 PhysicalPhysical
 Spiritual andSpiritual and
 EmotionalEmotional
 Has to do with many aspect of our lives including:Has to do with many aspect of our lives including:
 How we feel about ourselvesHow we feel about ourselves
 How we feel about othersHow we feel about others
 How we are able to meet the demand of lifeHow we are able to meet the demand of life
It’s a integral part of our overall life.It’s a integral part of our overall life.

MENTALMENTAL
HEALTHHEALTH
Sunday, February 25, 2018Sunday, February 25, 2018
2
WHO defines: A state of well-WHO defines: A state of well-
being in which thebeing in which the
individual realizes his/herindividual realizes his/her
own abilities, can cop withown abilities, can cop with
the normal stresses of life,the normal stresses of life,
can work productively andcan work productively and
fruitfully, and is able tofruitfully, and is able to
make a contribution tomake a contribution to
his/her community.his/her community.BOOK REFERENCE: KABIR, SMS (2017).BOOK REFERENCE: KABIR, SMS (2017).

IMPORTANCE OFIMPORTANCE OF
MENTAL HEALTHMENTAL HEALTH
Mental health has a huge impact onMental health has a huge impact on
every aspect of our life.every aspect of our life.
 Self imageSelf image
 EducationEducation
 RelationshipsRelationships
 SleepSleep
 EatingEating
 Physical healthPhysical health
Sunday, February 25, 2018
3

HOW MENTAL HEALTHHOW MENTAL HEALTH
AFFECTS OUR HEALTHAFFECTS OUR HEALTH
 Mental health improve the qualityMental health improve the quality
of life.of life.
 When we are free of depression,When we are free of depression,
anxiety, excessive stress, worry,anxiety, excessive stress, worry,
addiction and other psychologicaladdiction and other psychological
problems we are more able to liveproblems we are more able to live
our lives to the fullest.our lives to the fullest.
 Peace of mind is natural and itsPeace of mind is natural and its
can available to everyone bycan available to everyone by
ensuring mental health.ensuring mental health.
4

STRENGTHENS AND SUPPORTSTRENGTHENS AND SUPPORT
OUR ABILITYOUR ABILITY
 Have healthy relationshipsHave healthy relationships
 Make good life choicesMake good life choices
 Maintain physical health and well-beingMaintain physical health and well-being
 Deal with your emotionDeal with your emotion
 Handle the natural ups and downs of lifeHandle the natural ups and downs of life
 Discover and grow toward our potentialDiscover and grow toward our potential
5

SCENARIO OFSCENARIO OF
BANGLADESH…BANGLADESH…
6
According to National Mental Health Survey in 2003-2005 aboutAccording to National Mental Health Survey in 2003-2005 about
16.05% of the adult populations in the country are suffering from mental16.05% of the adult populations in the country are suffering from mental
disorders.disorders.
Of all users treated in mental health outpatient facilities, 44% areOf all users treated in mental health outpatient facilities, 44% are
female and 7% are children or adolescents.female and 7% are children or adolescents.
The users treated in outpatient facilities are primarily diagnosed withThe users treated in outpatient facilities are primarily diagnosed with
schizophrenia (30%), mood disorders (20%) and neurotic disordersschizophrenia (30%), mood disorders (20%) and neurotic disorders
(20%).(20%).
There are 50 outpatient mental health facilities and no facility providesThere are 50 outpatient mental health facilities and no facility provides
follow-up care in the community. There is no day treatment mentalfollow-up care in the community. There is no day treatment mental
health facility in the country. There are 31 community-based psychiatrichealth facility in the country. There are 31 community-based psychiatric
inpatient units for a total of 0.58 bed per 100,000 population and oninpatient units for a total of 0.58 bed per 100,000 population and on
average patients spend 29 days in the facility per discharge.average patients spend 29 days in the facility per discharge.
There are 11 community residential facilities in the country and 55% ofThere are 11 community residential facilities in the country and 55% of
the beds in these facilities are for children and adolescents and 81% ofthe beds in these facilities are for children and adolescents and 81% of
admitted patients are female and 73% of them are children [WHO, 2007:admitted patients are female and 73% of them are children [WHO, 2007:
Mental Health System in Bangladesh].Mental Health System in Bangladesh].

SCENARIO OFSCENARIO OF
BANGLADESH…BANGLADESH…
7
Bangladesh’s mental health policy, strategy and planBangladesh’s mental health policy, strategy and plan
was approved in 2006 as a part of policy, strategy andwas approved in 2006 as a part of policy, strategy and
action plan for surveillance and prevention of Non-action plan for surveillance and prevention of Non-
Communicable Diseases (NCD) and community basedCommunicable Diseases (NCD) and community based
activities in mental health is the main approach of theactivities in mental health is the main approach of the
policy.policy.
A list of essential medicines is present in the countryA list of essential medicines is present in the country
including antipsychotics, anxiolytics, antidepressants,including antipsychotics, anxiolytics, antidepressants,
mood stabilizers and antiepileptic drugs.mood stabilizers and antiepileptic drugs.
The amount of money spent for mental health servicesThe amount of money spent for mental health services
by the government health department in 2005 was Takaby the government health department in 2005 was Taka
10,62,54,224.00 which was less than 0.5% of health care10,62,54,224.00 which was less than 0.5% of health care
expenditures by the government. Of all the expendituresexpenditures by the government. Of all the expenditures
spent on mental health, 67% are devoted to mentalspent on mental health, 67% are devoted to mental
hospital.hospital.BOOK REFERENCE: KABIR, SMS (2017).BOOK REFERENCE: KABIR, SMS (2017).

TREATMENTS ANDTREATMENTS AND
STRATEGIES FOR MENTALSTRATEGIES FOR MENTAL
HEALTH PROBLEMSHEALTH PROBLEMS
 Self helpSelf help
 Diet and mental healthDiet and mental health
 The function of fats and amino acidsThe function of fats and amino acids
in our brainsin our brains
 Exercise and mental healthExercise and mental health
 Alcohol is a common form of “self-Alcohol is a common form of “self-
medication” for people with mentalmedication” for people with mental
health problemshealth problems
8

PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORTPSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT
What is Psychosocial Support?What is Psychosocial Support?
 Psychosocial support addresses a person'sPsychosocial support addresses a person's
emotional, social, mental and spiritual needsemotional, social, mental and spiritual needs
- all essential elements of positive human- all essential elements of positive human
development. Psychosocial support buildsdevelopment. Psychosocial support builds
internal and external resources for childreninternal and external resources for children
and their families to cope with adversity. Itand their families to cope with adversity. It
supports families to provide for children'ssupports families to provide for children's
physical, economic, educational, health andphysical, economic, educational, health and
social needs. Psychosocial support alsosocial needs. Psychosocial support also
helps build resilience in children.helps build resilience in children.
9

Why is Psychosocial Support Important?Why is Psychosocial Support Important?
 All children need psychosocial support for theirAll children need psychosocial support for their
psychological and emotional wellbeing, as well as theirpsychological and emotional wellbeing, as well as their
physical and mental development. Some children needphysical and mental development. Some children need
additional, specific psychosocial support if they haveadditional, specific psychosocial support if they have
experienced extreme trauma or adversity or are notexperienced extreme trauma or adversity or are not
receiving necessary caregiver support. Poverty, illness,receiving necessary caregiver support. Poverty, illness,
conflict, neglect and abuse can all affect a child'sconflict, neglect and abuse can all affect a child's
psychosocial wellbeing. As a result of HIV and AIDS,psychosocial wellbeing. As a result of HIV and AIDS,
children may experience multiple traumas such as thechildren may experience multiple traumas such as the
illness and death of parents, violence and exploitation,illness and death of parents, violence and exploitation,
stigma and discrimination, isolation and loneliness, andstigma and discrimination, isolation and loneliness, and
lack of adult support and guidance.lack of adult support and guidance.
10

How Should Psychosocial Support be Delivered?How Should Psychosocial Support be Delivered?
 Families and communities are best placed toFamilies and communities are best placed to
provide psychosocial support to children.provide psychosocial support to children.
Interventions should work through familiesInterventions should work through families
to keep children in supportive and caringto keep children in supportive and caring
environments and to strengthen familiesenvironments and to strengthen families
abilities to meet a range of children’s needs.abilities to meet a range of children’s needs.
Psychosocial support should not be a stand-Psychosocial support should not be a stand-
alone activity but part of comprehensive,alone activity but part of comprehensive,
integrated programming.integrated programming.
11

 Effective psychosocial support builds on communityEffective psychosocial support builds on community
resources and links families with existing systems ofresources and links families with existing systems of
community support such as early childhood developmentcommunity support such as early childhood development
programs, school programs, kids clubs, safe spaces forprograms, school programs, kids clubs, safe spaces for
girls, peer support groups and health services.girls, peer support groups and health services.
Psychosocial support can also be integrated into existingPsychosocial support can also be integrated into existing
programs for nutrition, HIV prevention, PMTCT, and careprograms for nutrition, HIV prevention, PMTCT, and care
and treatment. Participation in parent education groups,and treatment. Participation in parent education groups,
community caregiver and family support groups, peer andcommunity caregiver and family support groups, peer and
social support activities and mentorship programs cansocial support activities and mentorship programs can
help children, youth and families to strengthen copinghelp children, youth and families to strengthen coping
mechanisms and build resilience.mechanisms and build resilience.
12
How Should Psychosocial Support be Delivered? (Cont.)How Should Psychosocial Support be Delivered? (Cont.)

 While most children are fairly resilient,While most children are fairly resilient,
when faced with extreme adversity andwhen faced with extreme adversity and
trauma, they and their families need extratrauma, they and their families need extra
support. Extreme, prolonged 'toxic stress'support. Extreme, prolonged 'toxic stress'
may lead to anxiety or depression and canmay lead to anxiety or depression and can
have long-term, harmful effects on a child'shave long-term, harmful effects on a child's
health and development. In cases ofhealth and development. In cases of
extreme stress or adversity, children andextreme stress or adversity, children and
families may benefit from family outreachfamilies may benefit from family outreach
programs such as home visits that provideprograms such as home visits that provide
counseling services.counseling services.
13
How Should Psychosocial Support be Delivered? (Cont.)How Should Psychosocial Support be Delivered? (Cont.)

KEY PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORTKEY PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT
ACTIVITIES AND MESSAGESACTIVITIES AND MESSAGES
14
 Support Families to Effectively meet Children'sSupport Families to Effectively meet Children's
Psychosocial Needs and Care for Children in TheirPsychosocial Needs and Care for Children in Their
Own Communities.Own Communities.
 Integrate Psychosocial Support Activities intoIntegrate Psychosocial Support Activities into
Existing Community and Health Systems.Existing Community and Health Systems.
 Organize Community Caregiver Support Groups.Organize Community Caregiver Support Groups.
 Support Mentorship Programs for Children andSupport Mentorship Programs for Children and
Youth affected by HIV/AIDSYouth affected by HIV/AIDS..

KEY PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORTKEY PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT
ACTIVITIES AND MESSAGESACTIVITIES AND MESSAGES
15
 Address Specific Psychosocial Support Needs of ChildrenAddress Specific Psychosocial Support Needs of Children
Living with HIV.Living with HIV.
 Provide Psychosocial Activities that Support Young ChildrenProvide Psychosocial Activities that Support Young Children
through Early Childhood Development Programsthrough Early Childhood Development Programs (ECD or(ECD or
preschool).preschool).
 Strengthen Social Welfare Services and PromoteStrengthen Social Welfare Services and Promote
Community Child Protection Policies including InheritanceCommunity Child Protection Policies including Inheritance
Rights.Rights.
 Develop an Evidence Base of PsychosocialDevelop an Evidence Base of Psychosocial
Support Interventions that Support ChildSupport Interventions that Support Child
 Wellbeing.Wellbeing.

QuestionsQuestions ??
16
BOOK REFERENCE: KABIR, SMS (2017). ESSENTIALS
OF COUNSELING. ABOSAR PROKASHANA SANGSTHA,
BANGLABAZAR, DHAKA-1100 ISBN: 978-984-8798-22-
5, DKAKA - 1100; SMSKABIR@PSY.JNU.AC.BD;

That’s all for the time beingThat’s all for the time being
Thank youThank you
17
BOOK REFERENCE: KABIR, SMS (2017). ESSENTIALS
OF COUNSELING. ABOSAR PROKASHANA SANGSTHA,
BANGLABAZAR, DHAKA-1100 ISBN: 978-984-8798-22-
5, DKAKA - 1100; SMSKABIR@PSY.JNU.AC.BD;

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